We have recently derived a series of cloned cell lines displaying natural killer (NK) cell-like activity from normal human fetal blood (25 weeks). The lines were obtained after repeated stimulation of mononuclear cells with allogeneic Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B lymphocytes and are interleukin-2 (IL-2) dependent. Initial characterization of the clones has been reported previously. Certain of these clones have been found to have unusual surface characteristics, namely, they are recognized by several well-defined anti-T3 antibodies, but do not react with WT31, which is thought to recognise an invariant epitope of the human (Ti-alpha beta) structure. Transcription of the genes encoding the alpha- and beta-chains of the T-cell receptor was assessed in two of these clones (F6A4 and F6C7). Ti-beta genes were found to be expressed, whereas alpha messenger RNA was not detected in Northern blot analysis. These data strongly suggest that these cells do not produce a stoichiometric T3/Ti-alpha beta receptor complex. However, experiments performed with a monoclonal antibody (anti-NKFi) developed against F6C7 cells demonstrated the existence of a unique clonotypic structure [relative molecular mass (Mr) 85,000 (85K)] which is surface-associated with T3 proteins. Furthermore, both anti-T3 and anti-NKFi were found to block cytotoxic effector function. Together, the results support the view that T3 proteins are involved in non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted cytotoxic reactions mediated by certain circulating fetal lymphocytes which are likely to use a clonotypic structure distinct from both the 'first' (alpha beta) and the putative 'second' (gamma delta) T-cell receptor to recognize their target. The present studies were designed to characterize this structure.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

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A gamma-chain complex forms a functional receptor on cloned human lymphocytes with natural killer-like activity.

We have recently derived from human fetal blood (25 wks) a series of cloned cell lines that were selected for their ability to kill the conventional natural killer (NK) target cell K562. It was found that a fraction of these clones express CD3 proteins but not the monomorphic Ti alpha beta determinant recognized by WT31 antibody. One interleukin-2-dependent CD3+ WT31- clone, termed F6C7, was used for immunization of mice to generate monoclonal antibodies directed at a potentially novel recognition receptor. It was shown that F6C7 cells, which transcribe Ti beta but not Ti alpha genes, surface-express a clonotypic structure, termed NKFi. Immunoprecipitations performed with anti-NKFi monoclonal antibody (mAb) indicated that the corresponding molecule is resolved in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) as a single band of relative molecular mass approximately 85,000 (Mr approximately 85K). After reduction, a major band was detected at 44K and a faint band was present at 41K. The present study was designed to characterize this structure. It was found that NKFi represents either two 44K disulphide-linked gamma (TCR) chains, or possibly one gamma chain associated to an additional undetected molecule, and that the 41K material corresponds to a partially glycosylated fraction of the gamma protein. Anti-NKFi mAb both induces a specific autocrine proliferative response and blocks cytotoxic function, demonstrating that gamma chains serve as functional receptor structures on subpopulations of normal human lymphocytes.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMedDate not supplied