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Biomedical subjects

F Eftekhari

Publications and source records attributed to F Eftekhari.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Computed tomography in histiocytosis X of the temporal bone.

Involvement of the temporal bone in histiocytosis X is seen in about one-third of the cases at onset, is bilateral in 31% of cases, and is often clinically silent. We report two cases of histiocytosis X with temporal bone involvement and emphasize the usefulness of computed tomography in detecting such a lesion, noting its extraskeletal extension, and following the course of the disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

The growing teratoma syndrome: an unusual manifestation of treated, nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis.

Residual masses are a common finding after chemotherapy for retroperitoneal and other metastases from nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis. These may contain mature teratoma, fibrotic tissue, or tumor. Mature teratoma, which is unresponsive to chemotherapy, may result from evolution of a malignant lesion during treatment, or it may represent a metastasis from a focus of mature teratoma in the primary testicular tumor. An enlarging retroperitoneal mass during the course of chemotherapy is usually due to treatment failure but rarely may be due to an enlarging mature teratoma, the so-called growing teratoma syndrome. This report concerns five patients with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors metastatic to the retroperitoneum in whom mature teratomas were found at surgery. These tumors had grown despite the administration of combination systemic chemotherapy, and the cystic component had increased in size. Three patients had evidence of urinary tract compression, three had vascular compression or displacement, and one had gastrointestinal compression. The retroperitoneal mass was excised in each patient, and all are alive 4-27 months after surgery without evidence of recurrence. Growing mature teratoma is unresponsive to chemotherapy but is cured by surgical excision. The possibility of the growing teratoma syndrome should be considered so that these lesions can be treated appropriately.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Pathologic fracture in osteosarcoma. Impact of chemotherapy on primary tumor and survival.

Twenty patients with osteosarcoma and pathologic fractures were treated with a chemotherapeutic regimen consisting of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum-II (CDP), Adriamycin (ADR) (doxorubicin) and high-dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor "rescue" (MTX-CF). Before the introduction of the regimen, the primary tumor in two patients was treated by immediate amputation and in 13 with preoperative intra-arterial CDP. Among these 13 patients, responses (healing) were observed in 11 (one required the addition of radiation therapy). In three patients, the responses were so dramatic that, at their request, surgery was deferred and treatment exclusively with chemotherapy was instituted. Based on this experience, treatment exclusively with chemotherapy was also administered to an additional five patients who were admitted without pathologic fractures. In the course of such treatment, pathologic fractures also developed; notwithstanding, chemotherapy was maintained and healing also occurred. One of the 20 patients had pulmonary metastases at diagnosis; these were resected after treatment and pathologic examination revealed no evidence of viable tumor. The remaining 19 patients were free of pulmonary metastases but these later developed in seven patients. These data were compared to a historical control series in which 16 of 21 patients with pathologic fractures developed pulmonary metastases. Three of the chemotherapy treated patients died of nonosteosarcoma related causes (leukemia, generalized varicella, and a metabolic complication). Overall, survival was improved in the chemotherapy treated patients as compared to the historical control series: 10 of 20 versus 6 of 21, respectively. Pathologic fractures in osteosarcoma may heal under treatment with chemotherapy, which also has a favorable impact on the eradication of pulmonary metastases and survival.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

Computed tomography of rectal and perirectal disease in AIDS patients.

Twenty-eight homosexual men with Kaposi sarcoma as part of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS-related KS) and 2 homosexual men without AIDS were examined with abdominal and pelvic computed tomography (CT). Abnormalities of the rectum and perirectal areas were seen in 8 of the 30 patients on CT examination. Endoscopy and biopsy of the colon in these 8 cases revealed inflammatory changes in 6 patients and KS in 2. The CT abnormalities were not specific for inflammatory disease or tumor, and endoscopy with biopsy was necessary to establish an accurate diagnosis.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1985

Control of primary osteosarcoma with chemotherapy.

High-dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor "rescue" (MTX-CF) produced an apparent complete response of the primary tumor in three patients with osteosarcoma. The response was sustained with MTX-CF, intra-arterial cis-diamminedichloroplatinum II (CDP) and Adriamycin (doxorubicin) for 18 months. Treatment was then electively discontinued. Local recurrence occurred in two patients, 6 and 4 months later, respectively. MTX-CF was reinstated and a complete response was again achieved in one patient. This has been maintained for 15+ months with MTX-CF and intra-arterial CDP administered for 13 of the 15+ months. Reinduction with MTX-CF failed in the second relapsed patient but an apparent remission was again achieved with radiation and intra-arterial CDP. This has been maintained with intravenous CDP, cyclophosphamide and phenylalanine mustard for 14+ months. A complete response in the primary tumor was still present in the nonrelapsed patient, 42 months from diagnosis. All patients have remained free of pulmonary metastases, 40+ to 42+ months from diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Primary infantile hyperparathyroidism: clinical, laboratory, and radiographic features in 21 cases.

