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Biomedical subjects

F Ghinelli

Publications and source records attributed to F Ghinelli.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Treatment of cerebral malaria by erythrocyte exchange.

A 33-years-old male presented with a severe malaria, caused by a chloroquine resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum. The number of parasitized erythrocytes reached 20% and the patient had cerebral complication. During the second hospital day, an erythrocyte exchange was performed as an in addition to chemotherapy. The patient's clinical condition improved and the parasitemia disappeared. The erythrocyte exchange is recommended in severe malaria, when parasitemia greater than 10%, with or without cerebral, renal or blood coagulation complications.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

[Pneumocystosis].

On the basis of personal experience, the microbiological, epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia are analysed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

[Campylobacter pylori colonization and gastroduodenal pathology].

355 patients suffering from dyspepsia with an endoscopic pathological picture were examined. Campylobacter pylori was sought histologically and by culture. Histological and cultural results were compared. There were no bacteria on the gastric mucosa of 46 patients who had no histopathological evidence of lesions. Cultural studies were performed in 40 cases on endoscopic instruments used during the examination, before and after standard sterilization. Campylobacter pylori was found on the gastric mucosa of 224 patients (63.09%); 91.93% with duodenal ulcer; 71.87% with gastric ulcer; 54.23% with erosive duodenitis; 56.71% with erosive gastritis and 54.81% with chronic gastropathy. The agreement between the two techniques was 75.39%, with a male prevalence (p = 0.05). Campylobacter pylori was present on the gastric mucosa of 10.86% of patients without histopathological evidence of lesions. Standard sterilization with alkyl-dimethyl-benzyl ammonium eliminated the campylobacter in 100% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Zinc and lymphocyte subsets in patients with HIV infection].

Serum zinc levels were assayed in patients with AIDS and related syndromes, using spectrophotometry and atomic absorption. Statistical data have shown that serum zinc levels, in addition to being significantly lower (p less than 0.001) among different groups and controls, decrease progressively with the worsening of the clinical and immunological picture from LAS to AIDS. Serum zinc levels in patients with AIDS and ARC have, moreover, been demonstrated to be related (r = 0.8240; p less than 0.001) to the lymphocyte subset CD4 helper-induced. These results suggest that serum zinc determination and possibly zinc therapy might be reasonably considered in the management of patients with symptoms of HIV infection.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMed1986

Glucose tolerance in chronic alcoholics after alcohol withdrawal: effect of accompanying diet.

The effect of alcoholism or acute alcohol ingestion on carbohydrate metabolism is not clear. The metabolic features of alcoholics cannot be easily achieved in normal men submitted to investigations concerning the effects of alcohol on glucose tolerance. Undernutrition and/or malnutrition characterize the eating behavior of alcoholics. It is also well-known that diet is an important determinant of carbohydrate tolerance. Thus, we studied the effects of a controlled diet on glucose tolerance and insulin release in a group of chronic alcoholics, with or without withdrawal from alcohol. Twenty-two subjects took part in the study; their mean caloric intake was 2,805 +/- 91 kcal/d, 58% of which was due to alcohol. In all subjects five days after an isocaloric diet and no alcohol, we performed an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). After that, the subjects were divided into three subgroups: group A, eight subjects with alcohol withdrawal and an 17.5 kcal/kg/d diet; group B, eight subjects with alcohol withdrawal and a 35 kcal/kg/d diet, and group C, six subjects with a 35 kcal/kg/d diet plus ethanol 200 g/d. After 3 weeks a second OGTT was performed. We found a significant improvement of the glucose tolerance and of the release of insulin in group B as well as group C; the alcohol withdrawal per se was irrelevant to the observed modifications of the glucose tolerance. Our data suggest that a poor diet would be a major cause of carbohydrate intolerance in alcoholics.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Clinical epidemiological survey of Legionella pneumophila infections in Italy.

A clinical epidemiological survey of Legionella pneumophila infections occurring in Italy between 1 December 1985 and 31 May 1986 was carried out to evaluate the incidence of sporadic, epidemic and nosocomial L. pneumophila pneumonia. A total of 355 cases of pneumonia were studied of which 11.5% were due to Gram positive bacteria, 11% were due to Gram negative bacteria, 7.9% were due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae, 4.5% were due to L. pneumophila and 8.5% were due to sundry aetiological agents. The remainder (45.6%) could not be diagnosed accurately. In addition, the anti L. pneumophila antibody titres were assessed. The results are discussed in terms of the occurrence of the disease in Italy and regarding the importance of considering the possibility of legionellosic aetiology when diagnosing pneumonia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Hepatic injury and halogenated anesthetics: preliminary clinical experience].

