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Biomedical subjects

F Enders

Publications and source records attributed to F Enders.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Comparative electrocardiography in four species of macaws (genera Anodorhynchus and Ara).

Electrocardiograms (ECGs) were recorded during isoflurane anaesthesia from 52 macaws of four species of the genera Anodorhynchus and Ara in order to establish electrocardiographic reference values. The birds examined were clinically healthy macaws of the following species: hyacinth macaw (HM; Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus, n = 14); green-winged macaw (GWM; Ara chloroptera, n = 11); blue-throated macaw (BTM; Ara glaucogularis, n = 15); and red-fronted macaw (RFM; Ara rubrogenys, n = 12). All ECGs were recorded using a paper speed of 50 mm/s and a calibration of 10 mm = 1 mV. Significant differences were determined between species for the heart rate, duration and amplitude of the P wave, amplitude of the T wave, and amplitude of the QRS complex, specially comparing the RFM to the other macaw species. No significant differences were found between two species of similar body weight: the HM and the GWM.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[The occurrence of Prototheca in fecal samples of domestic and wild swine].

Prototheca spp. were culturally detected in 64 (28.9%) fecal samples of 221 pigs and in 3 (21.4%) fecal samples of 14 wild boars by using a selective medium, developed by PORE (1973). 25 (39.1%) of 64 Prototheca positive fecal samples of pigs contained Prototheca (P.) zopfii in monoculture, while in 39 fecal samples (60.9%) a mixed culture of P. zopfii and P. moriformis was found. All 3 fecal samples of wild boards contained a monoculture of P. zopfii. The results of this study permit the conclusion that pigs as well as wild boars can harbour and shed Prototheca spp. in variable frequency.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Pilot study of the occurrence of Prototheca in fecal samples of horses].

Fecal samples of 146 horses were culturally investigated for occurrence of Prototheca spp. using a selective medium, developed by PORE (1973). Prototheca zopfii could be isolated in monoculture from 9 fecal samples (6.2%). The results of this pilot study show that horses too can harbour and shed Prototheca spp. in variable frequency.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Benzalkonium chloride--a relevant contact allergen or irritant? Results of a multicenter study of the German Contact Allergy Group].

At eight dermatological clinics, a total of 2146 patients were tested between May 1990 and December 1991 to determine the significance of the preservative benzalkonium chloride in inducing allergic contact dermatitis and to evaluate recommendations for patch testing. In 225 cases an allergic reaction was proven, with 258 irritant reactions in addition. Only 12 cases were clinically relevant. Therefore, benzalkonium chloride is considered a weak allergen. A doubtful (erythema) or an incipient positive (with occasional papules) reaction may be regarded as an irritant reaction. In isolated cases a "repeated open application test" (ROAT) should be applied to determine clinical relevance. Our recommendation for patch testing is 0.1% benzalkonium chloride in vaseline, and also in water for special cases.

Benzalkonium Compounds↗
PubMed1993

[The occurrence of Prototheca in fecal samples of cattle].

Prototheca spp. were detected in 146 (48.7%) of culturally examined fecal samples of cattle, using the selective medium, developed by Pore (1973). 114 fecal samples (78.1%) contained a monoculture of Prototheca (P.) zopfii, while 10 fecal samples (6.8%) contained a monoculture of P. moriformis. In further 22 fecal samples (15.1%) a mixed culture of P. zopfii and P. moriformis was detected. The results of this study permit to conclude that cattle can harbour and shed Prototheca spp. in variable frequency.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Stigmata of atopic constitution in patients with atopic eczema or atopic respiratory disease.

In the diagnosis of atopic eczema, minor physical markers (stigmata) frequently provide valuable clues. The prevalence of nine stigmata (dry skin, hyperlinearity of the palms or soles, infraorbital fold, white dermographism, facial pallor, orbital darkening, Hertoghe's sign, low hairline) was evaluated in 34 atopic eczema patients without atopic respiratory disease, in 16 patients with allergic rhinitis and/or asthma without atopic eczema, and in 23 controls without atopic respiratory or eczematous disease, and with negative results at prick testing with three common aeroallergens. Compared with controls, all features except Hertoghe's sign were significantly (p less than 0.01) more frequent in atopic eczema, and, except for Hertoghe's sign, dry skin and white dermographism, they were significantly (low hairline, p less than 0.05; others, p less than 0.01) more frequent also in respiratory disease. The prevalence of most stigmata did not differ significantly (p greater than 0.05) in cutaneous vs. respiratory atopic disease, only dry skin being more frequent in atopic eczema (p less than 0.05). Although not specific, most stigmata are characteristic markers not only of atopic eczema, but of atopy as such.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Photopatch testing with different ultraviolet A sources can yield discrepant test results.

