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Biomedical subjects

F Fawaz

Publications and source records attributed to F Fawaz.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Corynebacterium diphtheriae osteomyelitis in an immunocompetent child: a case report.

UNLABELLED: Septic osteomyelitis of the hip in a previously healthy child is described. A weakly toxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae strain was isolated from the bone aspirate. The results of the treatment were rapidly satisfactory, after surgical drainage and antibiotic therapy with pristinamycin. CONCLUSION: This case report shows that C. diphtheriae has not disappeared in the developed world and can be responsible of systemic infections.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1993

Influence of poly(DL-lactide) nanocapsules on the biliary clearance and enterohepatic circulation of indomethacin in the rabbit.

Following intravenous administration, the uptake of colloidal drug carriers by cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system, mainly the Kuppfer cells, may concentrate an encapsulated drug close to the liver parenchymal cells and facilitate its biliary excretion and enterohepatic circulation. To test this hypothesis indomethacin was administered (10 mg/kg) in four groups of 10 rabbits each by intravenous infusion at a constant rate over 2 hr, either in its free form (aqueous solution) or as nanocapsules prepared from preformed poly(DL-lactide). Unchanged drug was assayed in plasma of the two control (sham-operated) groups and in both plasma and bile of the two bile-cannulated groups. Pharmacokinetic analysis led to the conclusion that the uptake of nanocapsules by liver macrophages reduces the concentration of the drug by enhancing its total clearance. This enhancement was due to an increase in biliary clearance, as a result of parallel increases in bile concentration and biliary excretion of the drug. It was also demonstrated that nanocapsules enhance the enterohepatic circulation of indomethacin.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Skin absorption promotors].

Transdermal penetration of drugs is currently much studied because it presents several attractive aspects, avoiding first past effects and offering means of immediate breaking of the therapeutic in case of hitch. But it must overcome the very efficient hindrance of the epidermal barrier. Few among the molecules have prerequisite structural and pharmacodynamical aspects necessary to this way of penetration. Substances belonging to diverse chemical families enhance sometimes largely this passage; they are named "penetration enhancers". In this review are listed the ideal properties of enhancers, the chemical structure of the currently more used ones, the possible interaction with other components of the formula in the case of TTS and towards the patient.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1988

Actinomycin synthesis in Streptomyces antibioticus. Purification and properties of a 3-hydroxyanthranilate 4-methyltransferase.

A methyltransferase, which utilizes 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (HAA) as a substrate, has been purified to near homogeneity from 30-36-h mycelium of the bacterium Streptomyces antibioticus. The enzyme was obtained in approximately 20% yield with a purification of 130-fold. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturing conditions indicates that the enzyme is composed of a single subunit with Mr of about 36,000. On chromatography in 0.5 M NaCl, the enzyme displays a molecular weight of about 37,000. The specific activity of the enzyme in S. antibioticus mycelium is maximal between 30 and 36 h following inoculation of galactose/glutamic acid medium and, at those times post-inoculation, the specific activity is essentially the same in extracts of mycelium obtained from cultures grown on glucose rather than galactose as the carbon source. The enzyme activity is stimulated by Na2EDTA (in crude extracts) and by 2-mercaptoethanol and the methyltransferase shows a strong preference for HAA as substrate as compared with a number of HAA analogs. Thin layer chromatography of ethyl acetate extracts of large-scale incubation mixtures confirms that the product of the reaction is 4-methyl-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid. The reaction product was also a substrate for phenoxazinone synthase and was incorporated into actinomycin by S. antibioticus mycelium. Kinetic parameters for the methyltransferase reaction was determined.

Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Zinc deficiency in surgical patients: a clinical study.

Four stressed surgical patients who had different diseases are presented. They had dermatitis associated with low serum zinc levels but were not on total parenteral nutrition. The range of serum zinc varied between 25 and 56 mu/dl when first seen. All but one had hypoalbuminemia and anemia; one patient had diarrhea. When measured, other microelements were normal. These patients were thought to have zinc deficiency and all their symptoms responded favorably to oral zinc and nutritional support. A highlight of previous reported cases of zinc deficiency is presented along with a brief review of the subject. Acute stress including major operations will decrease the serum zinc level temporarily. Zinc deficiency may be the result of chronic zinc depletion caused by other conditions. Chronic leg ulcers are associated with low serum zinc levels and might precipitate zinc selectively. A zinc supplement will help in the healing of these ulcers and wounds in general. The possibility of an interrelationship of zinc and other microelements is raised but is not clear.

Aged↗