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Biomedical subjects

F Guy

Publications and source records attributed to F Guy.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Novel ELISA for detection of Neospora-specific antibodies in cattle.

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies to Neospora species in cattle was developed. Whole formalin-fixed Neospora caninum (NC-Liverpool) tachyzoites were used as antigen and a monoclonal antibody to bovine immunoglobulin light chain and an anti-mouse horseradish peroxidase conjugate were used to reveal bound antibody. A panel of 46 sera, negative by the immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT), were used in the ELISA at a serum dilution of 1:500 to calculate the negative cut-off value of OD405 = 0.77. There was a 95 per cent agreement between the results of the ELISA and the IFAT with 104 serum samples. The specificity and sensitivity of the ELISA were 96 per cent and 95 per cent, respectively, when compared with the IFAT. No significant cross-reaction was observed with the sera from cattle infected experimentally with Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium parvum, Babesia divergens, Sarcocystis cruzi, Eimeria alabamensis or E bovis. A significantly modified version of the test is now commercially available.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Multifocal malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the spine.

A 40-year-old patient was seen because of a three-month history of low back pain unresponsive to standard therapy. Crush fractures of T12 and L2 were seen on plain radiographs. A magnetic resonance imaging study disclosed lesions of all the vertebral bodies from T12 to the sacrum sparing the disks and epidural space. Histologic features of a vertebral biopsy specimen was consistent with malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the bone. The multifocal distribution caused some reluctance to accept this diagnosis, which was, however, confirmed by detailed immunohistochemical studies and reevaluation of the histologic slides by independent observers who were unaware of the initial diagnosis. Chemotherapy with doxorubicin and cisplatin was started but the patient died 15 months after the diagnosis. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma mainly affects the metaphyses of the long tubular bones. The spine is a very uncommon site of localization of this tumor. The multifocal spinal lesions in our patient may have been produced by metastases from an unidentified primary or by direct spread via the perivertebral soft tissues of a primary located in a vertebral body. The management of malignant fibrous histiocytoma relies on a combination of surgery and chemotherapy. Although complete excision of the tumor can be followed by prolonged survival, the prognosis is bleak in unresectable forms.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Automatic detection of cardiac contours on MR images using fuzzy logic and dynamic programming.

This paper deals with the use of fuzzy logic and dynamic programming in the detection of cardiac contours in MR Images. The definition of two parameters for each pixel allows the construction of the fuzzy set of the cardiac contour points. The first parameter takes into account the grey level, and the second the presence of an edge. A corresponding fuzzy matrix is derived from the initial image. Finally, a dynamic programming with graph searching is performed on this fuzzy matrix. The method has been tested on several MR images and the results of the contouring were validated by an expert in the domain. This preliminary work clearly demonstrates the interest of this method, although a formal evaluation has to be done.

Fuzzy Logic↗
PubMed1995

Characterization of the first European isolate of Neospora caninum (Dubey, Carpenter, Speer, Topper and Uggla).

Neospora caninum is an apicomplexan, protozoan parasite, which causes severe disease in dogs and cattle. It has previously been isolated only in the United States. A 5-week-old Boxer pup with a progressive hindlimb paresis was diagnosed as suffering from neosporosis on the basis of clinical signs and the presence of anti-Neospora antibodies in it, 2 litter-mates and its dam. Despite treatment with sulphonamides, the pup was euthanased 3 days later. The diagnosis of neosporosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical examination of muscle and CNS tissue sections from the pup. Parasites were isolated into Vero cell culture from the cerebrum, and confirmed as Neospora caninum by immunofluorescence with specific antibody, tachyzoite ultrastructure and 16S-like ribosomal RNA sequences. This isolate (designated NC-Liverpool) has been continuously passaged every 7-10 days. Its growth characteristics, ultrastructure and antigenic profile, as revealed by immunoblotting, have revealed no major differences from the American NC-1 isolate. Furthermore, no difference was seen when comparing the sequences of 16S-like ribosomal RNA and the ITS1 region of the two isolates.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Serological evidence implicating Neospora species as a cause of abortion in British cattle.

By means of an immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), using in vitro cultured parasites as antigen, antibodies to Neospora species at titres > or = 1/1280 were found in 11 of 120 Scottish cattle that had recently aborted but in only one of 97 cattle from herds in which there had been no recent abortions (P < 0.01). The specificity of the antibodies was confirmed by the lack of cross reactivity between samples with high titres to Neospora and toxoplasma antigen in a direct agglutination test, and by the absence of reactivity at > or = 1/640 in the IFAT of convalescent sera from cattle infected experimentally with Toxoplasma gondii, Sarcocystis cruzi, Eimeria bovis, E alabamensis, Cryptosporidium parvum and Babesia divergens. These results demonstrate that Neospora species infection occurs commonly in aborting cattle in Britain, and that the IFAT may be a useful tool for investigating the infection.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1993

Prevalence of antibodies to Neospora caninum in a population of urban dogs in England.

