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Biomedical subjects

F D Aldrich

Publications and source records attributed to F D Aldrich.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

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Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1992

Immune responses to pollutant mixtures from indoor sources.

Indoor air pollution occurs as an undesirable consequence of urbanization, energy conservation, indoor bioaerosol contamination, and use of synthetic materials and new technologies, and has become a worldwide concern. It is important to comprehend not only the diversity of pollutant hazards but also to develop novel methods and approaches that establish dose-response relationships, cause-and-effect relationships, and clinical relevance. Coincident with heightened public concern over indoor air pollution and its health consequences, a revolution in immunology has occurred. The immune system is recognized as an essential defensive and homeostatic mechanism. Unfortunately, the immune apparatus is exquisitely sensitive to toxic damage. Equally important, among the disciplines available to assess the health impact of indoor air pollutants, immunology has the capability to provide sensitive and specific tools that may accurately measure relevant clinical effects at tissue, cellular, and molecular levels. Furthermore, exciting new insights into shared communications networks between the immune, endocrine, and central nervous systems may provide future explanations for the myriad human complaints associated with indoor air pollutants.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗
PubMed1987

Smoking and ethylene diamine sensitization in an industrial population.

The authors studied the relationships between a history of allergy symptoms and smoking practices on respiratory sensitization to ethylene diamine (EDA) in 337 employees who had worked with it for 8 years. Thirty-eight of these had become sensitized and were reassigned to tasks not involving EDA. Responses to a mailed questionnaire yielded histories of smoking and of symptoms suggestive of allergic disease. Correlation of these histories with latency (months between first exposure to EDA and onset of respiratory symptoms) in the 38 sensitized workers revealed that current smokers had the shortest latencies, averaging 7.0 months. Persons with any history of allergic symptoms, but who had never smoked, had mean latencies of 11.3 months. Persons with histories of asthma or hay fever symptoms had mean latencies of 16.2 months and 16.7 months, respectively. Symptom-free employees who had never smoked had the longest latencies, averaging 37.3 months.

Ethylenediamines↗
PubMed1986

Excretion of radioactivity from rats and rabbits following cutaneous application of two 14C-labeled azo dyes.

A benzidine-derived azo dye, C.I. direct black 38 (DB38), and a p-phenylenediamine-derived dye, C.I. direct black 19 (DB19), labeled with carbon-14 in their aromatic amine moieties, were applied to the shaved dorsal skin of male Fischer-344 rats and New Zealand rabbits. Application sites were protected with nylon gauze and elastic bandage assemblies. Following application of measured amounts of radiolabeled dye in 0.1 M pH 10.2 carbonate buffer, serial urine and fecal samples were obtained from individual animals in metabolism cages at 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 144 h. Aliquots of urine and fecal homogenates were assayed for radioactivity by scintillation counting. Cumulative excretion of radioactivity from rats receiving DB38 was 0.05% of total dermal dose at 144 h in urine, and 0.16% of total dermal dose in feces. Cumulative excretion of radioactivity from DB38-treated rabbits at 144 h was 3.12% of total dermal dose in urine, and 5.12% in feces. From rats and rabbits receiving topical DB19, cumulative excretion of radioactivity at 144 h was less than that from DB38-treated animals. In rat urine, 0.04% of total dermal dose appeared; in rat feces, no radioactivity was recovered. In rabbit urine, 0.04% of dermal dose was found; 0.01% appeared in rabbit feces.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Toxicology of urea formaldehyde and polyurethane foam insulation.

Two types of foam insulation are in wide use. Urea formaldehyde foam is a relatively inexpensive, easily installed, and efficient insulation. Toxicity from this insulation is related to release of free formaldehyde into the home. Mild to incapacitating symptoms have been reported in occupants of urea formaldehyde-insulated homes. Airborne formaldehyde levels frequently have exceeded standards set for occupational exposure. The long-term consequences of such exposure are unknown. Because of publicity over the toxicity of urea formaldehyde foam, many physicians and patients have confused urea formaldehyde and polyurethane foam. Unlike urea formaldehyde, polyurethane foam is fully cured before construction. Toxicity occurs only during manufacture and curing. To date, there have been no reports to our knowledge of toxicity in occupants of polyurethane-insulated homes. However, toxicity caused by pyrolysis products may occur during combustion in homes insulated with either type of insulation. This report details 48 patients in whom complete medical data were obtained out of the first 100 patients contacting the Rocky Mountain Poison Center.

Construction Materials↗
PubMed1977

Lead neuropathy in adults and children.

All parts of the nervous systems can be affected, depending on the level and duration of exposure, by increased levels of lead. The occurrence of motor neuron disease, peripheral neuropathy, and encephalopathy are not mutually exclusive disorders for those individuals suffering from the toxic effects of lead. We present data that support the concept that increased absorption of lead produces changes in both central and peripheral nervous systems. Clinical and electrical evidence of subclinical involvement of peripheral nerves appears to be common to adults and children who are exposed to lead. These observations, accumulated from several possible sources of environmental hazard, also suggest that measurement of motor nerve conduction velocity may serve as an additional factor in the diagnosis of otherwise unrecognized toxic effects of lead.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Lead in animal foods.

Analyses for lead content were carried out on 78 random samples of pet food (purchased in local grocery outlets) and on 25 individual rations for laboratory animals. The lead content of 46 samples of cat food ranged from 0.1 to 7.6 mug/g, 32 dog foods ranged from 0.1 to 3.4 mug/g, and 25 laboratory animal feeds ranged from 0.1 t0 4.0 mug/g. Foods that contain a significant amount of lead could add an uncontrolled variable to experiments using laboratory animals and may cause misinterpretation of experimental results.

Animal Feed↗