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Biomedical subjects

F Ebert

Publications and source records attributed to F Ebert.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Complement sensitivity of Entamoeba histolytica and various nonpathogenic amoeba species.

Culture forms of the potentially pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica were compared to those of the nonpathogenic species of E. dispar, E. hartmanni, E. coli, Endolimax nana, and E. moshkovskii regarding the sensitivity to lysis by human complement activated through the alternative pathway. E. dispar was found unique in its complement resistance; all other nonpathogenic isolates resembled E. histolytica in that they were complement sensitive. Thus, a state of complement sensitivity is not a particular property of potentially pathogenic amoebae.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Primary structure of the 170-kDa surface lectin of pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica.

The adherence of Entamoeba histolytica to colonic mucins and to host cells appears to be predominantly mediated by a 170-kDa surface lectin of the amoebae. By using an antiserum to the purified lectin, the corresponding cDNA was isolated from an expression library of the pathogenic E. histolytica isolate HM-1:IMSS. Northern blot analysis indicated a transcript of approximately 4 kilobases, and Southern blot analyses suggested that multiple genes may encode the lectin or closely related proteins in HM-1:IMSS trophozoites. The cDNA-deduced amino acid sequence revealed an N-terminal signal peptide and a mature protein of 1270 amino acids corresponding to a molecular mass of 143 kDa, which comprises a short C-terminal cytoplasmic domain with potential phosphorylation sites, a transmembrane region, and a large extracellular portion with nine potential asparagine-linked glycosylation sites. The extracellular portion may be separated into a cysteine-poor domain and a cysteine-rich domain, the latter of which shows in part repetitive structural elements with a low degree of sequence homology to wheat germ agglutinin and to pDd63, a developmentally expressed protein of Dictyostelium discoideum.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Spinal narcotics for postoperative analgesia in total joint arthroplasty. A prospective study.

Sixty patients who were scheduled to have an elective total hip or knee arthroplasty were randomly assigned to one of three groups of twenty patients each before operation with spinal anesthesia. A double-blind technique was used throughout the study. The patients in Group I (control group) received hyperbaric 1 per cent tetracaine with epinephrine as the subarachnoid spinal anesthetic; the patients in Group II (morphine group), hyperbaric 1 per cent tetracaine with epinephrine and a single subarachnoid dose of Duramorph (morphine sulphate), 0.5 milligram; and those in Group III (Dilaudid group), hyperbaric 1 per cent tetracaine with epinephrine and a single subarachnoid dose of Dilaudid (hydromorphone hydrochloride), 0.002 milligram per kilogram of body weight. During the first twenty-four hours after the operation, the patients in Group II and Group III had significantly less pain compared with those in Group I. This was shown by the use of a visual linear-analog pain scale (p less than 0.05), the patients' ratings of the quality of relief of pain (p less than 0.02), and comparative measurements of the pain-altering medications that were used (p less than 0.05). The patients in Group II and Group III did not have any more complications or side effects than those in Group I. There was no significant difference in the quality and duration of analgesia between Group II and Group III.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Isoenzymes of the lung fluke Paragonimus uterobilateralis from Liberia.

The enzymes of 35 adult Paragonimus uterobilateralis were analysed using thin-layer starch gel electrophoresis. From a total of 21 enzyme systems studied, 15 proved to be useful for the description and recognition of this species. All individuals were identical concerning 11 enzymes. In four remaining enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT, hexokinase, aspartate aminotransferase and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, two or three variants, also being partly typical for this species were observed. In a comparison involving seven different enzymes, there were no differences between the electrophoretic patterns of 35 adult and 24 juvenile P. uterobilateralis. Additional examinations of 30 adult P. uterobilateralis with isoelectric focusing on ultrathin-layer polyacrylamide gels revealed clearer separations of enzymes. The method showed corresponding results or identiy of all individuals tested with three representative enzymes (ALAT, glucosephosphate isomerase and adenylate kinase).

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1987

Isoenzyme studies on Leishmania stocks from Peru by ultrathin-layer isoelectrofocusing.

