Blood pressure control with glyceryl trinitrate during electroconvulsive therapy in a patient with cerebral aneurysm.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
F Goto
Publications and source records attributed to F Goto.
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension treated with a cervical epidural blood patch.
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Adult↗
Slow rewarming improves jugular venous oxygen saturation during rewarming.
BACKGROUND: There have been many studies regarding the etiology of postoperative cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Although its etiology remains unresolved, one possible factor related to postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a reduced internal jugular venous oxygen hemoglobin saturation (SjvO2) during the rewarming period. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of rewarming rates on SjvO2 during rewarming. METHODS: One-hundred patients scheduled for elective CABG surgery were randomly divided into two groups; control group (0.48 +/- 0.09 degrees C, n = 50), slow rewarming group (0.24 +/- 0.09 degrees C, n = 50). After the induction of anesthesia, a fiberoptic oximetry oxygen saturation catheter was inserted into the right jugular bulb to monitor SjvO2 continuously. Hemodynamic parameters, arterial and jugular venous blood gases were measured at nine time-points. RESULTS: Cerebral desaturation (defined as a SjvO2 value below 50%) during rewarming was more frequent in the control group than in the slow group. Cerebral desaturation time (duration when SjvO2 was less than 50%) and the ratio of the cerebral desaturation time to the total CPB time in the control group differed significantly from those in the slow group (control group: 17 +/- 11 min, 12 +/- 4%, slow group: 10 +/- 8 min, 7 +/- 4%, respectively, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in mini-mental state examination on the day before the operation nor at 1 month after the surgery among four values (the day before the operation: control group; 48 +/- 8, slow group; 48 +/- 7, at one month after the surgery: control group; 46 +/- 7, slow group; 45 +/- 9). CONCLUSIONS: A slow rewarming rate could reduce the chance of a decrease in SjvO2 during rewarming.
Aged↗
Chronic intraperitoneal endotoxin treatment in rats induces resistance to d-tubocurarine, but does not produce up-regulation of acetylcholine receptors.
BACKGROUND: Chronic systemic inflammation resulting from intraperitoneal Eschevichia coli endotoxin administration or Corynebacterium injections induces tolerance to non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers in rodents. Although this has been explained as up-regulation of muscle acetylcholine receptors (AChR), the numbers of involved receptors have not been documented. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of chronic endotoxin administration on rat muscle AChR. METHODS: One day after one, seven, or 14 daily intraperitoneal doses of lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (0 or 0.5 mg kg(-1)), we studied in vivo dose-response relationships for d-tubocurarine (d-Tc) and AChR binding using [125I]alpha-bungarotoxin as a ligand. RESULTS: One day after seven and 14 daily intraperitoneal doses of endotoxin, the effective dose of d-Tc required to suppress the twitch response to 50% of the control (ED50) was significantly increased compared with that of time-matched control rats (146.5 +/- 38.2 vs. 76.1 +/- 9.0 microg kg(-1) for seven doses; 116.4 +/- 51.3 vs. 74.4 +/- 9.6 micro g kg-1 for 14 doses, P < 0.05). However, this was not associated with an increase in the number of AChR in the anterior tibial muscle or diaphragm. CONCLUSIONS: Mechanisms other than AChR up-regulation might be responsible for the increased d-Tc requirement during chronic intraperitoneal endotoxin administration.
Animals↗
The comparative effects of propofol versus thiopentone on left ventricular function during electroconvulsive therapy.
