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Biomedical subjects

F Fabiano

Publications and source records attributed to F Fabiano.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Increased bronchoalveolar granulocytes and granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor during exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.

Although inflammatory changes are found throughout the airways of patients with chronic bronchitis, the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate airways inflammation in patients with and without an exacerbation of bronchitis. Thirteen chronic bronchitic patients and nine normal subjects were studied. Eight of the patients were studied under baseline conditions (B), and five during an exacerbation of bronchitis (E). Bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with cytological analysis were performed, and the levels of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were determined in sera and in BAL supernatants by a solid phase enzyme immunoassay. Compared with patients under baseline conditions, chronic bronchitic patients with an exacerbation had increased numbers of BAL neutrophils (10+/-3 and 83+/-18x10(3) cells x mL(-1), respectively; p<0.0001) and of BAL eosinophils (1.9+/-0.5 and 6.7/-1.9x10(3) cells x mL(-1), respectively; p=0.014). Patients with chronic bronchitis, as a whole, had significantly increased levels of BAL GM-CSF compared to control subjects (36+/-5 and 19+/-4 pg x mL(-1), respectively; p=0.035), and similar levels of serum GM-CSF. Serum levels of GM-CSF were markedly increased in chronic bronchitic patients with an exacerbation, as compared with patients under baseline conditions (1.4+/-0.4 and 13+/-1 pg x mL(-1), respectively; p <0.0001). BAL levels of GM-CSF were also increased in chronic bronchitic patients with an exacerbation (25+/-5 and 54+/-8 pg x mL(-1), respectively; p=0.009). During exacerbations of chronic bronchitis there are changes in the cell populations in bronchoalveolar lavage of patients consistent with a recruitment of polymorphonuclear leucocytes in the airway lumen. The increased levels of granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor might suggest a role for this cytokine in the inflammatory processes of chronic bronchitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Mechanical obstruction of the small intestine due to phytobezoars].

The authors report 3 cases of small bowel obstruction due to phytobezoar, and they describe various aetiological factors of this pathology. The surgical treatment of choice is the removal of phytobezoar by enterotomy. Particularly important is the intraoperative exploration of gastrointestinal tract to localize other phytobezoars.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Sessile tubulo-villous polyps in the rectum: problems of diagnosis and treatment. Personal experience].

A retrospective analysis was performed on 22 patients (mean age 65) in whom preoperative rectosigmoidoscopy had diagnosed tubulovillous rectal polyp. In 12 cases the polyps were removed transanally and the remaining 10 were subjected to laparotomy. The incidence of error in the preoperative histological diagnosis was 18.2% (9% for the nature and 10% for degree of dysplasia of the polyp). There were 25% recurrences after transanal exeresis, 10% after laparotomy. Total survival at 42 months was 86.3%. The study confirms the validity of transanal exeresis of tubulovillous polyps of the rectum assuming careful preoperative patient selection.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Colorectal cancer: prognosis after curative surgical treatment without extended elective lymphadenectomy in patients in Dukes C stage].

A retrospective analysis has been carried out on a group of 103 Dukes C cases from a series of 412 patients with colorectal carcinoma, operated on from January 1970 to November 1983. The 5-year survival rate was 32% in patients who had a curative resection (median survival: 24 months). Larger numbers of lymph nodes were obtained with right or left colectomy. As regards the treatment of rectal cancer, similar numbers of nodes were obtained either with anterior resection or with Miles' operation. Prognosis was significantly correlated to tumor location, number of involved nodes (p less than 0.01) and grading of the primary tumor (p less than 0.01). The use of extended left colectomy with elective abdominopelvic lymphadenectomy was associated with a small raise of survival and a definite increase of perioperative morbidity and mortality compared to conservative surgical resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Survival after incomplete resection or exploratory thoracotomy in patients with advanced non small cell lung cancer.

In order to evaluate the effects of incomplete resection or exploratory thoracotomy on survival, 75 patients with Stage III non small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were studied. Twenty-five subjects underwent incomplete resection, 25 had exploratory thoracotomy and 25 patients who were denied surgery served as controls. Standard radio-therapy and chemotherapy regimens were given to most patients. The 2-year survival rates were 14%, 7% and 9% following incomplete resection, exploratory thoracotomy or conservative treatment, respectively. The survival curve was significantly worse in the exploratory thoracotomy group than in the control group (p less than 0.05). Major complications occurred in 2 patients after incomplete resection (bronchopleural fistula; chylothorax) and in 3 patients following surgical exploration (atelectasis). Two post-operative deaths were recorded in the exploratory thoracotomy group. In conclusion, the survival rate at 2 years in patients with Stage III NSCLC is not modified by incomplete or exploratory surgery. Moreover, exploration seems to worsen the outlook of patients during the first 2 years from diagnosis.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung↗
PubMed1985

[Corneal reflex in normal and pathological subjects].

