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Biomedical subjects

F Clergue

Publications and source records attributed to F Clergue.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

The influence of an aging surgical population on the anesthesia workload: a ten-year survey.

UNLABELLED: To assess the evolution of the anesthetic workload related to elderly population (> or = 65 yr) at the University Hospital of Geneva, the total number of anesthesia cases, high-risk patients, and emergency procedures, as well as the total duration of anesthesia and incidence of perianesthetic complications, were retrospectively analyzed over 10 yr. The squared correlation coefficient was used to assess the proportion of variance explained by the linear regression of the absolute and the relative number of events over time. More than 165,000 anesthesia procedures were analyzed, and the data were separated into two groups: the younger population (<65 yr) and the elderly population (> or = 65 yr). From 1985 to 1994, the elderly surgical population grew significantly faster (P < 0.001) than the elderly resident population (from 20.3% to 25.1% versus from 12.5% to 13.6%). Half of the increased number of anesthesia cases during this period were administered to elderly patients. The number of high-risk elderly patients increased by 48.3% (P < 0.0001). The number of emergency procedures in elderly patients increased only until 1991, and a significant decrease in the incidence of perianesthetic complications was observed. Because the mean duration of each procedure remained constant, the increased anesthetic workload in our institution was mainly due to increased geriatric surgical activity. IMPLICATIONS: During a study period of 10 yr, the increased anesthetic workload (defined as the number of anesthesia cases, high-risk patients, emergency procedures, and complication rate) at the University Hospital of Geneva was mainly due to the increased geriatric (patients > or = 65 yr) surgical activity, not to the aging of the resident population.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

Effects of abdominal CO2 insufflation and changes of position on hepatic blood flow in anesthetized pigs.

During surgical laparoscopy, total hepatic blood flow (THBF) may be modified by CO2 insufflation, changes of tilt, ventilation with high tidal volume, hypercapnia, and anesthesia, but little information is available on the THBF during the procedure. To investigate the changes of hepatic blood flow following the combination of abdominal CO2 insufflation and changes of tilt, we measured mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output, portal vein blood flow (PVBF), and hepatic artery blood flow (HABF) in anesthetized and ventilated pigs. CO2 was insufflated in the abdomen [intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) approximately 15 mmHg], and the hepatic blood flow was measured in various positions (horizontal, 10 degrees and 20 degrees head down, and 10 degrees and 20 degrees head up) before and during CO2 insufflation. CO2 insufflation in the horizontal position did not modify MAP, cardiac output, or PVBF but increased HABF. The head-up tilt decreased MAP, cardiac output, and both hepatic flows in the absence of pneumoperitoneum, but in the presence of abdominal CO2 only cardiac output and PVBF were decreased. The head-down tilt increased MAP and THBF in the absence of pneumoperitoneum, whereas no change was observed in the presence of abdominal CO2. The combination of CO2 insufflation and changes of tilt was not deleterious to hepatic perfusion. These results suggest that hepatic blood flow may be preserved during surgical laparoscopy if the tilt does not exceed 20 degrees and if IAP after CO2 insufflation remains <15 mmHg.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1997

Low molecular weight heparin associated with spinal anaesthesia and gradual compression stockings in total hip replacement surgery. Arar Study Group.

The benefit/risk ratio of administering heparin during spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing total hip replacement (THR) has not been studied widely. We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind study to compare low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) for 10 days and placebo in patients undergoing THR performed under spinal anaesthesia associated with gradual compression stockings. Efficacy was assessed by systematic bilateral ascending venography on day 10 +/- 2 in a sequential analysis. Among the 170 patients enrolled, data were available in 153 patients. In the LMWH group (n = 78) the total incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was 14.1% compared with 37.3% in the placebo group (n = 75) (P = 0.0016). No gross neurological sequelae were observed during the study. This study showed that the addition of LMWH in patients undergoing THR under spinal anaesthesia and wearing gradual compression stockings significantly decreased the incidence of venogram-proved DVT.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Intravenous dolasetron and ondansetron in prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting: a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

BACKGROUND: Intravenous dolasetron mesilate has shown efficacy in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) when administered as a single dose prior to emergence from anesthesia. This trial compared intravenous dolasetron and ondansetron for the prevention of PONV when administered at induction of anesthesia. METHODS: This double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial randomized patients to one of four single IV treatments placebo, 25 or 50 mg dolasetron, or 4 mg ondansetron. Efficacy was measured by complete response (0 emetic episodes and no rescue medication), nausea severity and patient satisfaction as measured on a visual analog scale (VAS), investigator's rating, of nausea severity, and total response (complete response with no nausea [< or = 5 mm VAS]). RESULTS: 514 patients at 24 sites were evaluated for efficacy. The 50 mg dolasetron and 4 mg ondansetron doses were statistically equivalent, and superior to placebo, for all efficacy measures. Complete response rates were 49%, 51%, 71% and 64% for placebo, 25 and 50 mg dolasetron, and ondansetron, respectively. Dolasetron 50 mg was statistically superior to 25 mg dolasetron for complete response, total response, VAS maximum nausea, time to first emetic episode, and patient satisfaction. The majority of adverse events were of mild-to-moderate intensity. Headache was the most frequently reported treatment-related adverse event with a 3%-5% incidence across treatments. CONCLUSION: When given at induction of anesthesia, 50 mg intravenous dolasetron is equivalent to 4 mg ondansetron and superior to 25 mg dolasetron and placebo for the prevention of PONV. All treatments were safely administered and well tolerated.

Adult↗