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Biomedical subjects

F Fidanza

Publications and source records attributed to F Fidanza.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Vitamin nutritional status and immunocompetence of elderly in Perugia (Italy): an epidemiological approach.

The influence of the vitamin nutritional status on the immunocompetence of a group of elderly people in the city of Perugia has been investigated. The impairment of some immunological (humoral as well as innate and acquired cell-mediated) functions seemed to be mostly related to age. Statistically significant correlations between the complement component C4 and plasma levels of retinol as well as alpha-tocopherol and an inverse correlation between titers of IgG and plasma retinol have been observed (significance level alpha = 5%).

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Nutritional status of the elderly V). Dietary and biochemical data and anthropometry of noninstitutionalized elderly in Perugia at the eleventh year follow-up.

The nutritional status of 93 noninstitutionalized elderly of the city of Perugia, mostly of them examined longitudinally, was assessed at the eleventh year follow-up. Diet is still rather rich and unbalanced. Alcohol intake in men is very high. Biological dietary errors have an impact on the nutritional status, particularly for folates, of the individual. But in this regard it is interesting to note that in some cases vitamin and mineral nutriture has improved at this follow-up. In addition the distribution of malnutrition is rather different from that of the previous follow-up. As on previous occasions, no correlation was observed between vitamin intake and corresponding nutritional status (with the exception of riboflavin). Obesity is rather common among women; men present a higher muscular area and hand muscular strength. The clinical evaluation of nutritional status evidences principally changes which are mostly ascribable to old age. Among the pathologies, chronic ischemic heart disease, hypertension, chronic respiratory diseases, osteoarthrosis and diabetes occur most frequently.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Twenty-five-year mortality from coronary heart disease and its prediction in five cohorts of middle-aged men in Finland, The Netherlands, and Italy.

Five cohorts of men ages 40-59 (Finland: 2 cohorts of 1,677 men; Netherlands: 1 cohort of 878 men; Italy: 2 cohorts of 1,712 men) were examined and evaluated for cardiovascular risk factors in 1959-1960 and subsequently followed-up for mortality over the next 25 years. Age-adjusted death rates from coronary heart disease were highest in Finland (244 per 1,000), intermediate in The Netherlands (195 per 1,000), and lowest in Italy (122 per 1,000) with a twofold range between the extremes. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for single cohorts and for the pools of national cohorts with coronary heart disease deaths as endpoints and 12 risk factors as covariates. It showed the significant and almost universal predictive value of these factors (with some rare exceptions). The most highly predictive values were age, blood pressure, total serum cholesterol, cigarette smoking, and physical activity (negative relationship). The prediction of events within each country using the risk function of the others produced errors ranging from -19% to +51%. The largest errors were those involving the Italian cohorts whose experience tended to underpredict coronary heart disease mortality elsewhere and to be overpredicted by the risk functions of the other countries. Solving a Cox model which included all the cohorts, and adding dummy variables for the identification of nationality, it appears that the relative risk, everything else being equal, is 1.49 and 1.34 for a Finnish man, compared with Italian and Dutch men, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Twenty-year stroke mortality and prediction in twelve cohorts of the Seven Countries Study.

Twelve cohorts of men aged 40-59 for a total of 8287 individuals in six countries (Finland, the Netherlands, Italy, Yugoslavia, Greece and Japan) were examined in the late 1950s or early 1960s for the measurement of some risk factors and then followed up for mortality and causes of death through 20 years. Large differences in 20-year death rates from stroke were recorded among cohorts, with the highest levels in the pool of the Yugoslavia (67 per 1000) and Japanese cohorts (62 per 1000) and the lowest in the Dutch cohort (22 per 1000). The simple linear correlation (among cohorts) of stroke mortality on mean levels at entry of some factors showed inverse significant coefficients for systolic (-0.63) diastolic (-0.51) and mean blood pressure (-0.72), and for serum cholesterol (-0.72), whereas no significant coefficients were found for mean body mass index, mean cigarette consumption and mean physical activity. The Cox model solved for six national pools of cohorts showed that only age and mean blood pressure carry significant positive coefficients, whereas all the other available factors (cigarette consumption, serum cholesterol, body mass index, physical activity) did not approach significant levels except the negative coefficients of smoking habits in Greece.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Influence of dietary intake of energy and carbohydrate on the proportion of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in adipose tissue of middle aged men.