The orbicularis oculi response can be evoked both by mechanical stimulation of the cornea (corneal reflex) and by electrical stimulation of the skin overlying the supraorbital nerve (blink reflex). Mechanical stimuli to the cornea activate A delta and C free nerve endings of the corneal mucosa. Electrical stimuli to the supraorbital nerve activate A beta, A delta and C fibers of the nerve trunk. Both reflexes present a bilateral late response, but the blink reflex shows in addition an early ipsilateral component (R1), which has never been observed with the corneal stimulation in man. We have developed a simple technique of electrical stimulation of the cornea which provides stable responses and allows precise measurements of threshold and latency of the reflex. In normal subjects, the threshold ranged from 50 to 350 microA, and the maximal stimulus that the subject could bear (tolerance level) ranged from 1000 to 2500 microA. The minimal latency to tolerance level stimuli was 39 +/- 3 msec. The latency difference between the direct responses evoked from the two opposite corneas never exceeded 8 msec and the difference between the direct and consensual responses elicited from the same cornea never exceeded 5 msec. An early ipsilateral component similar to the R1 response of the blink reflex was not observed, even with supramaximal stimulation. The electrically evoked corneal reflex was normal in 10 cases of essential trigeminal neuralgia, while the responses showed significant abnormalities in 18 subjects submitted to thermocoagulation of the Gasserian ganglion as a treatment of neuralgic pain, as well as in 2 cases of symptomatic neuralgia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blinking↗
PubMed1984

A family study of ankylosing spondylitis.

Clinical, radiological and scintigraphic studies and HLA type assessment were performed in 38 subjects, constituting all the first-degree members of three generations of the families of six patients affected with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The families included both parents, all siblings and all children of the probands. Definite AS was found in three men and possible AS in another. In another man and in a woman, a diagnosis of asymptomatic bilateral sacroiliitis was made. These six subjects indicate a family prevalence of AS reaching 15.8%. HLA B27 was present in 20 individuals (52.6%), including those with definite and possible AS and the case with asymptomatic sacroiliitis. The woman with asymptomatic sacroiliitis lacked HLA B27 antigen. Our study confirms the familial occurrence of AS, but it shows the occurrence to be lower than that previously reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Perception of light modulation].

A simple method for testing visual sensitivity to flickering light sources is proposed. The method employs a triangular function generator, which modulates the luminance of a chromatic light source. Amplitude and frequency of the triangular pattern are adjusted until the subject perceives a periodic variation of luminance. In normal subjects the maximum sensitivity was found at a frequency modulation of 5-10 Hz. In multiple sclerosis patients the method proved to be more accurate than flicker fusion frequency in revealing subclinical damage of the visual pathway.

Flicker Fusion↗
PubMed1983

The orbicularis oculi response after hemispheral damage.

The corneal and blink reflexes were evaluated in 20 normal subjects and in 30 patients with motor deficits secondary to unilateral hemispheral lesions of vascular origin. In the normal population there were no differences between subjects below and subjects above 50 years of age. In the patients the reflex evoked by electrical stimulation of the cornea of the clinically affected side was depressed in 24 out of 30 cases. The depression mainly affected the afferent branch of the circuit, which triggers both homolateral and contralateral orbicularis oculi discharge (afferent abnormality). In three cases the depression was exerted concomitantly on the efferent branch (afferent and efferent abnormality) and only in one case was it limited to the efferent branch (efferent abnormality). The late R2 component of the blink reflex was depressed in 15 out of 30 patients. The early R1 component was slightly facilitated on the affected side. The changes of the corneal reflex and of the R2 component of blink reflex were similar, but the blink reflex had a greater safety factor. The patients with an abnormal corneal reflex had more extensive damage than had the patients with normal corneal response, as shown by computer tomography, but the site of the lesion was comparable in the two groups. Conduction through the brain stem circuits mediating the orbicularis oculi response is normally under pyramidal facilitatory influences while facial motoneurons are subjected to pyramidal inhibition. After pyramidal damage the transmission of impulses in the brain stem was slowed down, ultimately to a degree that abolished the reflex. Removal of pyramidal inhibition on facial motoneurons is probably the basis of the slight facilitation of the R1 component of the blink reflex.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biliary ileus. A report of 2 cases].

The authors starting from two observed cases of gallstone ileus, describe of these, the pathogenesis, the diagnostic difficulty, and they express their opinion with regard to surgical treatment to execute, related to the data reported by the authors and from their own experience.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intestinal angiodysplasia: diagnosis and therapy].

On the basis of two personal cases of angiodysplasia authors describe this rare pathology and its relative diagnostic difficulties. On the grounds of their experience and the international literature on this pathology, authors considered the angiography as the selected method for the diagnosis of intestinal angiodysplasia, and they consider surgical therapy as the best curative method for this pathology.

Adult↗