Biomedical subjects

F G Müller

Publications and source records attributed to F G Müller.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

Moclobemide twice daily in the treatment of major depressive episode: a double-blind, multicenter comparison with different three times daily dosage schedules.

The data on a twice-daily dosage schedule with moclobemide in the treatment of a major depressive episode (MDE) is limited. In this randomized, double-blind, multicenter study, moclobemide, 150 mg twice daily, was compared with two different three times daily regimens with total daily dosages of 300 and 450 mg, respectively, over a 6-week period. Two hundred seventy patients were included, of whom 237 completed the study. The treatment groups were comparable with respect to demographic parameters and severity of depression at baseline. No clear differences between the treatment groups could be shown with respect to response on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), the Zung Self Rating Scale, or the Clinical Global Impression of efficacy and severity. There was, however, a slightly higher response rate with respect to the anxiety/agitation subscale of the HAM-D in the 150-mg twice-daily group. In all groups, there was a marked and comparable response with respect to suicide ideation. There were no marked differences between the groups with respect to the type and frequency of adverse events. Tolerability was rated "good" or "excellent" in 93% of patients, and there was no appreciable change in blood pressure, pulse rate, or body weight in any of the treatment groups over the study period. The three dosage schedules of moclobemide studied are effective and well tolerated in the treatment of patients with MDE. Moclobemide, 150 mg twice daily, is the optimal initial daily dosage schedule.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Moclobemide in continuation treatment of major depressive episodes: an open follow-up study over six months.

This was an open study of moclobemide, 300 to 450 mg daily, as continuation treatment for 18 weeks, after a 6-week randomized, double-blind acute treatment period with moclobemide administered in three different dosage regimens. The primary antidepressant efficacy criterion was the total score on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Secondary efficacy criteria were the total scores on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety and the clinical global impression of illness, severity, and efficacy. The safety of moclobemide was assessed by the type, incidence, and severity of adverse events, as well as changes from baseline in vital signs. Moclobemide as continuation treatment of patients with major depressive episodes and comorbid anxiety was efficacious over a 6-month period. There was some additional antidepressant effect after 6 weeks of acute treatment, especially with respect to treatment response rates. Moclobemide was well tolerated, and no patient's treatment was terminated as the result of adverse events.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

[Effects of a defined infusion of 10% HAES 200/0.5 in the early phase of a septic syndrome on hemodynamic parameters].

In an animal model the hemodynamic effects of three infusions of HES during the early stage of a septic syndrome were examined. In nine pigs with a body weight between 29 and 36 kg a septic syndrome was produced by infusion of E. coli endotoxin. 1, 4 and 7 hours after beginning of the endotoxin infusion 250 ml HES 200/0.5 were infused. After the 1st and 3rd infusion an increase of the cardiac output resulted, which was previously lowered, without changes of the CVP. During normal CO the 2nd infusion shows an increase of CVP and MAP. PWP did not change. The reactions of the hemodynamic parameters can be well explained physiologically. A volume supply at a reduced CO increases the latter without influence of the CVP. Normalized CO before the infusion resulted in a CVP-increase. The PWP is not evaluable under the conditions of an elevated pulmonary resistance, as it exists at the septic syndrome.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[The filter effectiveness of common 15-micron filters (DIN 58362). II: Scanning electron microscopy and roentgen analysis].

When i.v. solutions are used, millions of foreign particles are washed into the organism. Our town studies could recently show that these particles may interact with the organism and thus cause injury. A new method is introduced here (energy dispersive X-ray analysis in scanning electron microscopy, SEM, Jeol 35 CF/EDX, EEDS II Ortec), with which the element combination of foreign particles can be analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. As a first step an analysis of the particulate matter in filtrates of infusion solutions was carried out in the same way, materials used in infusion therapy (e.g. infusion sets, cannulas, etc.) were analyzed. The results show that most of the particulate matter consists of glass from ampoules, plastic materials from infusion sets and rubber from the rubber stoppers of infusion bottles.

Electron Probe Microanalysis↗

PubMed1989

[Particulate contamination of infusion solutions and drug additives within the scope of long-term intensive therapy. 1. Energy dispersion electron images in the scanning electron microscope-REM/EDX].

During use of i.v. solutions, particulate matter may be introduced into the patient. X-ray analyses have shown that the particulate matter consists mainly of glass from ampules, rubber from stoppers of infusion bottles, and plastic from infusion sets. A new method is introduced: scanning electron microscopy-SEM- in combination with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis-EDX. using this technique all foreign particles larger than 0.8 microns can be detected and analyzed in any tissue. Especially in critically ill patients, particularly matter is deposited in the microcirculation of the lung. The particles cause a variety of pathologic changes (formation of thrombi, thromboembolization of the microcirculation, destruction of the vascular endothelium, formation of granulomas and foreign body giant cells). The adult respiratory distress syndrome could be produced or respiratory insufficiency might be aggravated following circulatory shock. It is therefore recommended that terminal in-line filters with small pore sizes be used for all i.v. solutions.

Adult↗

PubMed1989

[Particulate contamination of infusion solutions and drug additives in the framework of long-term intensive therapy. 2. An animal model].

When IV solutions are used, particulate matter may be introduced into the patient. Using X-ray studies we could demonstrate particulate matter consisting mainly of glass from ampules, rubber from rubber stoppers of infusion bottles, and plastic material from IV sets. With a recently introduced method of back-scatter pictures in scanning electron microscopy combined with X-ray studies--Jeol 35 CF/EEDS II Ortec (REM EDX)--we analyzed this phenomenon using an animal model (rabbit). It appears that particulate matter is deposited in the interstitial lung tissue and especially the pulmonary microcirculation. Pathogenetic effects could also be demonstrated (formation of thrombi, etc.).

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Filtering effectiveness of conventional 15 m micron filters (DIN 58362) and newly developed 15 m micron and 5 m micron filters. I: Particle count].

When i.v. solutions are used, a considerable amount of particulate matter is washed into the patient. This particulate matter consists mainly of glass from ampoules, plastic materials from infusion sets, rubber from the rubber stoppers of infusion bottles and various materials, partly derived from the manufacturing process of the solutions. A new method of particle counting is introduced here (modified thrombocyte counter, Becton Dickinson), whereby particulate matter (less than 2 microns, greater 0.8 microns) could be counted for the first time. Using this counting method, the efficiency of the standard filtration (DIN 58362) was tested. Also tested were 2 new final filtration systems (with 15 microns and 5 microns pore-size). All 3 filtration methods were shown to be ineffective; especially small particles (less than 2 microns) cannot be eliminated by these filtration methods.

Drug Contamination↗

PubMed1988

Subtypes in major depression without melancholia.

Using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM III, 1980) criteria to diagnose major depression without melancholia, 70 adult patients were selected for further detailed clinical and neuro-endocrinological evaluation. Two subtypes emerged; changes in sleeping patterns, body mass and thyrotrophin response to thyrotrophin-releasing hormone constituted the distinguishing features between the two categories (P = 0.012).

Adult↗