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Biomedical subjects

F E Abyholm

Publications and source records attributed to F E Abyholm.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Aesthetic treatment of progressive hemifacial atrophy (Romberg's disease): use of a pedicled platysma muscle flap.

Several methods have been described for anesthetic correction of Romberg's disease. We have used the platysma muscle flap as the only procedure in four cases of severe to moderate disease. The platysma flap was transected at the clavicular level, turned at the mandibular margin, and spread subcutaneously on the affected side from the nasolabial fold up to the orbital margin and laterally to the anterior part of the ear. The flap masked the atrophy relatively well, and no complications were seen during or after the procedure. The procedure can be combined with orthognathic surgery if required.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Distribution of cardiac output during pentobarbital versus midazolam/fentanyl/fluanisone anaesthesia in the rat.

Differences in effects on central haemodynamics, organ blood flow, and serum corticosterone were studied in 11 rats anaesthetized with midazolam/fentanyl/fluanisone (MFF) and 11 other rats anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. Compared with pentobarbital, MFF reduced aortic blood pressure by 25%, increased heart rate by 20%, and increased cardiac output by 80%. Unlike most tissues, MFF produced a fivefold increase in blood flow to skeletal muscle, and decreased adrenal blood flow compared to pentobarbital anaesthesia. Initial serum corticosterone levels were lower in rats given MFF anaesthesia, indicating better stress protection. This study also indicates that MFF anaesthesia is preferable to pentobarbital because tissue perfusion generally was better preserved.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1990

Acute erosions of the gastric mucosa in burned rats: effect of gastric acidity and fluid replacement.

Early changes in the morphology of the gastric mucosa after the skin had been burned were studied using a standardised model in rats. A full thickness burn was inflicted by exposing about 20% of the total body surface area to hot water (99 degrees C) for 10 s. Intragastric acidity was kept at pH 1.0 or pH 7.4 in six experimental groups of eight rats. Rats were subjected to burns with the stomach irrigated at pH 1.0 or pH 7.4. Parallel groups received fluid replacement with a solution of human albumin, and two uninjured groups served as controls. Lesions of the gastric mucosa were measured by planimetry of photographs, and light microscopy was used for histological examination. At an intragastric pH of 1.0, the burned rats developed mucosal erosions covering an average of 13% of the total glandular mucosa; the remaining groups had only minimal mucosal lesions. Erosions of the gastric mucosa after the skin had been burned could be prevented in two ways--either by establishing an alkaline (pH 7.4) milieu in the gastric lumen, or by replacing sufficient fluid to maintain aortic blood pressure at the pre-experiment level. Fluid replacement prevented mucosal erosions even if the intragastric pH was kept at 1.0. Thus both luminal acidity and local tissue blood flow are possible mechanisms for gastric epithelial damage following burns of the skin.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Centralized treatment of extensive burns in Norway].

About 800 patients are admitted annually to Norwegian hospitals for burn injuries. Among these, about 5% (40) patients have extensive burns, and 80-110 have special burns (skinburns combined with inhalation injuries, burns of the hands and burns of the face). The National Burn Center at Haukeland Hospital was opened in October 1984. In our experience decreased mortality, reduced disability and quicker rehabilitation are achieved when extensive and special burns are treated in specialized burn units.

Burns↗
PubMed1989

[Surgical treatment of burns].

At the National Burn Center at Haukeland Hospital, early excision and split skin grafting is a standard method for the treatment of extensive burns. In these cases it is important to be aggressive in the surgical treatment in order to avoid sepsis, multi-organic failure and death.

Bandages↗
PubMed1989

Speech results in CLP patients operated on with a von Langenbeck palatal closure.

A speech evaluation of 203 CLP patients operated on at the Department of Plastic Surgery, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, during the period 1969-75 has been performed. All patients had the posterior palate closed using a modified von Langenbeck technique at an average age of 24.4 months. The speech evaluation, based on 4 clinical tests, was done at the age of 6 years by experienced speech pathologists. The results were considered good concerning articulation and nasality in 86.2% and 80.5%, respectively. Among the 36 patients with moderate or severe nasality, 28 had a pharyngoplasty performed. The final speech results were considered good in 97.3% of the whole sample.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

Elimination of the residual alveolar cleft by secondary bone grafting and subsequent orthodontic treatment.