Two cases of primary infantile hyperparathyroidism (PIH) are reported. In both cases the diagnosis was initially suspected from chest radiographs which were obtained to assess the etiology of fever and respiratory distress in one case and heart murmur in another. The first case responded well to subtotal parathyroidectomy. The second case had many unique features. (1) She never became overtly symptomatic. (2) She displayed a constellation of findings that are not yet emphasized. (3) Her indisputable radiographic findings of hyperparathyroidism vanished spontaneously by two months of age, whereas her biochemical alteration have persisted up to now, 2 1/2 years after birth. (4) There members of her family have subclinical hyperparathyroidism (elevated serum parathormone, hypercalcemia, and hypophosphatemia). Our review of 19 more cases showed that PIH has no specific clinical symptoms and/or signs. Of the laboratory findings, hypercalcemia was most consistently encountered. The radiographic findings, although not identical to those described in hyperparathyroid adults, had the greatest diagnostic specificity. The disorder carried a grave prognosis if not diagnosed promptly and managed surgically.

Female↗
PubMed1982

Intraarterial management of giant-cell tumors of the spine in children.

Transcatheter arterial management of giant cell tumors of the spine was performed in two female patients aged 12 and 15 who had failed to respond to conventional therapy. Response was determined clinically by alleviation of pain and radiographically by regression and/or calcification of the tumor. Minor side effects included transient nausea, elevated body temperature, and pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Chemotherapy of locally aggressive head and neck tumors in the pediatric age group. Desmoid fibromatosis and nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

Our experience with the use of systemic chemotherapy in the management of locally aggressive head and neck tumors in the pediatric age group (desmoid fibromatosis and nasopharyngeal angiofibroma) is presented. Objective decreases in the size of tumors was found in all patients with desmoid fibromatosis was treated with chemotherapy before definitive surgical resection was performed. The changes noticed on examination correlated with the histologic and radiologic findings. Two patients with recurrent juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas showed striking therapeutic improvement in their residual tumor mass as witnessed by radiographic studies and biopsies. Toxicity and side effects of the treatment are discussed.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

Technical note. Use of CT in the placement of heat monitoring thermocouples for hyperthermia therapy.

In 12 cancer patients undergoing hyperthermia therapy, computed tomography (CT) was used for placement of thermocouples within the tumoral tissue. Tumors were located in the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis. Computed tomography provided accurate angulation of the introduction angiocatheter as well as the ability to choose the shortest and safest path. The cross-sectional display was especially helpful in placing the heat monitoring thermocouple within the active part of the tumor rather than a necrotic portion. It is our opinion that CT is superior to fluoroscopy in this regard.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Acroosteolysis. Problems of diagnosis--report of four cases.

Four cases of idiopathic acroosteolysis are reported. The first is a common phalangeal type, the second, the Hozay variety. The third case was diagnosed after a mumps infection, and marked regress of the changes was noted in the following years. The fourth case shows skin changes, periostitis, mild osteosclerosis, and skull changes as well as acroosteolysis.

Bone Diseases, Developmental↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diagnosis of leukemic relapse in the pelvic soft tissues of juvenile females.

Five females with childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia whose disease relapsed in the pelvis were studied. In all five patients, relapse occurred late in the disease process, and all patients had been in complete continuous remission before relapse. Intravenous pyelogram and barium enema revealed hydronephrosis or a mass effect on the bladder or rectosigmoid colon. In three patients, sonography established the presence of a clinically palpable mass with involvement of the uterus, ovaries, and pelvic side walls. In one patient there was infiltration of the bladder and in another, infiltration of the appendix, both confirmed by biopsy.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thyroid metastases: combined role of ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration biopsy.

The ultrasonographic findings and the use of ultrasonography combined with fine needle aspiration in 4 cases of metastases to the thyroid are reported. The primary neoplasms were bronchogenic carcinoma (2 cases), malignant melanoma (1 case), and renal cell carcinoma (1 case). Ultrasonography demonstrated bilateral (2 cases) and unilateral (2 cases) enlargement of the gland. In 3 cases, the texture of the gland was heterogenous and had hypoechoic areas. In 1 case a homogeneous mass containing calcified focus was seen. Ultrasonography was able to evaluate the extent of the disease in all patients by revealing metastatic nodes or jugular vein thrombosis. Finally, ultrasonography was useful in guiding fine needle aspiration. The potential use of ultrasonography in detection and biopsy of small thyroid lesions in patients with malignant disease is discussed.

Biopsy, Needle↗