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Biomedical subjects

F G Hayhoe

Publications and source records attributed to F G Hayhoe.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A case of erythroleukaemia with homogeneously staining regions on chromosomes.

A case of erythroleukaemia with homogeneously staining regions on chromosomes is described. The number of chromosomes in bone marrow cells varied from 41 to 46 with a mode of 43. A variety of structural and numerical chromosomal abnormalities was observed. Two marker chromosomes with homogeneously staining regions were found in all aneuploid cells examined. Intensive chemotherapy failed to induce a remission and the patient died 3.9 months after diagnosis. The relation of the homogeneously staining regions on chromosomes to the two courses of chemotherapy prior to cytogenetic study is discussed.

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PubMed1983

5'-nucleotidase activity in myeloma cells.

Plasma cells were studied cytochemically for 5'-nucleotidase (5'-N) activity in bone marrow smears from 11 patients with multiple myeloma and 12 cases with no haematological disorders but with adequate numbers of plasma cells. The activity of 5'-N could be demonstrated in about 90% of myelomatous plasma cells. The non-myelomatous plasma cells of control smears were negative for 5'-N activity. The activity of 5'-N did not seem to be affected by storage of unfixed smears for up to 5 months at room temperature.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1983

Correlation between chromosomal pattern, cytological subtypes, response to therapy, and survival in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Chromosomal karyotypes were determined with standard G-banding in 103 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Abnormal clones were present in 52 (50.5%). Higher frequencies of abnormalities were observed in male than in female patients and in erythroleukaemia (EL) than in other subtypes of AML. Abnormalities were more frequent in myeloblastic (AMyL) than in myelomonocytic leukaemias (AMML) and mixtures of both normal and abnormal karyotypes were more common among elderly patients; these differences, though of marginal statistical significance, are consistent with previous reports. 9 of 10 cases with 5 or more aberrant chromosomes and 6 of 8 cases with unidentified marker chromosomes were either AMML or EL. Remission rates, median survivals and relative death rates were collated in 82 patients, in relation to the karyotype patterns NN (all normal), AN (mixed normal and abnormal) and AA (all abnormal). The differences between the groups did not reach statistical significance. Serial cytogenetic studies were performed in 10 patients. New karyotype changes emerged in only 1 of 6 relapses. 4 examples of t(8;21) and 2 of t(15;17) were found. 1 case of AMML showed trisomy 8 and double minute chromosomes. 1 case of EL showed 2 marker chromosomes with homogeneously staining regions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Effects of monoclonal anti-lymphocyte antibodies in vivo in monkeys and humans.

The safety and efficacy in vivo of three rat monoclonal anti-lymphocyte antibodies has been tested in cynomolgus monkeys. One IgM antibody, CAMPATH 1, was found to cause rapid but transient lymphopenia associated with consumption of complement. Two other antibodies with the same specificity, YTH 34.5 (IgG2a) and YTH 86.1 (IgG2c), had little effect. No acute or chronic toxic effects were associated with administration of any of the antibodies. CAMPATH 1 was used in a Phase I clinical trial for immunotherapy of two patients with terminal malignant lymphoid disease. It had no detectable toxic effects although it caused disappearance of circulating lymphocytes and consumption of complement. An inadequate rate of synthesis of complement components was a limitation to therapy in these patients with very large tumour burden, but might not be a major problem if antibody therapy were used at an earlier stage of the disease. CAMPATH 1 may also be useful as an immunosuppressive agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Cytogenetic study in acute myeloid leukaemia using peripheral blood samples sent by post.