The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of propofol versus thiopentone on haemodynamics during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), as estimated by echocardiography. Twenty-eight ASA 1 or 2 patients scheduled for ECT were randomly divided into two groups, to receive propofol 1 mg/kg (propofol group, n = 14) or thiopentone 2 mg/kg (thiopentone group, n = 14). Bilateral ECT was performed after the administration of propofol or thiopentone, succinylcholine and following assisted mask ventilation with 100% oxygen. Cardiac function was examined by transthoracic echocardiography, prior to induction of anaesthesia and throughout ECT until ten minutes after the seizure. In the propofol group, increased end-systolic area (ESA) and decreased fractional area change (FAC) were observed at one minute after the electrical shock compared with the awake condition. In the thiopentone group, increased ESA and decreased FAC were observed from one to three minutes after the electrical shock compared with the awake condition. There was no statistically significant change in afterload in the propofol group during the study. In contrast, increased afterload was observed from one to three minutes after the electrical shock in the thiopentone group (awake condition, 26 +/- 7 mmHg/cm2 [mean +/- SD]; one minute after ECT, 42 +/- 7*; two minutes after ECT, 44 +/- 6*; three minutes after ECT; 40 +/- 5*, respectively) (*P < 0.05). We concluded that a lesser haemodynamic change occurs after propofol anaesthesia (1 mg/kg) compared with thiopentone anaesthesia (2 mg/kg) during ECT.
Adult↗
Patterns of canal and otolith afferent input convergence in frog second-order vestibular neurons.
Second-order vestibular neurons (2 degrees VN) were identified in the isolated frog brain by the presence of monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) after separate electrical stimulation of individual vestibular nerve branches. Combinations of one macular and the three semicircular canal nerve branches or combinations of two macular nerve branches were stimulated separately in different sets of experiments. Monosynaptic EPSPs evoked from the utricle or from the lagena converged with monosynaptic EPSPs from one of the three semicircular canal organs in ~30% of 2 degrees VN. Utricular afferent signals converged predominantly with horizontal canal afferent signals (74%), and lagenar afferent signals converged with anterior vertical (63%) or posterior vertical (37%) but not with horizontal canal afferent signals. This convergence pattern correlates with the coactivation of particular combinations of canal and otolith organs during natural head movements. A convergence of afferent saccular and canal signals was restricted to very few 2 degrees VN (3%). In contrast to the considerable number of 2 degrees VN that received an afferent input from the utricle or the lagena as well as from one of the three canal nerves (~30%), smaller numbers of 2 degrees VN (14% of each type of 2 degrees otolith or 2 degrees canal neuron) received an afferent input from only one particular otolith organ or from only one particular semicircular canal organ. Even fewer 2 degrees VN received an afferent input from more than one semicircular canal or from more than one otolith nerve (~7% each). Among 2 degrees VN with afferent inputs from more than one otolith nerve, an afferent saccular nerve input was particularly rare (4-5%). The restricted convergence of afferent saccular inputs with other afferent otolith or canal inputs as well as the termination pattern of saccular afferent fibers are compatible with a substrate vibration sensitivity of this otolith organ in frog. The ascending and/or descending projections of identified 2 degrees VN were determined by the presence of antidromic spikes. 2 degrees VN mediating afferent utricular and/or semicircular canal nerve signals had ascending and/or descending axons. 2 degrees VN mediating afferent lagenar or saccular nerve signals had descending but no ascending axons. The latter result is consistent with the absence of short-latency macular signals on extraocular motoneurons during vertical linear acceleration. Comparison of data from frog and cat demonstrated the presence of a similar organization pattern of maculo- and canal-ocular reflexes in both species.
Animals↗
Decrease in jugular venous oxygen saturation during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass predicts short-term postoperative neurologic dysfunction in elderly patients.
OBJECTIVES: We sought to examine whether the decrease in jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvO(2)) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can be used to predict short-term and long-term postoperative cognitive disorders in elderly patients. BACKGROUND: It has been reported that elderly patients might be more susceptible to hypoperfusion during CPB. METHODS: One hundred eighty-five patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery were studied. Group 1 (n = 56) was young (<50 years old), group 2 (n = 67) was middle-aged (50 to 69 years old) and group 3 (n = 62) was elderly (>70 years old). After induction of anesthesia, a fiberoptic oximetry oxygen saturation catheter was inserted into the right jugular bulb to monitor SjvO(2) continuously. Hemodynamic variables and arterial and jugular venous blood gases were measured at seven time points. RESULTS: The cerebral desaturation time (duration when SjvO(2) was <50%) and the ratio of the cerebral desaturation time to the total CPB time in group 3 were significantly different from those in groups 1 and 2 (group 1: 20 +/- 6 min and 16 +/- 5%; group 2: 19 +/- 7 min and 14 +/- 6%; group 3: 34 +/- 9 min and 24 +/- 7%, respectively; p < 0.05). Also, age (odds ratio [OR] 1.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0 to 1.8, p = 0.02) and desaturation time (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.4, p = 0.03) were perioperative factors in relation to short-term cognitive impairment. However, age and desaturation time were not perioperative factors in relation to long-term cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS: Reduced SjvO(2) was associated with short-term cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients.