The fatty acid composition of subcutaneous tissue has been determined in a population sample of apparently healthy middle aged men from Southern Italy. Dietary appraisal has been carried out by evaluating the usual pattern of food consumption during the year preceding the interview. The whole population sample was subdivided into three tertiles on the basis of the energy intake by the different individuals. The proportion of adipose tissue polyunsaturated fatty acids was relatively low in the high energy tertile III and high in the low energy tertile reflecting parallel differences in the intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids (mainly oleic acid) was relatively high (p less than 0.01) and that of saturated fatty acids (mainly palmitic acid) relatively low (p less than 0.05) in the high energy tertile (III) as compared to the low energy tertile (I); these differences were independent of the amount and type of dietary fatty acids. Total energy was positively correlated (r = .87, p less than 0.01) to carbohydrate intake (g/day). Dietary carbohydrates (g/day) were inversely related to adipose tissue saturated fatty acids (r = -.40, p less than 0.001) and directly correlated to adipose tissue monounsaturated fatty acids (p = .40, p less than 0.001). Carbohydrate intake was related to adipose tissue monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids independently of daily energy intake. On the other hand when the influence of dietary carbohydrates was eliminated, no correlation was detectable any longer between energy intake and adipose tissue fatty acids.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1990

[Total parenteral nutrition in patients undergoing total gastrectomy in cancer of the stomach. A clinical study].

Total gastrectomy is the elective therapy for gastric cancer, but anastomotic dehiscences often improve the results of this surgery, performed in patients with malnutrition due to the neoplasy. The authors present a group of 27 patients treated with total gastrectomy and a routine postoperative TPN; the incidence of dehiscences and postoperative complications is very low. The preoperative evaluation of surgical risk and the choice of pre- and/or postoperative, parenteral and/or enteral nutritional therapy, are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Anastomotic dehiscence in colorectal surgery and the total parenteral nutrition. A clinical study].

After analysing previous investigations into the incidence of anastomotic dehiscence in colorectal surgery, the paper reports experience with a group of 27 patients treated by a "routine"-TPN after major surgery. In addition, a second group of 67 patients, treated by TPN alone after a postoperative complication, was included in this study. The results show the utility of TPN in the prevention or faster healing of anastomotic dehiscences.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1989

Plasma vitamin E, apolipoprotein B and HDL-cholesterol in middle-aged men from southern Italy.

Plasma vitamin E, HDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and triglycerides were measured in an apparently healthy, male, random population sample (n = 74) from Southern Italy. Plasma vitamin E concentration was positively correlated to that of serum cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and apolipoprotein B (all P less than 0.001). The results of partial correlation analysis showed that apo B, the apolipoprotein constituent of LDL, was related to vitamin E independently of serum triglycerides, a fairly accurate marker of VLDL. On the other hand, triglycerides were related to vitamin E independently of apo B. Both correlations were much weaker if an adjustment was performed for non-HDL-cholesterol. No independent relationship was demonstrated between plasma vitamin E and HDL-cholesterol.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Food consumption patterns in the 1960s in seven countries.

At the end of the 1950s the Seven Countries Study was designed to investigate the relations between diet and cardiovascular diseases. Sixteen cohorts were selected in Finland, Greece, Italy, Japan, The Netherlands, United States, and Yugoslavia. During the 1960s food consumption data were collected from random samples of these cohorts by use of the record method. In Finland the intake of milk, potatoes, edible fats, and sugar products was very high. A similar but lower intake pattern was observed in The Netherlands. Fruit, meat, and pastry consumption was high in the United States; cereal and alcoholic drink consumption was high in Italy; and bread consumption high in Yugoslavians except for those in Belgrade. In Greece the intake of olive oil and fruit was high and the Japanese cohorts were characterized by a high consumption of fish, rice, and soy products. These differences in food consumption patterns have lessened during the past 25 y.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Diet and 20-y mortality in two rural population groups of middle-aged men in Italy.

The relationships between individual diet, measured in 1965 on the two Italian rural cohorts of the Seven Countries Study on Cardiovascular Disease, and subsequent mortality from all and specific causes of death in 20 y are studied. The analysis covers 1536 men aged 45-64 y at entry to the study. By using a cluster analysis technique, individuals are aggregated into four groups so that the elements within a group have a higher degree of similarity in dietary nutrients than between groups. Impressive differences in death rates between groups are found especially at the 10- and 15-y anniversaries. The relative risk between the least and the most favored group in 15-y mortality from coronary heart disease is 4.7; in 10 y the relative risk for cancer mortality is 2.9 and for liver cirrhosis approximately 4.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Seven Countries Study. First 20-year mortality data in 12 cohorts of six countries.

