[The problems of human ecological physiology].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to F F Sultanov.
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Hyperthermia and overheating of the rat isolated organs induce significant changes of the binding of receptors' specific blockers and catecholamine synthesis. One of the main mechanisms of the organism response to the temperature actions involves a local rearrangement in intensity of different stages of the adrenergic process. Possible significance of these changes in the hypothalamus for synchronisation of the organism's response to extreme temperature effects, is discussed.
At ambient temperatures 20 degrees, 28 degrees and 40 degrees C the exponent of the power function of warmth perception was 1.40, 1.08 and 0.84 in winter and 1.66, 1.32 and 1.50 in summer, resp. Seasonal heat adaptation seems to lead to an increase of the warmth perception due to functional modification of temperature analyser activity.
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A 10-day study of the dynamics of adreno- and cholinosensitivity of isolated fragments of the small intestine of Wistar rats exposed to temperature of 45 degrees C for 30 and 60 min, revealed an increase in adreno- and cholinosensitivity in hyperthermia. A significant correlation exists between the body temperature and adrenoreactivity. Normalizing of body temperature is followed by reciprocal changes in adreno- and cholinosensitivity.
Isolated fragments of small intestine of Wistar rats exposed to 45 degrees C for 30 and 60 min revealed an increase in adreno- and cholinosensitivity. Normalizing of body temperature was followed by reciprocal changes in adreno- and cholinosensitivity.
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Seasonal changes of body temperature, heart and respiratory rate were studied in rabbits with thermocouples indwelled into the anterior hypothalamus. Temperature of skin of dorsal part of body and inner temperature (rectal and hypothalamic) were much higher in spring. Hypothalamic temperature was significantly lower than rectal temperature and respiratory rate was at its highest level in summer. Absolute threshold temperature for activation of heat dissipation was higher in summer than in winter.
The TV-microscopy in cats revealed that, by the 30th minute of 2-hr overheating, the arterioles are dilated and venules constricted. In the course of raise of body temperature from 36 degrees to 40 degrees C, the number of dilatory and constrictory responses of venules remains the same while the number of arteriole dilatory responses diminishes and of constrictory responses increases. At 40 degrees C of body temperature, the number of dilatory responses of the mesenteric arterioles and venules makes about 20--30% while the number of constrictory responses--70--80%. The extent of dilation of arterioles and venules increases with the heating while the extent of constriction, having achieved a certain level, starts to diminish. The greatest responses occurred in the microvessels with initial diameter 60 and more microns. The responses of microvessels with a lesser diameter could be different. The data obtained using hexonium, dihydroergotoxin, inderal, atropin, dezeril, methyamide, and tavegil, suggest participation of adrenergic and histamingergic substances in vasomotor responses of the microvessels to the hyperthermia.
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Higher values of the exponent power function of the perception of temperature elevation (1.66, 1.32, and 1.50) in the summer than in the winter (1.40, 1.08, and 0.84) were established in seasonal investigations in people at room air temperatures of 20, 28, and 40 degrees C. Consequently, following adaptation to the seasonal high temperature a person can feel a smaller temperature increment than in the winter. This suggests a reorganization in the functional activity of the temperature analyzer under the prolonged influence of seasonal high temperature.