PubMed HealthSearch

Biomedical subjects

F Frühwald

Publications and source records attributed to F Frühwald.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

[The ultrasonic diagnosis of an ulnar nerve lesion in the sulcus area].

The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in ulnar nerve irritation syndrome was evaluated. 7 patients were examined and compared to a control group of 5 healthy persons. We correlated pathological changes with clinical signs and symptoms, nerve conduction velocity and with the operation report. Ultrasound yielded no false negative or false positive results and is therefore a valuable method for the evaluation of the ulnar nerve irritation syndrome especially in cases of vague localisation of the nerve lesion.

Adult

[The diagnostic value of scintigraphy and x-rays in unclear arthralgias of the hands].

33 patients presenting with arthralgia of wrists and finger joints were examined by radionuclide imaging and radiography. In 22 patients clinical symptoms turned out to be caused by inflammation, 11 patients suffered from degenerative joint disorder. Radionuclide imaging proved once more to be nonspecific albeit very sensitive; plain film radiography exhibited good specificity. The combination of both methods resulted in an increase in accuracy as compared to scintiphotography alone (0.88 vs. 0.79). Radionuclide imaging and radiography should therefore always be done and interpreted simultaneously. Radionuclide imaging is mandatory to confirm or to rule out inflammatory joint disorder in case of an inconclusive x-ray (absence of erosions or degenerative changes). A negative radionuclide study rules out inflammation, even when juxta-articular demineralisation is suspected on the x-ray.

Adult

[Taybi-Rubinstein syndrome: the value of the x-ray picture].

28 cases of Taybi-Rubinstein syndrome with different radiological appearances are presented along with radiological differential diagnosis. Broadening of the distal phalanx of the thumb (68%) and great toe (64%) was the most common radiological sign followed by incomplete fissures of the distal phalanges of the thumb and first toes. Radiological examination in association with clinical signs and laboratory investigations is an essential part in the diagnosis of the Taybi-Rubinstein syndrome.

Abnormalities, Multiple

[Magnetic resonance tomography of the craniocervical junction in chronic polyarthritis].

Magnetic resonance imaging and conventional radiographs and tomograms were correlated in 61 patients with chronic polyarthritis. Radiographs of the occipito-cervical junction only demonstrated bone lesions, erosions were detected on conventional tomograms. MRI was adequate for demonstration of bone abnormalities and soft tissue lesion and was especially suitable for detection of complications at the cervical spinal cord.

Adult

[Space-occupying lesions of the pineal region in magnetic resonance tomography].

Preoperative CT and MRI studies of 24 patients with space-occupying lesions of the pineal region were analysed. MRI demonstrated all 24 lesions, whereas CT could detect only 20 out of 24. MRI was superior to CT in assessment of size, localisation and relation to adjacent structures. No significant difference was found between CT and MRI in preoperative prediction of tumour histology.

Brain Neoplasms

[Incidence and clinical importance of chronic reactive periosteal new bone formation in the cervical region in patients with differing neurologic symptomatology].

81 patients classed into three groups with clinical evidence of neurological symptoms and posttraumatic pain of the cervical spine and the incidence of degenerative disorders were studied noninvasively via CT scanning. Imaging of osseous structures in the axial plane by CT was excellent in all cases, even in the lower part of the cervical spine where soft-tissue discrimination is often impossible because of shoulder artifacts. In about half of the patients with nerve-root symptomatology as well as with signs of involvement of long tracts, narrowing of the foramen intervertebral, respectively of the spinal tract, was seen, attributable to degenerative osseous apposition with excellent clinical segmental and (according to radicular symptoms) side correlation. In contrast to these results the group of patients with posttraumatic clinical symptoms showed almost 50 per cent less preexisting degenerative disorders of the cervical spine. In conclusion, we assume that high-grade osseous appositions of the dorsal part of the vertebral body play an important role in the development of radicular symptomatology and cervical myelopathy, respectively. Hypertrophic changes of the processus articularis with narrowing of the spinal canal occurred in 14 per cent and were therefore of minor clinical significance.

Cervical Vertebrae

Sonoanatomy of the muscles of facial expression.

Primary anatomic studies served for identification and differentiation of the individual mimetic muscles. As a second step, we investigated the clinical potential of ultrasound imaging to visualize the mimetic musculature in 15 volunteers. This examination technique was used to diagnose pathological alterations, especially associated with facial palsy. The excellent sonographic visualization of the mimetic musculature indicates that this technique may be a valuable adjunct in the diagnosis and differentiation of facial palsy, as well as in planning plastic surgery and reconstructive procedures, and in follow-up care.

Adolescent

[Quantitative evaluation of knee joint effusions with high resolution real-time sonography].

