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Biomedical subjects

F Coninx

Publications and source records attributed to F Coninx.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Automatic cueing to reduce drooling: a long-term follow-up with two mentally handicapped persons.

A follow-up was carried out on two mentally handicapped persons to check whether automatic cueing remained effective for reducing their drooling. The follow-up data were collected through observation sessions which were spread over a period of 18 months. These sessions together with the posttraining sessions of the original study covered an interval of about 2 years. The results of the follow-up showed that cueing continued to be fairly effective with drooling remaining at relatively low levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Acquisition and generalization of social behaviors in language-disabled deaf adolescents.

In the present study, two experiments were conducted in which the effectiveness of a training package was assessed on the acquisition and generalization of five social behaviors with language-disabled and severe language-disabled deaf adolescents. The training package encompassed modeling, self-monitoring, self-reinforcement, and mediator-directed supervision and feedback. Procedures to promote generality of effects and social validity of the procedures were used as well. Target behaviors were Initiating Interaction, Turn Waiting, Keeping to the Subject, Communicating Orally, and Using Correct Sentences. Data were collected within a multiple baseline design across behaviors. Results indicated that the training package was effective in improving the performance of all participants. However, increases in percentage of appropriate target behaviors were more substantial for the language-disabled deaf adolescents than for the severely language-disabled deaf adolescents. Maintenance of effects was demonstrated as well.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

A pilot experiment on the effects of an acoustically applied reduced speech signal on speechreading.

The aim of this study was to investigate how speechreading of short sentences could be enhanced by presenting the acoustic signal with real-time extracted supplementary speech features. The features were second format frequency and voiceless frication. A group of 10 normal-hearing subjects participated in a simulation experiment. Speechreading performance increased from 22.2% for speechreading only (pretraining), to 61.5% for speechreading plus supplementary auditory information (post-training). The gain from the acoustic information turned out to be larger for subjects who also performed better in the speechreading-only condition. No significant effect was found for the training volume (i.e. 30 minutes versus 5 hours).

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1989

A classical conditioning procedure for the hearing assessment of multiply handicapped persons.

The present study evaluated the viability of a classical conditioning procedure with an air puff as unconditioned stimulus for the hearing assessment of multiply handicapped children and adolescents. All subjects were also exposed to operant conditioning, which consisted of a modified visual reinforcement audiometry (VRA) procedure or involved edible reinforcement contingent on a reaching response (for blind subjects). The findings indicate that the classical conditioning procedure was successful with 21 of the 23 subjects, whereas operant conditioning succeeded with 15 of the subjects. Thresholds obtained with classical conditioning were mostly equal to or within 10 dB of those obtained with operant conditioning and also matched previously available hearing estimates. These findings seem to suggest that the classical procedure can be a useful behavioral alternative for audiological assessment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Relations between audiometrical thresholds of potential cochlear implant patients and their performance in preoperative psycho-physical tests with electrical stimulation.

Part of our selection procedure for cochlear implant candidates is the preoperative electrical stimulation of the cochlea. With a transtympanic needle, placed as closely as possible to the round window, the dynamic range for a number of frequencies is measured and a frequency identification test and a temporal difference limen test are carried out. Our first series of preoperative tests suggests a relationship between the audiometrical pure-tone thresholds, the dynamic range of electrical stimulation and the performance on the temporal difference and frequency identification test. For the preoperative electrical stimulation tests, a relatively good pure-tone average may indicate a wide dynamic range, a short temporal difference limen and a high score in the frequency identification test.

Audiometry, Evoked Response↗
PubMed1980

Masking of short probe sounds by tone bursts with a sweeping frequency.

The masked threshold of short (less than or equal to 40 ms) probe tone or a short one-third octave probe noise appears to increase if the frequency of a tonal masker is swept. Frequency sweeps were exponential (octave/s) and unidirectional. Probe sounds were presented in the time center of the masker at the center frequency of the masker. The sweep speed, S, appeared to be an important parameter; masker duration was much less important. For 10-ms tonal probes, in-phase with the masker in their common time center, 100-ms maskers, and upward sweeps, increase of the masked threshold appeared to be maximal at a sweep speed of 30 oct/s and the masked threshold was 21 dB higher than the masked threshold found for the stationary masker (S = 0 oct/s). Above 30 oct/s the masked threshold decreased. For downward sweeps masking was maximal at S = 20 oct/s and the threshold was 15 dB higher. Sweeping upward the increase in masking was 12 dB for both noise probes and tonal probes with phase differing by 90 degrees from the masker in their common time center. The results are inconsistent with current models of masking: sweeping the frequency the masked threshold increases whereas the energy within the critical band at the probe frequency decreases.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Just audible pitch and loudness modulations with cochlear impairment.

Just noticeable combined modulations in amplitude and frequency were determined for an observer (DP) with a bowl-shaped sensorineural hearing loss of about 40 dB between 1 and 2 kHz. In all stimulus conditions, interactions were found between the detection of amplitude modulations and frequency modulations. These interactions appear to correlate quantitatively with the effect of frequency on loudness (as given by the slope of the equal-loudness contour). When this effect of frequency on loudness if taken into account, the data support the hypothesis of independent detection of pitch and loudness modulations. The experimental data are also discussed in relation to the single-mechanism hypothesis for the detection of changes in amplitude and frequency (Zwicker, Maiwald). This model could not provide a satisfactory explanation of interactions between amplitude and frequency.

Adult↗