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Biomedical subjects

F Grande

Publications and source records attributed to F Grande.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Cord blood lipoprotein-cholesterol: relationship birth weight and gestational age of newborns.

Umbilical plasma levels of lipoproteins-cholesterol were measured in 60 premature (less than 37 weeks), 60 small for gestational age (SGA, greater than 37 weeks), and 60 full term newborns (greater than 37 weeks) to ascertain the relationship between gestational age, infant's weight and concentration of plasma lipoprotein cholesterol. Umbilical levels of total cholesterol (TC), unesterified cholesterol (UC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in premature newborns were significantly higher (P less than .001) than in term infants. The levels of TC, UC, HDL-C and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were substantially higher (P less than .05) in umbilical cord plasma of SGA newborns than in cord plasma of full term newborns. Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase activity in cord plasma was indirectly assessed by measuring the ratio of esterified cholesterol to unesterified cholesterol (CE/UC). This ratio was significantly lower (P less than .01) in preterm and SGA than in full term newborns. In addition, plasma TC, UC, LDL-C and HDL-C levels were inversely correlated with gestational age of newborns. By contrast, CE/UC ratio had an inverse correlation with gestational age and HDL-C of the newborns. These findings suggest that the levels of TC in newborns are regulated by the uptake of LDL-C by the fetal adrenal and, additionally, by the lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity of newborn plasma. Only by careful follow-up of hyperlipidemic neonates can the true incidence of familial hyperlipoproteinemia and the value of early diagnosis be assessed.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1988

Longitudinal study of plasma lipids and lipoprotein cholesterol in normal pregnancy and puerperium.

Plasma lipids and lipoprotein cholesterol distribution were measured in 60 normal pregnancies studied longitudinally at 12, 20, 28, and 36 weeks of gestation and 3 and 40 days postpartum. Total cholesterol, unesterified cholesterol, phospholipids, triglycerides and cholesterol in low- and very-low-density lipoproteins rose progressively during pregnancy. Maximal values were reached at 36 weeks for total cholesterol, unesterified cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and at partum for triglycerides, very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and phospholipids. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was hardly affected by pregnancy. During the second half of pregnancy and postpartum period, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was consistently and negatively correlated with triglycerides and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In each period studied total cholesterol showed very high positive correlation with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol but a weak correlation with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Cholesterol↗
PubMed1988

Plasma lipids and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in maternal and umbilical vessels in twin pregnancies.

Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL), Unesterified cholesterol (UC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) were measured in 30 plasmas from twin pregnant women and their newborns, and 60 maternal single infant pairs. Blood samples were obtained simultaneously from maternal vein, umbilical artery and umbilical vein at the moment of partum. TG from twin pregnant mothers was much higher and HDL-C lower than that from single pregnant maternal plasma TC, TG and PL in umbilical cord vessels showed no differences between twin and single newborns. There was a weak, but statistically significant, positive correlation between maternal and fetal levels of PL in both groups. A high difference between TC, TG and PL in umbilical venous and umbilical arterial plasma was found These data suggest that some fetal lipid moieties derived from maternal plasma. But data about fetal body composition indicate that contribution of maternal lipids to the fetus is of small quantitative importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Plasma lipids, apolipoproteins A and B in maternal and umbilical vessels in term pregnancies.

Total cholesterol (TC) high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein A (Apo A) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) were measured in 40 plasmas from term pregnant women at vaginal delivery. Blood samples were obtained simultaneously from the maternal vein, umbilical artery and umbilical vein. The mean values of lipids and apolipoproteins were significantly (P less than 0,0001) lower in umbilical vessels than in the mother. TC, HDL-C, TG and Apo B were significantly (P less than 0,0005) higher in umbilical vein than in umbilical artery. No significant differences in Apo B levels were found between umbilical vein and artery.

Apolipoproteins A↗
PubMed1984

[Antilipolytic activity in vitro of various analogs of nicotinic acid. Structure-activity relationship].

The antilipolytic activity of a series of N aryl-nicotinamides and of alpha picolinic acid, has been tested in vitro. Lipolysis was stimulated by epinephrine (20 micrograms/ml of incubation medium) using rat's epididymal adipose tissue slices. Only N(2-carboxy methyl phenyl) nicotinamide showed antilipolytic effect comparable to that of nicotinic acid at similar concentrations (2 X 10(-5) M). Picolinic acid (10(-4) M) showed no antilipolytic effect. These results, together with those of the literature, are discussed in regard to the relations between structure and antilipolytic activity.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1984

Plasma lipids and cholesterol esterification rate during pregnancy.