Out of the original 16 cohorts in the Seven Countries Study on Cardiovascular Diseases, 12 population samples in six countries have reached the 20 year follow-up deadline. Data on mortality became fully available for a total of 8287 men aged 40-59 at entry examination (two cohorts in Finland, one in the Netherlands, three in Italy, two in Yugoslavia, two in Greece, and two in Japan). Death rates from CHD as well as from all causes follow the traditional falling north to south trend (18 fold between the extremes for CHD; 2.7 fold for total mortality). The differences in all causes mortality are, however, largely accounted for by the variation in CHD mortality. The mean entry levels of serum cholesterol and representative levels of the consumption of saturated fats, mono-unsaturated fats, poly-unsaturated fats and carbohydrates explain a large proportion of inter-cohort difference in CHD mortality (81% for saturated fats). By applying the proportional hazards model to the pools of national cohorts, with CHD deaths as end-point and five risk factors as covariates, only age and mean blood pressure are universally significant predictors of fatal events. Cholesterol, smoking habits, body mass index and physical activity play some part but not in all the pools. Age and mean blood pressure are also the only universal risk factors for all causes of death.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Comparison of methods for thiamin and riboflavin nutriture in man.

Thiamin and riboflavin nutriture were assessed in 127 apparently healthy individuals aged between 20 and 82 yr, living in small villages near the town of Gubbio. The methods of erythrocyte transketolase activity and HPLC determination of thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) for thiamin and erythrocyte glutathione reductase and HPLC determination of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) for riboflavin were used. A significant correlation between enzymatic and HPLC methods was found. This was not the case for the correlation between status test and vitamin intake, particularly for thiamin. The vitamer determination in blood by HPLC can be considered a reliable, fast and reasonably accurate method for long-term thiamin and riboflavin nutritional status assessment.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Diet of two rural population groups of middle-aged men in Italy.

In 1965 a dietary survey with use of the dietary history method was carried out among 1536 middle-aged men from two rural areas of Italy, Crevalcore in the North and Montegiorgio in the Center, in connection with the Seven Countries Study on the epidemiology of cardiovascular diseases. In general the diet, while rather heterogeneous across individuals, was typically Mediterranean, that is rich in cereals, vegetables, fruits and vegetable oils, particularly olive oil and moderate in animal products. Intake of alcoholic beverages, mostly wine, was rather high. There were some differences between the two areas in consumption of some food-items such as milk, meat, fruits, sugar and cakes, pies and cookies. The dietary history method, as used here, was validated concurrently on a subsample by the 3-day weighing method and chemical analyses of 3-day food composites, with satisfactory results.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Nutritional status of a group of institutionalized elderly people in Perugia (Italy).

In this group of institutionalized elderly people the anthropometry and body composition situation is much better than that observed in a noninstitutionalized group examined longitudinally on a previous occasion. On the other hand, as expected, indices of physical activity are lower. The diet is in general satisfactory, considering the very low physical activity of those individuals. Only a few foods and nutrients show marginal low intakes (fish, eggs and legumes; lipids, iron, thiamin and vitamin A).

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Adipose tissue fatty acids and blood pressure in middle-aged men from southern Italy.

Adipose tissue (AT) biopsies were performed in a random population sample of 74 clinically healthy middle-aged men (40-49 years) from southern Italy. The percentage of saturated fatty acids (FA) in AT was directly correlated with systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (p less than 0.01). This relationship was independent of smoking habit and body weight. AT of men in the upper DBP quintile (range 90-102 mmHg) was significantly richer in palmitic acid (p less than 0.01) compared to that of men in the lowest DBP quintile. Dietary history demonstrated that the overall intake of saturated fat (% energy) was similar in the two extreme DBP quintiles. There was a relatively higher consumption of fish by those in the lowest DBP quintile (p less than 0.05). The amount of monounsaturated fat consumed (% energy) was also higher (p less than 0.05) in men with low blood pressure. Men in the upper quintile of DBP consumed more eggs (p less than 0.05).

Adipose Tissue↗