17 Leishmania stocks isolated from the Andean and Amazonean region of Peru were compared isoenzymatically with reference stocks of New World Leishmania subspecies by ultra-thin-layer isoelectric focusing. The enzymes tested were: non-specific esterase (NSE), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) (NADP+), glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI) and superoxide dismutases (SOD). Two enzymes, GPI and SOD, gave a promising tool for differentiation of the majority of subspecies. These enzymes classify the stocks from Peru into the L. brasiliensis complex. However, none of the Peruvian stocks were absolutely identical to the reference stocks. Further specific enzyme patterns were found which may probably be an expression of greater heterogeneity of Leishmania parasites than is known today. There were neither correlation between clinical manifestation and enzymic patterns of stocks nor differences between stocks from the Andean or Amazonean region of Peru.

Alcohol Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1986

Isoenzymes of Trypanosoma rangeli stocks and their relation to other trypanosomes transmitted by triatomine bugs.

Culture forms of three trypanosome species, Trypanosoma rangeli, T conorhini and T. cruzi, have been compared isoenzymatically by isoelectrofocusing. Of 9 enzymes examined, three: nonspecific esterase (NSE), phosphoglucomutase (PGM) and glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI), showed species specific enzyme profiles. Little isoenzymatic variation was found amongst the 14 T. rangeli stocks examined. Two of them were identified as T. cruzi of Group I demonstrating the necessity of a clear identification of trypanosome populations isolated from bugs in areas endemic for T. rangeli and T. cruzi. In extracts of artificially mixed cultures of T. rangeli and T. cruzi only the patterns of NSE showed clearly the specific bands of both species. The NSE should be tested for the detection of mixed infections under natural conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Further isoenzymatic studies on Trypanosoma cruzi stocks from Brazil, Colombia and Chile.

Eighteen stocks of T. cruzi from Brazil, Colombia and Chile were compared by five isoenzyme patterns of isoelectrofocusing with the three principal Brazilian zymodemes (Z1, Z2, Z3). The two main Groups I and II found confirmed the zymodemes 1 and 2. However, in some cases new isoenzyme types of the enzymes GPI and PGM in the Groups I and II have been seen. Stocks typed as Z3 did not show homogeneous enzyme patterns. A clear differentiation from the Z1 and Z2 or an association with a third group was not possible. The results of Chilean stocks showed the predominance of the Group II in the domestic cycle of T. cruzi, whereas the results of the Colombian stocks typed as Group I pointed out that in countries north of the Amazon basin only Group I of T. cruzi exists.

Alcohol Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1984

Comparative characterization of Venezuelan Trypanosoma cruzi stocks by electron microscopy, isoelectrofocusing and lectin typing.

The intraspecific variation among culture forms of 14 Venezuelan Trypanosoma cruzi stocks were examined by kDNA configuration, isoenzymes, and agglutination behaviour of lectins. The results have shown that in all of the stocks the central band of kDNA is present, showing that the stocks are parasites of the subgenus Schizotrypanum. By isoenzymes and lectin typing it has been found that the stocks belong to the isoenzyme group I and the lectin-type PNA which were already described for other Venezuelan stocks. The homogeneous results of intraspecific characterization contrast to those found in other countries in South America south of the Amazon basin and seem to be a further evidence that in countries north of the Amazon basin mainly on T. cruzi-type exists.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1983

The characterization of Chilean and Bolivian Trypanosoma cruzi stocks from Triatoma infestans by isoelectrofocusing.

Culture forms of 12 Chilean and 9 Bolivian Trypanosoma cruzi stocks were compared isoenzymatically by the following enzymes: non-specific esterase, phosphoglucomutase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glucosephosphate isomerase, and alcohol dehydrogenase. On the basis of the electrophoretic mobility of these enzymes the stocks were classified into two main groups. Ten Chilean stocks were characterized as group II; two stocks showed enzyme patterns of group I. In contrast, five Bolivian stocks were classified as belonging to group I, the other four to group II. The results show that the two groups of T. cruzi overlap in Triatoma infestans suggesting that both groups of T. cruzi are infective for man. The classification of stocks into two groups is discussed in the light of published results of Brazilian T. cruzi stocks. A strong association of groups with the transmission cycles as it seems to be in Brazil does not exist in Chile and Bolivia.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi stocks by starch-gel electrophoresis, comparison of results with those of isoelectric focusing.