Age Factors↗
Effects of 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptors on the modulation of nociceptive transmission in rat spinal cord according to the formalin test.
We used the formalin test to clarify the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor subtypes involved in the modulation of spinal nociceptive transmission in rats. Intrathecal administration of a 5-HT1A receptor agonist, 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)-tetraline (8-OH-DPAT; 1, 10, and 30 microg), or a 5-HT1B receptor agonist, 1, 4-dihydro-3-(1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydro-4-pyridinyl)-5H-pyrrol (3, 2-b) pyridin-5-one (CP 93129; 1 and 10 microg), produced no significant change in the number of flinches. A 5-HT(2) receptor agonist, (+/-)-2, 5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI; 10, 30, and 100 microg), and a 5-HT3 receptor agonist, 2-methyl-5-HT (100 and 300 microg), produced dose-dependent decreases in the number of flinches in phases 1 (1 to 6 min) and 2 (10 to 61 min) of the test. The antinociceptive effects of DOI and 2-methyl-5-HT were antagonized by intrathecal pretreatment with a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, ketanserin, and a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, 3-tropanyl-3, 5-dichlorobenzoate (MDL-72222), respectively. These results suggest that 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptors in the spinal cord mediate antinociception to chemical stimuli.
8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin↗
A novel plant ferritin subunit from soybean that is related to a mechanism in iron release.
Ferritin is a multimeric iron storage protein composed of 24 subunits. Ferritin purified from dried soybean seed resolves into two peptides of 26.5 and 28 kDa. To date, the 26.5-kDa subunit has been supposed to be generated from the 28-kDa subunit by cleavage of the N-terminal region. We performed amino acid sequence analysis of the 28-kDa subunit and found that it had a different sequence from the 26.5-kDa subunit, thus rendering it novel among known soybean ferritins. We cloned a cDNA encoding this novel subunit from 10-day-old seedlings, each of which contained developed bifoliates, an epicotyl and a terminal bud. The 26.5-kDa subunit was found to be identical to that identified previously lacking the C-terminal 16 residues that correspond to the E helix of mammalian ferritin. However, the corresponding region in the 28-kDa soybean ferritin subunit identified in this study was not susceptible to cleavage. We present evidence that the two different ferritin subunits in soybean dry seeds show differential sensitivity to protease digestions and that the novel, uncleaved 28-kDa ferritin subunit appears to stabilize the ferritin shell by co-existing with the cleaved 26.5-kDa subunit. These data demonstrate that soybean ferritin is composed of at least two different subunits, which have cooperative functional roles in soybean seeds.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Application of ion beam techniques for preparation of metal ion-implanted TiO2 thin film photocatalyst available under visible light irradiation: metal ion-implantation and ionized cluster beam method.
Transparent TiO2 thin film photocatalysts have been prepared on silica glass plate by an Ionized Cluster Beam (ICB) method. In order to improve the electronic properties of these photocatalysts, transition metal ions (V+, Cr+, Mn+, Fe+) were implanted into the TiO2 thin films at high energy acceleration using an advanced metal ion-implantation technique. The combination of these ion beam techniques can allow us to prepare the TiO2 thin film photocatalysts which can work effectively under visible light (lambda>450 nm) and/or solar light irradiation. The investigation using XAFS and ab initio molecular calculation suggests that the substitution of octahedrally coordinated Ti ions in TiO2 lattice with implanted metal ions is important to modify TiO2 to be able to adsorb visible light and operate under visible light irradiation.