The potential hepatotoxic activity of isoflurane, a volatile anesthetic agent recently introduced in Italy, has been investigated by the Authors in the present study. Hepatic markers blood level (GPT, gamma GT, alkaline phosphatase and albumin) have been checked preoperatively and at day 1 and 4 postoperatively in a group of 35 patients who underwent general anesthesia for plastic surgery operations by means of isoflurane. As control group 32 patients were tested, treated with general anesthesia for the same type of surgery by means of halotane. The Authors conclude that isoflurane, according to the data obtained from present study, cannot be, at the moment, considered hepatotoxic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Hepatitis B virus infection in a hospital population in Parma: implementation of a vaccination program].

An epidemiological survey of hepatitis B virus infection has been carried out in medical and paramedical employees of the Hospital of Parma, in order to identify high-risk groups and to estimate how many of subjects might be immunized with newly available but expansive vaccine. Radioimmunoassay procedures were used to detect the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and the corresponding antibody (anti-HBs) in serum samples from 1682 hospital workers. Among these person tested, HBsAg was present in 57 (3.4%) and anti-HBs in 438 (26.3%); at least one of the two markers was found in 495 (29.4%). The prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBs was related more closely to age, years and kind of occupation, than to clinical service (i.e. renal dialysis or medical services) and title (physician, nurse, laboratory technician, support staff.

Female↗
PubMed1983

[Lyell's syndrome: study of a clinical case].

The Authors report a case of Lyell's syndrome. Previous administration of sulfadossine was identified as the precipitating cause of the syndrome. The clinical history and the treatment of the case are described. Two aspects of the latter were considered to be particularly important: a careful control of the hydroelectrolytic balance and positive action to favour the rapid re-epithelialization of the cutaneous area affected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amino acid patterns in hepatic encephalopathy.

Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid amino acid levels wee measured in 12 cirrhotic patients in grade 0 hepatic encephalopathy and 17 in grade 3-4 hepatic encephalopathy. In 5 of these patients amino acid determinations were performed during the evolution of the encephalopathy. No correlation was found between the degree of hepatic encephalopathy and the plasma amino acid imbalance. In the CSF of cirrhotic patients without encephalopathy, a significant increase was found in nearly all amino acids, including those known to not easily cross the blood-brain barrier; this suggests the presence of a nonspecific modification of the blood-brain barrier permeability. In patients with severe hepatic encephalopathy, the further increase only in cerebrospinal fluid aromatic amino acids and methionine levels suggests the presence of a selective stimulation of the neutral amino acid transport system across the blood-brain barrier. Finally, the good correlation between glutamine and the sum of neutral amino acids found in the cerebrospinal fluid only in the presence of encephalopathy supports the hypothesis that brain glutamine may stimulate neutral amino acid transport across the blood-brain barrier.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Significance of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the diagnosis of hepatopathies].

The significance of carcinoembryogenic antigen (CEA) is assessed as a way to obtaining a better definition of neoplasia of the liver and bile ducts, and the spotting of possible malignant degeneration in chronic diseases of the liver. The literature data on involvement of the liver and bile ducts in CEA metabolism are cited, and the results of a study of 419 patients with acute and chronic diseases of varying aetiology and severity, and benign or malignant obstructive icterus are presented. CEA measurements, while associated with a tendency towards high values in liver diseases with major functional damage, do not seem to be differentiating for cirrhosis and Ca-cirrhosis, or between benign and malignant icterus. Dependable diagnosis, therefore, depends on the inclusion of CEA in a battery of tests to be coupled with appraisal of the individual clinical and instrumental findings.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1980

[Non-A, non-B hepatitis. Seroimmunological, epidemiological and clinical findings].

The characteristics of a third type of viral hepatitis, defined as non-A, non-B are analysed on the basis of the most recent reported findings. The problems of identification of the aetiological agent, its transmisibility in animals, the carrier condition, its possible evolution into chronic and fulminating forms, the effectiveness of immune globulin prophylaxis and epidemiological and clinical aspects are discussed. Reference is then made to the results of an epidemiological study of 293 patients with acute viral hepatitis, admitted to the Infectious Diseases Division of Parma Hospital. Diagnosis of non-A, non-B hepatitis was formulated, by exclusion, in 64 cases (21.8%). Intragroup studies pointed to an intermediate period of incubation and clinico-biochemical picture between A and B hepatitis the possible non-parenteral contagion route and possibilities of recurrence and development into chronic forms. Further information on hepatitis or on non-A, non-B hepatitis, can be provided by screenings based on antigen C demonstration (AgHC).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1980

[The use of selective amino acid solutions in the pre- and post-operative treatment of cirrhotics. Preliminary observations].

The use in cirrhosis of so-called selective amino acid solutions, i.e. solutions rich in branched and poor in aromatic acids, is readily explained by the proven alteration of the basal amino acid picture in this disease. It is also known that marked haemorrhage, stress, surgery and massive dehydration exacerbate the position and open the way to encephalopathy. A study was therefore made of the clinical, biochemical, and body fluid picture of cirrhosis patients subjected to portal surgery, and treated pre-, intra- and post-operatively with these special solutions. The treatment proved effective. It is felt that a study could usefully be made of more patients, with account being taken of features indicative of the behaviour of the nitrogen balance.

Adult↗