The culture forms of 30 T. cruzi stocks originating from different parts of Brazil and Venezuela were screened by starch-gel electrophoresis for the isoenzyme patterns of 9 enzymes: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), "malic" enzyme (ME), alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), peptidases (PEP 1, PEP 2) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH). G6PD, PGM, GPI to some extent also ASAT, ME patterns divide 25 stocks into two distinct main groups A and B. The Brazilian stocks of group A originated from different wild animal species only, those of group B were with one exception isolated from human patients, or domestic hosts. In contrast all stocks from Venezuela regardless of their original host belonged to group A. The results of all enzymes showed group A (16 stocks and 7 profiles) to be more homogeneous than group B (9 stocks and 7 profiles). Comparison of these results with previous results of isoelectric focusing of the same stocks shows both methods to be complementary. The two methods gave identical classification of stocks with G6PD, PGM and GPI, both methods dividing most stocks into two main groups. The enzymes ALAT and ASAT confirmed this grouping to some extent in the starch-gel electrophoresis. For both starch-gel and isoelectric focusing ME was of only limited value because of variable enzyme activities in the trypanosome extracts. For the enzymes PEP 1, and PEP 2 and MDH neither method was useful in demonstrating intraspecific variation within the T. cruzi complex.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of isoenzymes of some species of the subgenus schizotrypanum from bats by isoelectrofocusing.

Culture forms of bat-trypanosomes of the species T. dionisii, T. vespertilionis and T.c. marinkellei were compared isoenzymatically by isoelectrofocusing. The enzymes tested were: nonspecific esterase (NSE, E.C.3.1.1.), phosphoglucomutase (PGM, E.C. 2.7.5.1), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD, E.C. 1.1.1.49), glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI, E.C. 5.3.1.9), malate dehydrogenase (MDH, E.C. 1.1.1.37), alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) (ADH, E.C. 1.1.1.2). Their enzyme types were related to those of T. cruzi. The comparison of enzyme patterns of the six enzymes has shown that each species was characterized by species-specific enzyme profiles. Among the stocks of the European species, T. dionisii, and T. vespertilionis, variations of the enzyme patterns of PGM, G-6-PD and GPI suggesting that the final status of this subspecies is probably not yet established. In relation to T. cruzi it has been found that T. dionisii showed identical enzyme profiles with group II of T. cruzi. For T. vespertilionis no enzyme types identical with T. cruzi were detectable. T.c. marinkellei showed only identical enzyme patterns to T. cruzi-group I by the enzymes NSE and GPI.

Alcohol Dehydrogenase↗
PubMed1982

The use of isoelectrofocusing in thin layer polyacrylamide and agarose gels as a method for the characterization of Venezuelan Trypanosoma cruzi stocks.

The technique of isoelectrofocusing has been used to compare culture forms of 12 stocks of T. cruzi isolated in different regions of Venezuela. The following seven enzymes have been used for the characterization: unspecific esterase (E.C.3.1.1), malate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.37), "malic enzyme" (E.C.1.1.1.40), hexokinase (E.C.2.7.1.1), phosphoglucomutase (E.C.2.7.5.1), glucosephosphate isomerase (E.C.5.3.1.9) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (E.C.1.1.1.49). The isoelectrofocusing method allows to determine reproducible enzyme patterns of high selectivity and with a number of bands. This permits to recognize possible differences within the T. cruzi-complex much easier than previous methods. The Venezuelan T. cruzi stocks showed a remarkable homogenous behaviour concerning the enzyme profiles. Most of them were identical. Different types seen for "malic enzyme", phosphoglucomutase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were observed in only three stocks, It was not possible to find a clear relationship between the types and the histories of stocks.

Animals↗