Journal Article↗
Antiallodynic effect of intrathecally administered 5-HT(2) agonists in rats with nerve ligation.
We examined the antiallodynic effect of intrathecally administered serotonin receptor agonists including 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(1B), 5-HT(2) and 5-HT(3) receptor subtypes in a rat model using spinal nerve ligation at L5 and L6. Administration of the 5-HT(2) receptor agonist, alpha-methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine maleate (alpha-m-5-HT; 3-100 microg) or (+/-)-1-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-aminopropane hydrochloride (DOI; 10-100 microg), showed dose-dependent antiallodynic actions with no associated motor weakness. The antiallodynic action of alpha-m-5-HT was more potent than that of DOI. The effects of 5-HT(2) agonists on tactile allodynia were reversed by intrathecal pretreatment with the selective 5-HT(2) antagonist ketanserin and with the mixed 5-HT(1) and 5-HT(2) antagonist methysergide. Neither the mixed 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(1B) antagonist cyanopindolol nor the selective 5-HT(3) antagonist MDL72222 attenuated antiallodynic effects induced by 5-HT(2) agonists. In contrast, the selective 5-HT(1A) agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)-tetralin hydrobromide (8-OH-DPAT; 1-50 microg), the 5-HT(1B) agonist 5-methoxy-3-(1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-4-pyridinil)-1H-indol (RU-24969; 10-100 microg) and the 5-HT(3) agonist 2-methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine maleate (2-m-5-HT; 30-300 microg) all lacked significant antiallodynic action with intrathecal administration. These results indicate that the 5-HT(2) receptor plays an essential role in spinal suppression of neuropathic pain by 5-HT.
8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin↗
Electroconvulsive therapy impairs systolic performance of the left ventricle.
PURPOSE: In this observational study, we examined left ventricular systolic performance during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), using an echocardiographic automated border detection system. METHODS: Nine ASA I or II patients scheduled for ECT were studied. Bilateral ECT was performed after the administration of propofol 1 mg x kg(-1), succinylcholine 1 mg x kg(-1), and assisted mask ventilation with 100% oxygen. Cardiac function was monitored by transthoracic echocardiography, prior to anesthesia induction and throughout the ECT procedure until ten minutes after the seizure. RESULTS: Increased end-systolic area and decreased fractional area change were observed at one minute after the seizure compared to the awake condition. No regional wall motion abnormalities were observed in all patients both at baseline condition and during the ECT CONCLUSION: Systolic performance of the left ventricle estimated by echocardiography decreased transiently in the immediate period after the electric shock.
Adult↗
Hepatosplanchnic oxygenation is better preserved during mild hypothermic than during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass.
PURPOSE: To assess and compare the effects of normothermic and mild hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on hepatosplanchnic oxygenation. METHODS: We studied 14 patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery who underwent normothermic (>35 degrees C; group I, n=7) or mild hypothermic (32 degrees C; group II, n=7) CPB. After induction of anesthesia, a hepatic venous catheter was inserted into the right hepatic vein to monitor hepatic venous oxygen saturation (ShvO(2)) and hepatosplanchnic blood flow by a constant infusion technique that uses indocyanine green. RESULTS: The ShvO(2) decreased from a baseline value in both groups during CPB and was significantly lower at ten minutes and 60 min after the onset of CPB in group I (39.5 +/- 16.2% and 40.1 +/- 9.8%, respectively) than in group II (61.1 +/- 16.2% and 61.0 +/- 17.9%, respectively; P <0.05). During CPB, the hepatosplanchnic oxygen extraction ratio was significantly higher in group I than in group II (44.0 +/- 7.2% vs 28.7 +/- 13.1%; P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Hepatosplanchnic oxygenation was better preserved during mild hypothermic CPB than during normothermic CPB.