The patterns of chromosomal abnormalities in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) revealed by study of peripheral blood specimens (group A) up to seven days old were comparable to the results from fresh bone marrow (group B). However, a decreasing proportion of cases providing enough metaphases for study, an increasing proportion of cases with chromosomal abnormalities, a decreasing ratio AN:AN + AA (see footnote Table 1) and a decreasing percentage of chromosomally normal cells in AN cases were found with ageing of specimens, which clearly demonstrates that cells with a normal karyotype were more likely to lose the capacity for dividing and die off than abnormal ones during ageing of specimens. Since the cells in older specimens were less active in division, a prolonged culture time was used. The different times for the cells from older specimens to re-enter active proliferation in culture conditions appeared to have some cytobiological significance. Three cases with t(8q-; 21q+) were present in group A but none in group B. Two cases of APL both showed a t(15q+; 17q-) and the breakpoints seemed to be at 15q24 and 17q22. One case showed trisomy 8 and double minute chromosomes. The remission rate in AN patients was lower than in AA or NN patients.

Blood Specimen Collection↗
PubMed1981

Chemotherapy in the management of stage III/IV grade 1 non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (Report no 17).

This report describes two comparisons of combination chemotherapy (COP) with chlorambucil in the management of Stages III, IV Grade 1 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The first prospective randomised study was carried out by the BNLI between 1974 and 1976. In 1976, initial analyses of 90 assessable patients indicated that COP was more effective than chlorambucil but it was considered by the BNLI collaborators that chlorambucil should not be discarded because it was not much more acceptable to both patients and doctors. Long-term follow-up of this early trial indicated that the decision not to give up chlorambucil was justified. Examination of the results in 1980, which included 130 assessable cases, showed identical recurrence-free survival rates in the two groups. In the second study starting in 1977, the initial comparison was between chlorambucil and COP, but if progressive improvement was not achieved by three months the patient was regarded as a non-responder and switched to the other arm. Patients were also drawn for maintenance (with chlorambucil) or not at the time for entry into the trial. Analysis of the first 180 patients show similar complete remission rates, actuarial survival rates and recurrence-free survival rates. There seems no advantage in using COP as first-line treatment rather than single agent chlorambucil, provided that non-responders are treated subsequently with combination chemotherapy.

Chlorambucil↗
PubMed1980

Phenotypic characterization of a virus producing line established from a patient with leukaemia/lymphoma: comparison with T-lymphoblastic and myeloblastic lines.

The properties have been studied of a haemic cell line established from a patient with longstanding non-Hodgkin's lymphoma after transformation to acute leukaemia. The cells are EBNA, Fc, C3 and SmIg and Ia-like antigen negative. The continuous in vitro proliferation and karyotype abnormalities suggest malignancy. The cells contain only the lymphoid type of alkaline phosphatase and a high level of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase and as they formed E-rosettes during the first year in culture they may be of T-cell lineage. Since the patients' leukaemic cells have not been studied it is impossible to know whether the cultured cells represent an in vitro proliferation of the patient's malignant cells or an outgrowth of a subpopulation of cells. In the cytoplasm of many cells inclusion bodies containing virus-like particles, similar to those observed in fresh human leukaemia cells, were often seen. As this new virus is biologically active, infection of the cells by virus may explain their continuous proliferation in vitro.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with paraproteinemia but no detectable plasmacytosis: a detailed cytological and immunological study.

A patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia with IgG K paraproteinemia, but no detectable plasmacytosis, is described. The patient was entering a blastic phase at the time of the most detailed studies. Cytological, cytochemical, and ultrastructural studies revealed a mixed myeloid proliferation with granulocytic forms predominating over monocytic elements. A variety of ultrastructural abnormalities, including defective granulation, was observed but no cells with highly developed rough endoplasmic reticulum were observed. Immunological marker studies showed that the mature myeloid cells possessed receptors for the Fc of IgG and weakly expressed the Ia-like P29/34 antigen. The mature myeloid cells also expressed both surface and intracytoplasmic Ig restricted to IgG K, and this IgG K persisted after 4 weeks in culture. A reverse plaque assay showed that the myeloid cells were capable of releasing IgG K in vitro, but studies involving the incorporation of radio-labeled amino acids showed no detectable Ig production by the myeloid cells. The possible interpretations of these data are discussed in some detail in relation to previous reports of paraproteinemia in myeloid proliferative disorders.

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