In three human cadaver specimens an intraarticular effusion of the knee was simulated by injecting sodium chloride in 10 ml portions. The sonographic appearance and quantification as well as the location of the fluid were evaluated. Effusions of the knee joint are a principal sign for many diseases. Their sonographic evaluation is easy and provides valuable clinical information.

Humans

[Synthetic ultrasound blocks and contact gels in sonography: hygienically satisfactory?].

Different sponge-like plastic blocks and several samples of two coupling gels used during small-parts real-time sonography were investigated microbiologically. Whereas the coupling gels showed no contamination a great deal of different bacteria could be found on the plastic blocks. These findings lead to a restricted use of those devices especially when investigating immunocompromised patients. Sufficient procedures of decontamination do not exist. Because of the relative high purchase cost the one-way use of plastic blocks is uneconomical.

Bacteria

[Sonography of benign skin tumors].

Evaluation of 62 pigmented skin tumors of unknown pathology showed that benign and malignant tumors can easily be separated. Benign skin tumors have many internal echoes whereas malignant melanomas show an almost echo-free structure. Superficial spreading melanomas (SSM) and very flat benign tumors were both recorded as thin echogenic layers. It is not possible to differentiate them by US. Real time US is a simple non stressful, reproducible procedure that should be established as a routine diagnostic tool in dermatology.

Adult

[Focal fatty deposits in spinal bone marrow--MR findings. MRI of focal fatty deposits].

MR tomograms of the spines of 121 patients were reviewed in order to assess the incidence and distribution of focal fat deposits in axial bone marrow. In addition, three cadaver spines were examined and cut with a band saw for macroscopic and histologic correlation. Yellow areas, histologically representing fatty replacement of hematopoetic marrow, were found macroscopically; their location was in precise correspondence to areas of focal enhanced signal intensity on T1-WI as well as T2-WI. The incidence of those focal fat spots was related to age, but not to sex; in different diseases like scoliosis, porosis and after cytostatic therapy of different malignomas they were found more frequently than in the average of the sample. Focal fatty replacement of hematopoetic bone marrow is obviously a normal phenomenon and should not be misinterpreted as a pathologic condition.

Bone Marrow Diseases

[Sonography of the Achilles tendon and its bursa].

Pain and disturbed function in the sole of the foot leads to damage of the tendo Achilles and to abnormalities in its vicinity. They are frequent consequences of some sporting activities (jogging). Differentiation between bursitis, fat necrosis, degenerative changes in tendons and their rupture and from abnormalities of the ankle joint is important for treatment. In the symptomatic patients whom we examined, the bursa was involved in 72.9% and lesions of the tendo Achilles were found in 62.1%.

Achilles Tendon

[Color-coded Doppler sonography of the carotid arteries].

Doppler colour flow imaging provides colour-coded visualisation of blood flow additional to the B-mode image. In this study, the carotid arteries of 92 patients were examined comparing duplex sonography with Doppler colour flow imaging. Efficiency of these methods was evaluated by angiography in 16 patients. Examination time was shorter by using Doppler colour flow imaging; evaluation of haemodynamics and anatomical changes was simplified.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases

[Color-coded Doppler sonography of kidney transplants].

A prospective study was carried out in 81 patients to compare the ability of colour coded Doppler sonography (angiodynography) and Tc bolus examination for demonstrating renal blood supply. In patients with normal transplant function both methods performed equally well. In anuric patients angiodynography was superior to the Tc bolus examination: In three cases angiodynography was able to provide important additional information such as absence of blood flow in peripheral intrarenal vessels or missing blood supply of a transplant pole. Angiodynography seems to be able to replace the Tc bolus examination; this statement excludes very obese patients until low-frequency probes for angiodynography will be available.

Anuria

[Color-coded Doppler sonography in thyroid diseases: initial experiences].

The thyroid gland was investigated in 43 persons (12 healthy volunteers, 31 patients with diseases of the thyroid gland) with a new colour Doppler system (angiodynography). In euthyroid persons (normal thyroid gland, diffuse or multinodular goitre) only a few vessels were detected. In cases with Graves' disease however, hypervascularization was evident. Autonomous adenomas had a hypervascular periphery, whereas our two carcinomas showed a high vascularisation in the nodule. Angiodynography might become an important diagnostic tool for the evaluation of thyroid glands. The number of radionuclide studies and punctures might be limited.

Color

Photogrammetry of the muscles of facial expression.

The present study has attempted to determine the volume, square measure as well as length, width and thickness of the individual muscles of facial expression by photogrammetry. 15 fresh male head specimens were employed for a careful dissection of muscle layers. The volume was measured using the immersion procedure. The mean values of each parameter together with the standard deviation were summarized. The results suggest that this novelty in the representation of the mimetic muscles will facilitate the planning of corrective interventions in plastic surgery. Moreover, photogrammetry offers additional information on the required size and measurements of donor muscles.

Aged