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Biomedical subjects

F Glaser

Publications and source records attributed to F Glaser.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Analgesic consumption--laparoscopic versus conventional cholecystectomy].

We compared two groups of 50 patients each with symptomatic cholecystolithiasis treated by either conventional or by laparoscopic cholecystectomy with regard to duration of postoperative pain and sort and amount of analgetics. Laparoscopic operation time was on an average 115.4 min (65-180 min), conventionally operated 78.1 min (35-140 min). Eight patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy did not need analgetics at all. The average number of days of postoperative pain was 2.7 days for conventional operation and 1.13 days for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In this time the conventionally operated patients needed four to five times the amount of analgetics as well morphin analogues as low-potency analgetics.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1991

Dynamic sonography in the diagnosis of ligament and meniscal injuries of the knee.

A total of 84 patients with ligament or meniscal injuries of the knee was prospectively examined clinically and under anaesthesia, by arthroscopy and sonography. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were compared. For sonography a high resolution scanner (Picker LSC 7000 with a 5-MHz transducer) was used. The sonographical examination was dynamic under normal and stress conditions. The sensitivity of sonography for diagnosis of rupture of the medial collateral ligament (LCM) was 87%, of the anterior cruciate ligament (LCA), 70% and of menisci, 89% and was thereby similar to that for examination under anaesthesia and arthroscopy and significantly superior to clinical examination alone. The specificity of sonography was very high: for rupture of the LCM 96%, the LCA 98% and the menisci 78%. Only for diagnosis of partial ligament rupture, especially partial LCA rupture, was the sensitivity of sonography low. In diagnosing ligament and meniscal injuries of the knee, sonography should be used routinely as a primary diagnostic tool after clinical examination because: 1. It is inexpensive 2. It has no side effects 3. It helps to cut down X-ray exposure 4. Anaesthesia is not required 5. It allows the recognition and avoidance of muscle tightness 6. Repetitions are possible at will 7. Documentation is included 8. Sensitivity and specificity are very good.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in metastasizing cervix carcinoma. A pilot study].

There are reported preliminary results of a pilot-study in the postoperative adjuvant treatment of cervical carcinoma with involvement of the iliac lymph nodes. It was done a prospective randomized study. There were 3 groups of treatment: adjuvant chemotherapy with a combination of Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil over 6 cycles; adjuvant chemotherapy like in the first group over 3 cycles plus Telecobalt-irradiation till the doses of 50 Gy in the small pelvis; and postoperative irradiation with Telecobalt till the doses of 50 Gy in the small pelvis. The fate of 41 patients could be evaluated. There were no statistical differences between the 3 groups in age, histology, staging and follow-up. Also the survival rate and the rate of the disease-free time didn't show a significant difference, but it seems, that the chemotherapy with Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil could be able to improve the poor prognosis of the cervical carcinoma with metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Endorectal ultrasonography for the assessment of invasion of rectal tumours and lymph node involvement.

Sophisticated therapies for rectal carcinoma, such as sphincter preserving operations, pouch-anal anastomosis, preoperative irradiation or adjuvant chemotherapy, require an exact pretherapy assessment of the tumour and its lymph node involvement. A 7.0 MHz transducer was used before operation in the staging of 117 patients with rectal carcinoma or villous adenoma. In 90 per cent of cases it was possible correctly to stage the tumour before operation. Sensitivity for detection of perirectal fat infiltration was 97 per cent. Lymph node involvement was accurately identified in about 80 per cent of cases. Six carcinomas, which had developed within 31 examined tubulovillous adenomas, were detected by endorectal ultrasonography. No carcinoma remained undetected. Endorectal ultrasonography is a highly accurate tool for the staging of rectal carcinoma before operation and for the detection of lymph node involvement. Malignant change in tubulovillous adenomas are also detectable.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Influence of endorectal ultrasound on surgical treatment of rectal cancer.

Refined surgical treatment of carcinoma of the rectum, such as sphincter-preserving operations, pouch anal anastomosis, and pre-operative irradation require exact assessment of tumor and lymph-node involvement before therapy. To improve pre-operative staging we used endorectal ultrasound to determine the depth of tumor infiltration and the presence of lymph-node metastases. A 7.0 MHz transducer (Bruel and Kjaer, Denmark) was used in the pre-operative staging of 110 patients with rectal carcinomas. In 90% of the cases it was possible to perform a correct tumor staging pre-operatively in comparison with histopathology. Sensitivity for detection of perirectal fat infiltration was 96% and the negative predictive value was 96%. Lymph-node involvement was accurately identified in approximately 80% of the cases. Endorectal ultrasound is a highly accurate tool in the pre-operative staging of rectal carcinoma, as well as in the detection of lymph-node involvement. It will identify patients suitable for sphincter-saving procedures or local treatment and define those with a considerable risk of local recurrence, where combined surgery and radiotherapy may be considered.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Preoperative assessment of perirectal lymph nodes by ultrasound].