Of 163 dogs, randomly selected from those examined at the University of Liverpool Small Animal Hospital, 12.9 per cent had antibody titres > or = to 1/200 to Neospora caninum in an indirect fluorescent antibody test. None was apparently suffering clinical neosporosis. There was no association between the occurrence of neospora antibodies and either toxoplasma antibodies measured by the dye test, sex, age, type of feeding or the presence of other dogs in the household. Antibody was detected at titres > or = to 1/200 in nine breeds, suggesting that there is a substantial level of subclinical infection in British dogs.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Characteristics of the menstrual cycles during the postpartum period without breast feeding according to the nature of the first period: ovulatory or anovulatory].

The authors have analyzed the characteristics of menstrual cycles during the post-partum without breastfeeding, according to the nature of the first period. 172 women gave the thermal curve from childbirth to the first period. Among them, 118, 111, 98 and 54 women gave the self-observation data concerning, respectively, the first, second, third and the fourth cycle after the first period. They have noticed more short luteal phases and delays in ovulation after an anovulatory first period than after an ovulatory first period. The hormonal studies in the post-partum without breastfeeding seem not to explain the whole of these anomalies ascertained beyond twelve post-partum weeks. Most authors admit that the gonadotropin axis returns to a normal state within the fifth post-partum week. Because of the peculiar kinetics of follicle development, the ovary could be an important component of the "remnant effect of gestation", that is to say, of the delay of return to post-partum ovulation following the gestation state.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Can analysis of previous post-partum periods provide prognostic indicators on the return of fertility after delivery?].

Evaluation of self-observation signs noted during post-partum, enables to study the physiology of this period. The signs analyzed in this study are: discharge of vaginal secretions, temperature discrepancy and bleeding. The originality of the study lies in the comparison of successive post-partum periods: 2 to 6 post-partum periods were studied in 163 women; in addition, we studied 38 cases including breast feeding time details and children reactions. The authors described especially the retention effect of the pregnancy and the inhibiting effect of breast feeding on the return of the fertility, by progressively escaping these two effects, and the part of the woman's reaction.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1984

[Phlebography after total prosthesis. Action of subcutaneous sodium heparin in the prevention of thromboembolism. Results of therapeutic research with subcutaneous sodium heparin using 2 protocols in 250 patients monitored with phlebography].

Two series of patients on which total hip or knee prostheses had been inserted were studied. In the first series (150 cases), the patients were treated with low molecular Dextran and subcutaneous sodium heparin at a constant dosage. The Howell test was done every 3 days. The rate of post-operative thrombosis was 14 p. 100. In the second series (100 cases), the patients were treated with low molecular Dextran and subcutaneous sodium heparin with a variable dose adapted to the type of patient. The rate of post-operative thrombosis was only 7 p. 100. The insertion of a knee prosthesis was much more thrombogenic than hip prostheses. In the second series the rate of thrombosis after hip surgery was only 2 p. 100. However a number of complications relating to anticoagulation were a limiting factor of the method.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1975

Studies with Brugia pahangi. III: Histological changes in the affected lymph nodes of infected cats.

Cats infected with Brugia pahangi by single or repeated inoculation of infective larvae for different periods of time, were autopsied and the affected lymph nodes examined histologically, stained with methyl green and pyronin Y, haematoxylin and eosin, Lendrum's eosinophil stain, Mallory's trichrome stain or the May-Grunwald Giemsa technique. In single infections, there was initially a cell-mediated type immunological response which was characterized by proliferation of mononuclear thymus-dependent cells in the paracortical region of the lymph node. The antibody-type response became more evident as the infections progressed. This response was characterized by proliferation of lymphocytes in rapidly enlarging germinal centres and the production of large numbers of plasma cells in the cortico-medullary junction and medullary cords of the nodes. In long term infections, the affected afferent lymphatic vessel and popliteal node were almost obliterated by fibrous tissue, but an inguinal lymph node complex usually developed to replace lymphatic filtration in the limb. Repeated infections produced more complicated changes. Both types of response occurred to varying degrees throughout the infection. No significant increase in mast cells or eosinophil cells was seen. Fibrous tissue increased in the lymph nodes only after long periods of infection; such nodes often became non-functional, and by-passed by new lymphatic vessels.

Animals↗