Total plasma cholesterol, cholesterol in high-density lipoproteins, unesterified cholesterol, total plasma triglycerides, and plasma cholesterol esterification rate were measured in three groups of subjects, including 176 pregnant, 22 nonpregnant, and 22 postpartum women. Total cholesterol levels showed a 49% increase during pregnancy, reaching a maximum at 33 to 36 weeks. Triglycerides showed a three-fold increase over the levels in nonpregnant women by 37 to 40 weeks' gestation. However, unesterified cholesterol percentage and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were hardly affected by pregnancy. The hyperlipidemia of pregnancy is accompanied by an increase in the plasma cholesterol esterification rate for the first half of gestation. During the second half of gestation there is little change in the plasma cholesterol esterification rate, in the presence of a continuing increase in plasma lipid levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Diet and serum lipids--lipoproteins: controlled studies in Europe.

Numerous controlled dietary experiments in various U.S. laboratories have demonstrated that fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of the diet influence human serum cholesterol concentration. Work in Ancel Keys's (1) laboratory has shown that the serum cholesterol changes produced by controlled dietary modifications in middle-aged, metabolically normal male subjects in energy balance can be predicted from changes in fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of the diet. The serum cholesterol changes are mostly accounted for by those of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The results of some of the European studies are generally comparable to those obtained in Minnesota. Thus, the results in one of the Finnish Hospital studies are in perfect agreement with the prediction of the Keys, Anderson, and Grande equation: good agreement has also been found with the results of a recent experiment by Schlierf et al. in Heidelberg. The effects of dietary cholesterol observed by Dutch workers are also in agreement with our prediction, when cholesterol (egg yolk) was added to a diet rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, but not when added to a diet rich in saturated fatty acids.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, lipids and lipoproteins in maternal and umbilical cord plasma.

The rate of cholesterol esterification, levels of total cholesterol (TC), unesterified cholesterol (UC), triglycerides (TG), total phospholipids (PL), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high density lipoprotein phospholipids (HDL-PL), apolipoprotein A (Apo A) and apolipoprotein B (Apo B) were measured in the plasma of 27 mothers and umbilical cord pairs at birth. The mean values were significantly (P less than 0.001) lower in the cord than in the mother. No significant correlations were found between maternal and umbilical levels regarding TC, UC, PL, Apo A, Apo B and rate of cholesterol esterification. However, plasma levels of HDL-C, HDL-PL and Apo A showed a slight positive correlation between mother and fetus HDL.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Cholesterol esterification in human plasma].

The initial rates of the reaction catalized by the lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase, were measured in the plasmas of two groups of normal subjects (20 males and 20 females) of the same age (average 20 years). The determination of the initial rate of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase reaction in human plasma was measured by a method based on the determination of plasma unesterified cholesterol by gas-liquid chromatography. With this technique the plasma esterification reaction is linear to approx. 75 min. The influence of sex, concentration of cholesterol total, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and unesterified cholesterol on the initial rate of plasma cholesterol esterification has been shown.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Independence of the effects of cholesterol and degree of saturation of the fat in the diet on serum cholesterol in man.

The effect on the fasting serum lipid levels of adding daily 291 mg of cholesterol to diets containing 3 mg of cholesterol and equal fat content, but different fatty acid composition, was tested on 12 young men. The saturated diet provided 97 g/day of a staurated oil made up of 2 parts of palm oil and 1 part of coconut oil. The polyunsatured diet provided 97 g/day of safflower oil. The cholesterol was dissolved in 40 g of either oil incorporated into a spread. A similar spread, devoid of cholesterol, was fed during the cholesterol free periods. Duration of dietary periods was 14 days. Addition of cholesterol produced a mean elevation of serum cholesterol of 9 mg/dl (SE +/- 2.1) in the presence of the saturated diet, and of 8 mg/dl (SE +/- 1.6) in the presence of the polyunsaturated diet. Both cholesterol elevations were significant (P less than 0.01) but not significantly different from each other. Substitution of the saturated diet for the polyunsatured diet caused a significant elevation of serum cholesterol which was the same when the substitution was made in the presence or in the absence of added dietary cholesterol.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Age influence on the lipolytic effect of glucagon in geese.

The lipolytic effect of glucagon was measured in vitro with adipose tissue of "young" (4-8 wk) and "old" (over 1 yr) geese. The response of the young geese tissue was about twice that observed with tissue of old geese, for glucagon concentrations of 0.05, 0.5, and 5.0 mug/ml. Our estimates indicate that the number of adipose cells per g of adipose tissue of young geese was three times that of the old geese tissue. This suggests that the greater lipolytic response to glucagon, observed in young geese adipose tissue, may possibly be due to its greater cellularity, rather than to a greater lipolytic response of the individual adipocyte. The lipolytic effect of glucagon in vivo, for each of the doses between 1.0 and 20.0 mug/kg, was significantly greater in the old than in the young geese. The slope of the linear equation relating log10 of glucagon dose and elevation of plasma FFA 5 min after injection, was significantly greater for the old than for the young geese. In the goose, therefore, the influence of age on the adipokinetic effect of glucagon appears to be mediated by factors operating in the whole animal, more than by changes in the adipose cell itself. A slower removal rate of circulating FFA by the old geese, could be one of these factors.

Adipose Tissue↗