Interview with Faye G. Abdellah on nursing research and health policy.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to F G Abdellah.
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Advanced practice nurses are increasing in number. Such nurses include the nurse practitioner, clinical nurse specialist, nurse anesthetist, and nurse midwife. The roles of nurse practitioners and clinical nurse specialists have been recommended by the American Nurses Association to merge. The frustrations related to this merger are identified, and strategies are proposed to resolve them. Examples of military, civilian, and international models are provided.
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The passage of individual state nurse practice acts in the 1900s sharpened and focused attention on the practice and function of professional nurses. However, this had little effect on increasing the demand for nurses. In the 1930s student nurses were in ample supply. They staffed units in hospitals, and seniors served as charge or head nurses. It was World War II when one finally began to see the theme of nursing shortage emerge with a vengeance. The demand far exceeded the supply, creating a severe imbalance. The intervening next 4 decades brought forth many excellent models to minimize the shortage. Even the federal government contributed to the nursing shortage by offering opportunities for better-educated practitioners, teachers, and supervisors. Thus, as the nurse became better prepared, the demand for services increased. Several milestone studies are referenced during the 1970s and 1980s that attempted to balance the nursing shortage equation. The US objectives for the year 2000 provide specific guidelines as to what demands will be placed upon the nurse practitioner and educator. Can we meet those demands? Yes--with the full utilization of information technology to prepare the student and nurse practitioner to take advantage of this enormous information explosion. Will the nursing shortage continue to be a recurring theme? Yes! As nurses become better educated and ready for practice and patient-client problem solving, and as they provide strong voices in health policy formulation, the demands for their services will continue to far exceed the supply.
The impact of health policies on the delivery of health services to the elderly must be considered a high priority by public policy makers. Incontinence is symptomatic of a major health policy crisis in the care of the elderly.
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In this review of disease classification schemes, the authors argue that the recently promulgated diagnosis related groups (DRGs) method of reimbursing Medicare patient care is the culmination of a tradition with antecedents going back thousands of years. They describe the historical development of disease classification schemes, beginning with ancient pathological descriptions corresponding to modern disease classification, attempts in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries to gather statistical information on mortality to better understand the causes of death, and the activity leading to the development of the International Classification of Diseases, on which the DRG methodology is based. The authors then review 20th-century attempts to estimate nursing requirements by relating disease classification schemes to patient care needs.
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