A combined surgical/orthodontic procedure to eliminate the residual alveolar cleft by secondary bone grafting and subsequent orthodontic treatment is described. The operations have been carried out on 378 patients: 240 males and 138 females. Seventy-two patients had bilateral clefts, making a total of 450 grafted clefts. The optimal age for this secondary bone grafting has been found to be 9 to 11 years. In 292 of the cases, the canine had reached its final position in the arch, which allowed a four-group semiquantitative assessment of the newly obtained interdental septum on dental radiographs. The best results have been achieved in cases where the bone graft was carried out prior to the eruption of the canine. In this group, a normal (category I) interdental septal height was achieved in 64 percent and a slightly lower (category II) interdental septum in 32 percent. Interdental septa classified as type I and II are considered to be acceptable. The cleft space was closed in 90 percent of the cases. No significant difference between unilateral and bilateral cases was found. When the same procedure was carried out after eruption of the canine, the results were less favorable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Columella lengthening in bilateral cleft lip patients. Experience with the forked flap procedure.

All patients with bilateral complete clefts of the lip and some patients with incomplete clefts have a short or almost non-existing columella. This is a characteristic deformity which can only be corrected by surgical lengthening of the columella. Among the numerous methods which have been used for this purpose, the forked falp method as described by Millard (1958) has certain advantages: 1. Sufficient donor tissue is available in the lateral parts of the prolabium to produce full lengthening of the columella and adequate projection of the tip of the nose. 2. Most patients with bilateral clefts need secondary correction of the lip scars and a narrowing of the nostrils after the primary operation. Both of these objectives are achieved as a part of the forked flap procedure. 3. Access is gained both to the lip muscles and to the alar cartilages at the tip of the nose. 4. Narrowing of the lip in the upper part results in a natural eversion of the lower part, and a short lip can be lengthened by letting the remaining central part of the prolabium go down during suturing. 5. The scars left in the upper lip are in an unobtrusive position corresponding to the philtral ridges. During the period 1965-77, 87 patients with bilateral cleft lip have had a columella lengthening performed according to the forked flap method. Our experience with this method has been very favourable. No serious complications have ensued, and the cosmetic results have been most satisfactory in the majority of cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Defect of the ala nasi following trigeminal denervation. Case report.

Trophic ulceration of the nose is a rare complication occurring in patients with trigeminal anaesthesia. The etiology is not clear, but self-inflicted injuries to an anaesthetic region are considered to play an important part. The authors' experience with three cases indicates that substitution with skin from the affected area of the face will not give a lasting result. It seems probable that only skin with an intact nerve supply can provide a permanent replacement for skin lost in the dystrophic process. This means that a local flap innervated from a non-affected part of the face would offer the best possibility of a permanent cover for these defects.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Submucous cleft palate.

A report is given of 47 patients with submucous cleft palate operated on during the period 1965 to 1974. The average age of the patients when referred for surgery was high (10.8 years). Eleven patients, or nearly one out of four, had tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy performed before the correct diagnosis was made. Sixteen of the patients had a history of recurrent middle ear disease, and 18 patients had another congenital anomaly, the most frequent one being a cleft of the primary palate. Nineteen patients were operated upon with a von Langenbeck palatorraphy, and 28 with a von Langenbeck procedure + a superiorly based pharyngeal flap. Three of the patients were operated on twice. The result with regard to velopharyngeal function was recorded as good in 34 cases, fair in 10, and poor in 3 cases. The results were better in patients operated upon under the age of 7 years. The operative procedures now recommended are: A von Langenbeck (or push-back) closure of the palate combined with a levator sling reconstruction and a superiorly based pharyngeal flap. The possibility for an optimal result is best when the operation is performed at an early age, i.e. as soon as a diagnosis of SMCP and velopharyngeal incompetence has been made. For this reason it is important that better information about the symptoms and signs of SMCP is given to doctors, dentists and speech therapists, who refer these patients to the cleft palate clinic.

Adolescent↗