Endorectal ultrasound is a new technique which is having an increasing impact on the surgical community. Beyond the assessment of tumor penetration depth two kinds of lymph nodes are to be differentiated by ultrasound in the perirectal fat. 1) Inflammatory enlarged lymph nodes which appear hyperechoic, unsharply limited to the surrounding tissue and 2) lymph node metastases which are hypoechoic having the same density as the tumor. Sensitivity and specificity of endorectal ultrasound in the detection of lymph node metastases in 97 patients was 80%, the positive predictive value was 78%, the negative 82%. In an in vitro study we examined 27 lymph nodes of patients with either inflammatory or cancerous colon diseases by computerized B-scan texture analysis. An HP-77020 A realtime electronic sector-scanner was connected with HP-1000 microcomputer which permitted the selection and texture-analysis of a region of interest (ROI). Afterwards the lymph nodes were examined histologically. Independent of size and surrounding fat tissue there was a highly significant difference between inflammatory and cancerous enlarged lymph nodes concerning mean grey level and mean gradient. Tumor infiltrated lymph nodes are hypoechoic with poor contrast within the node whereas inflammatory enlarged nodes are more hyperechoic and show more contrast. Thus, we can state that it is possible by consideration of echogenity and contrast to distinguish sonographically between tumor infiltrated and inflammatory enlarged lymph nodes.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1989

[The value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of capsule ligament injuries of the upper ankle joint].

Ankle ligament injuries are usually diagnosed by clinical and radiological examination. In this study we tried to determine the accuracy of dynamic sonography in the diagnosis of ankle ligament injuries. From 1 April 1987 to 1 July 1988, 72 patients with ligamentous injuries of the ankle were examined sonographically. The dynamic stability of the anterior talofibular ligament was determined by measuring the length of the ligaments under normal and stressed conditions. The anatomical course of the ligaments was used as the plane of section. Clinical and radiological examinations were used to determine whether an operation was indicated, and the results of these examinations were compared after the operation with the sonographic and intraoperative findings. Dynamic examination of the stability of the anterior talofibular ligament yielded findings compatible with the intraoperative findings in 64 of the 72 cases (88.8%). The mean difference in length between normal and stressed conditions was 7.4 mm, with a range of 6-12 mm in the case of rupture of the ligament. A high level of agreement between sonographic and intraoperative findings was also found for the calcaneofibular ligament. In 62 of the 72 cases (86.1%) a correct diagnosis was possible. The mean difference in length in this plane of section was 10.6 mm, with a range of 7-17 mm. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in the diagnosis of rupture of the ligaments were between 80% and 90%, respectively, and the positive predictive value was about 95%. Sonography with a high-resolution scanner allows a correct diagnosis of ligamentous lesions at the ankle joint in 80-90% of cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Endosonography in preoperative assessment of rectal tumors].

Together with digital examination and rectoscopy, the endorectal ultrasound is of great value in the preoperative diagnostics of rectal carcinoma. In 90% of these patients it is possible to determine the depth of infiltration preoperatively. At the same time assessment of lymph node involvement can be made with a sensitivity and specificity of 78%. Thus, endorectal ultrasound gives decisive criteria for the therapeutic plan. Furthermore, endorectal ultrasound represents a fitting instrument for the postoperative follow-up of patients with anterior resection of the rectum. Intramural as well as extrarectal sited recurrences of the tumor can be detected. Whether endosonography will have an influence on the prognosis of rectal carcinoma, remains to be seen.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Early recognition of postoperative hematoma formation.

Postoperative hematoma formation must be treated as a potential infection. One fourth of all postoperative hematomas are already contaminated. Ultrasonographical examination is an effective method for early recognition of such postoperative hematomas. Ultrasonic diagnosis on a routine basis is not necessary, but it should be carried out as soon as clinical symptoms appear. Our postoperative late results with only one early and one late infection after 100 postoperative treatments of the hip joint and femoral shaft emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of hematomas.

Femur↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of the anti-siphon device (ASD) on the function of various hydrocephalus drainage systems in the child].

Flow rate studies on various membrane and slit valve shunt combinations in the upright (hanging) position were carried out to compare their function with and without an Anti-Siphon-Device (ASD) in relationship to various proximal pressures and various distal catheter lengths. Advantages and disadvantages of the numerous valve types and shunt combinations and the optimal position of the ASD are established. The necessity of an ASD in every shunt is experimentally verified and theoretically discussed.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts↗