Cardiopulmonary Bypass↗
Perioperative management of biventricular failure after closure of a long-standing massive arteriovenous fistula.
PURPOSE: To report the perioperative management of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) closure in a patient with high-output heart failure and pulmonary hypertension. CLINICAL FEATURES: In a 71-yr-old man, closure of a long-standing massive AVF between the right femoral artery and vein was performed. After closure of the AVF, his pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) increased from 52/21 mmHg to 68/26 mmHg, his cardiac index decreased from 5.27 L.min(-1).m(-2) to 3.18 L.min(-1).m(-2), and his pulmonary wedge pressure increased from 15 mmHg to 32 mmHg due to an acute increase in afterload. Co-administration of prostaglandin E and a phosphodiesterase III inhibitor improved the cardiac index and the PAP. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical closure of the fistula may not always lead to resolution of the high output cardiac failure. In this case, afterload management using arterial dilators (prostaglandin E1, phosphodiesterase III inhibitor), use of inotropic drugs (phosphodiesterase III inhibitor), and close attention to volume status was crucial for a successful outcome after surgical AVF closure.
3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
Perilymph fistula--45 case analysis.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Though perilymph fistula (PLF) is not a rare disease, preoperative diagnosis still remains to be established. Some new diagnostic methods are challenging, but there is still no established diagnostic method except exploratory tympanotomy that verifies the occurrence of leakage. Early diagnosis of PLF is fully depending on history taking and some clinical examinations. To know the clinical features of PLF is one of the greatest helps to make both earlier and accurate diagnosis. In spite of some innovations in clinical examinations classic diagnostic procedure is thought to be still reliable. PROCEDURES: We investigated the clinical symptoms, basic tests results and therapeutic results in patients with PLF. RESULTS: From 1983 to 1998 PLF was identified in 44 patients (45 ears) with exploratory tympanotomies in our hospital. With respect to clinical history the predisposing factors such as blowing the nose, lifting heavy goods, and landing in an airplane were found in almost half of the patients, while the rest of them had no clear inducing factors. Their major symptoms included hearing loss (93%), vertigo and dizziness (91%), tinnitus (76%), and aural fullness (31%). The patients who have a clear predisposing factor tended to make diagnosis easily; on the other hand the rest of the patients who do not have clear etiology had some diagnostic difficulty. Subjective positive fistula signs were observed in 71% of patients. Vestibular symptoms improved in 80% of patients after closure of PLF. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the variety of clinical manifestation make diagnosis more difficult. At the moment meticulous clinical history taking and close follow-up applying repeating fistula tests are the most important for not only earlier but also accurate diagnosis.
Adolescent↗
Effects of small doses of prostaglandin E(1) on systemic hemodynamics and jugular venous oxygen saturation during cardiopulmonary bypass.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of small doses of prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) on systemic hemodynamics and cerebral oxygenation during cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). DESIGN: Randomized, prospective study. SETTING: Cardiac surgery at Saitama Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Center. PATIENTS: Forty patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass surgery. INTERVENTIONS: The study was performed at the stable CPB period. Patients were randomly divided into four groups: control group (n = 10) received an infusion of saline, PGE(1) 10 group (n = 10) received an infusion of PGE(1) 10 ng/kg/min, PGE(1) 25 group (n = 10) received an infusion of PGE(1) 25 ng/kg/min, and the PGE(1) 50 group (n = 10) received an infusion of PGE(1) 50 ng/kg/min. MEASUREMENTS: After measuring the baseline partial pressure of the arterial oxygen saturation (SpO(2)), mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO(2)), and jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvO(2)), blood gases, and cardiovascular hemodynamic values, PGE(1) was infused intravenously at rate of between 10 and 50 ng/kg/min. PGE(1) infusion continued 30 minutes after the start of drug infusion, and the blood gas analysis and cardiovascular hemodynamic values were simultaneously determined together with the hemodynamic values at 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 minutes during drug infusion. At 30 minutes after discontinuation of the drug infusion, the blood gas analyses were simultaneously determined together with the hemodynamic values. MAIN RESULTS: Mean arterial pressure (MAP) in PGE(1) 25 and 50 groups was decreased 20 and 30 minutes after the start of PGE(1) infusion compared with the baseline value (p < 0.05). In contrast, SvOm(2) in PGE(1) 25 and 50 groups was increased 20 and 30 minutes after the start of PGE(1) infusion compared with the baseline value (p < 0.05). There was no change in SjO(2) value despite a decrease in MAP during the study. CONCLUSIONS: Cerebral oxygenation estimated by SjvO(2) was maintained despite a decrease in MAP during the administration rate of PGE(1) between 10 and 50 ng/kg/min.
