Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to F Grimalt.
On turpentine being removed from the standard international series, and seeing that the % of positives in Spain were high, the Spanish group decided to study chromatographically the components of turpentine in order to know which of these components is present in the highest proportion. Various samples of turpentine are studied and the results are shown.
Firstly we showed the reason for the choice of each product used in the preparation of this cosmetic. After this we studied "in vitro" the effect of this preparation, and "in vivo" in 25 patients sensitive to Potassium dichromate. On seeing the null effect of this preparation, owing to the oxidation of ascorbic acid, on these 25 patients, we modified the formula, substituting the ascorbic acid and EDTA, respectively, for tartaric acid and glycine. The respective tests "in vitro" and "in vivo" on 20 patients, this time showed beneficial effect of this preparation in 60% of the patients tested. Of these 60%, a 25% have continue to work exposed to the allergen (dichromate or nickel) and the other 35% have continue working with lesions controlled by habitual topic therapy. This preparation can also be used, with less effect, for nickel.
A clinical review of footwear contact dermatitis is made. The battery of contact allergens for the patch test is proposed. A review of the cases studied in the Department during the last 11 years is presented. In approximately 25 per cent of typically clinical cases it is not possible to establish the exact cause of the contact allergy.
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4 patients with chronic photocontact dermatitis were sensitive to cobalt salts. They presented as cases of contact dermatitis from cement or pig fodder with persistent lesions on exposed areas. Only 2 of them had standard patch test positive reactions to chromate and cobalt, but all showed positive photo-patch tests to cobalt. Photo-oxidation tests proved that cobalt salts are photosensitizing. Exposure to cobalt salts was responsible for the patients' chronic actinic dermatitis.
Contact dermatitis in patients suffering acne is raising. These reactions are provoked by different sensitizing substances used in the treatment of acne. The Authors review the diverse possibilities of sensitisation in acne patients: contact dermatitis, primary irritation, photoallergy and phototoxicity, and "dermatitis by general administration of the allergen". The diverse acneiform contact dermatitis are reviewed and classified. The importance of acne venenata or contact acne--professional or no--, and different acneiform contact eruptions or by ingestion, is emphasized.
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Among 4600 patients tested in 5 years (1973--77), 5.02% of them (231 cases) presented positivity to Benzidine. Of them 16.4% (38 cases) showed concomitant sensitization to one or more allergens of the tested substances of p-amino compounds group. Among the patients who suffered from clinically diagnosed occupational contact dermatitis and showed a positive reaction to Benzidine, 66% of them showed positive reactions to Benzidine as a unique patch-test positivity, whereas 34% of them reacted to Benzidine and to other allergens as well. The occupations where a sensitization to other allergens as well. The occupations were a sensitization to Benzidine was found in a relatively high number were: mechanical industry, house-wives, construction workers, textile industry, hairdressers, and chemical industry. Histological studies of the patch-tests confirm the allergic nature of the reaction. The sources of eventual sensitization and the significance of the circumstantial positivities to this allergen are discussed.
The authors report five cases of a non specific clinical eruption in patients who wore "milwaukee". The lesions appeared 20 to 50 days after they begun to use the "milwaukee", in the zones where the plastic contacted their skin. Negative patch test, and microscopical studies of lesions and patch tests, suggested an irritative non allergic dermatitis.
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16 patients with a contact dermatitis limited to the thighs where polyamide trouser pockets contact are described. In a few patients there was also a photosensitive-like flare-up on the uncovered parts, such as face, neck and upper chest. Covered and uncovered lesions disappeared on changing their polyamide pockets to cotton ones. 11 of the 16 patients reacted positively to their own pockets. The clinical features, the histopathological studies and photobiological exploration are exposed. The actual linings used in the dressmaking industry are exposed. The procedures of fabrication and textile finishing of these pockets are described, also the chemicals used in these processes. Four cases showed sensitization to Bisphenol-A, but the intervention of epoxy resins in the fabrication of the pockets was technically denied. The relationship between these patients and other similar reported cases is discussed.