Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to F Foster.
Conscious sedation is becoming more prevalent for patients undergoing therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. Learn how to revise your conscious sedation guidelines to provide a consistent standard of care for all units--including clinical, environmental, and staff-related requirements.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hypothesis that pre-eclampsia is associated with a common insertion-deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene. DESIGN: Seventy-two women with pre-eclampsia and 83 normotensive pregnant women participated in the study. Pre-eclampsia was defined as a blood pressure exceeding 140/90 mm Hg in a previously normotensive woman, associated with proteinuria in excess of 300 mg/l in a 24 h collection. Samples for fetal genotyping were available from 66 pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia and 79 normotensive pregnancies. METHODS: Maternal and fetal samples were genotyped at the insertion-deletion (I-D) polymorphism in intron 16 of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene by the polymerase chain reaction followed by agarose electrophoresis. RESULTS: Neither the I-D genotype distributions nor the allele frequencies differed significantly between pre-eclamptic and normotensive pregnancies in maternal or fetal samples (phi2 <0.3, not significant). The odds ratio for pre-eclampsia in women with the DD genotype, compared with the ID and II genotype, was 1.09 (95% confidence interval 0.55-2.16). The odds ratio associated with the DD genotype in the fetus was 1.14 (0.56-2.32). CONCLUSION: This study has found no evidence that the insertion-deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is associated with pre-eclampsia.
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Cancer patterns in the Polynesian population of Hawaii and New Zealand were compared with their European counterparts and with the Polynesian population of Samoa. In general, the cancer patterns of the Polynesians are similar; rates are higher for stomach, breast, lung, prostate, and liver cancers and lower for colon and rectal cancers. Cigarette smoking may explain most, if not all, of the lung cancer excess in Polynesians. However, no clear dietary differences between Polynesians and Europeans are evident that could explain the high risk of the former population to stomach cancer and of the Europeans to colon and rectal cancers.
In 1976, a question regarding cigarette smoking was included in the New Zealand national census. Preliminary results from a 10% sample show that of the 2.2 million persons surveyed aged 15 years and over, 97.2% answered the question. Of each 100 males, 38 reported they had never smoked regularly, 22 were former smokers, and 40 were current smokers. In each 100 females, 57 had never smoked regularly, 12 were former smokers, and 31 were current smokers. The age and sex of all respondents, their cigarette smoking status, and the number of cigarettes smoked by current smokers on the day before the census were determined. A cigarette smoking question has now been incorporated in the New Zealand standard cancer notification form. Standardized rates for cancer of selected sites were determined for Maoris and non-Maoris. During the 25-year period from 1949-73, the incidence of malignant melanoma of the skin in non-Maoris increased markedly. In females aged 45-54 and in males 55-64 years, the age-specific rates increased almost sixfold. The increases for other age-groups, although substantial, have not been as large. Between 1958 and 1974, threefold increases in standardized incidence rates have been reported for cancer of the lung in Maori males and females and in non-Maori females, but for non-Maori males the rates have less than doubled.
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Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Cystic fibrosis is a chronic, life-threatening inherited disease which poses severe physical, psychological and social problems for the sufferer and his or her family. Frances Duncan-Skingle and Fiona Foster present an overview of recent developments in the clinical management of this distressing condition.