Aged↗
Time course of changes in jugular venous oxygen saturation during hypothermic or normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in patients with diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND: Preexisting diabetic mellitus is a risk factor determining postoperative neurological disorders. The present study assesses the effects of normothermic and hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on jugular venous oxygen saturation (SjvO2)in patients with preexisting diabetic mellitus. METHODS: Sixteen diabetic patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting surgery were randomly divided into two groups: Group DN (n=8, diabetic patients) underwent normothermic CPB (>35 degrees C), and group DH (n=8, diabetic patients) underwent hypothermic CPB (32 degrees C). Controls were 16 age-matched non-diabetic patients (normothemic group, CN: n=8; hypothemic group, CH: n=8). A 4.0 F fiberoptic oximetry oxygen saturation catheter was inserted into the right jugular bulb to continuously monitor SjvO2 values. Hemodynamic parameters and arterial and jugular venous blood gases were measured seven times. RESULTS: Cerebral desaturation, which was defined as SjvO2 values below 50%, was observed during normothermic CPB in diabetic patients (at the onset of CPB: 46+/-3%, at 20 min after onset of CPB: 49+/-3%, means+/-SD, respectively). No cerebral desaturation occurred in diabetic and control patients during hypothermic CPB. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with preexisting diabetes mellitus experienced cerebral desaturation during normothermic CPB.
Aged↗
Disturbances in hepatocellular function during cardiopulmonary bypass using propofol anaesthesia.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Serum hyaluronate is thought to be an indicator of derangement in hepatocellular integrity, and the change in serum hyaluronate is a useful indicator in various liver disorders. We assessed the changes in serum hyaluronate in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. METHODS: Eleven patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery were studied. An oximetry oxygen saturation catheter was inserted into the right hepatic vein to permit monitoring of hepatic venous oxygen saturation. Perioperative measurements included: haemodynamic variables; systemic oxygen delivery and uptake; arterial, mixed venous and hepatic venous oxygen saturation; arterial and hepatic venous plasma concentrations of lactate, arterial ketone body ratio (ratio of acetoacetate to 3-hydroxybutyrate); and arterial and hepatic venous hyaluronate were measured. RESULTS: Arterial and hepatic venous hyaluronate increased during cardiopulmonary bypass compared with the prebypass period. These increases returned to prebypass values after the cessation of bypass (hepatic venous hyaluronate value at the prebypass period: 26 +/- 13 ng mL(-1), during bypass: 77 +/- 40 ng mL(-1); 1 h after bypass: 57 +/- 42 ng mL(-1); 6 h after bypass: 32 +/- 15 ng L(-1), 24 h after bypass; 62 +/- 21 ng mL(-1); mean +/- SD, P < 0.05). The arterial and hepatic venous hyaluronate during cardiopulmonary bypass was correlated with total bilirubin and hepatic venous lactate concentrations 6 h after bypass (arterial hyaluronate at cardiopulmonary bypass period vs. total bilirubin at 6 h after bypass; r=0.793, P=0.0036, hepatic venous hyaluronate during bypass vs. that at 6 h after bypass; r=0.795, P=0.0035). CONCLUSIONS: Hepatocellular integrity might be disturbed during cardiopulmonary bypass when propofol anaesthesia is used.
Alanine Transaminase↗