A photopatch test series consisting of 27 substances was tested in 81 patients with suspected photosensitivity disorders. Irradiation was performed using the following light sources: TL-K 40W/09 bulbs (UVA'; lambda max. at 355 nm), UVASUN 5000 (UVA''; lambda max. at 375 nm), and TL 20 W/12 bulbs (UVB; lambda max. at 315 nm). One day after applying 4 sets of the test substances (D1), one test series each was exposed to 10 J/cm2 of UVA' or UVA'', or a combination of 40 mJ/cm2 UVB and 10 J/cm2 UVA''; the fourth series was left nonirradiated (control). Photopatch test reactions (PPTR) were defined as positive if there was at least an indurated erythema on D3 or later between D3 and D21 (late-onset reactions) exclusively at the irradiated, but not at the control site. At least one positive PPTR was found in 35 patients (43%), 7 of whom exhibited late-onset reactions only; in 2 cases the tests could not be read because of skin irritation. On D3, there were 44 positive reactions with UVA', only 10 of which were also demonstrable with UVA''. Twenty-one late-onset PPTR were found with UVA' and 17 with UVA''. Late-onset reactions elicited by UVA' or UVA'' mostly were concordant; divergent positive or negative results were found only in a few cases. Compared with the results obtained with UVA' or UVA'' alone, combined irradiation with UVB and UVA'' occasionally led to divergent positive as well as negative results. When photopatch test results are interpreted, it should be considered that testing with different UVA sources may yield divergent results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Pilot study of the practicability of a commercially-available Salmonella rapid test for the detection of the Salmonella content of cattle fecal samples].

100 faeces samples of cattle were investigated in comparison to a recent commercially available Salmonella Rapid Test (OXOID) and a cultural standard method (non-selective enrichment in buffered peptone water, selective enrichment in RAPPAPORT-VASSILIADIS-medium) for presence of Salmonella. The Salmonella Rapid Test showed in positive results an accuracy ("sensitivity") of 94.7% and in negative results an assurance ("specificity") of 97.5% and is therefore suitable for rapid detection (within 2 days) of faeces sample of cattle with Salmonella.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Trends in allergic contact sensitization.

A standard patch test series was tested for 7 years (1977-1983) in a total of 11,962 patients. The annual frequency of positive reactions to the compounds tested was assessed for the total and for males and females separately. During the observation period, there were significant increases in positive reactions in the total group from 6.2% to 12.7% for nickel sulphate, from 5.3% to 7.0% for balsam of Peru and from 3.8% to 6.5% for potassium dichromate, reflecting significant changes in both sexes. The frequency of positive reactions to wool alcohols, formaldehyde, neomycin sulphate, paraben mix and gentamycin sulphate significantly increased, while that of positive reactions to clioquinol, mercuric chloride and turpentine peroxide significantly decreased in either males or females, sometimes leading to significant changes in the total group.

Allergens↗
PubMed1988

[Epicutaneous testing with a standard series. Results in 12,026 patients].

From 1977 to 1983, 12,026 patients were given patch tests with a standard series of substances. A total of 4,494 (37.4%) had positive patch-test reactions to one or more allergens; the average number of positive reactions was 1.85. The most frequent reactions were due to nickel sulphate (positive reactions in 9.2% of those tested), fragrance mix (8.9%), balsam of Peru (6.3%), cobalt chloride (4.7%), potassium dichromate (4.3%) and wool alcohols (4.3%). Women showed significantly more positive reactions than men to nickel sulphate, cobalt chloride, wool alcohols, and parabens and significantly fewer positive reactions than men to potassium dichromate, PPD mix, and epoxy resin. Younger patients showed significant more positive reactions to nickel sulphate and cobalt chloride; middle-aged patients reacted more to potassium dichromate, paraphenylendiamine, formaldehyde and thiuram mix; elderly patients reacted to balsam of Peru, wool alcohols, caine mix, neomycin sulfate, benzocaine, colophony, clioquinol, mafenide, parabens, and gentamycin sulfate.

Adult↗