PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F H Adams

Publications and source records attributed to F H Adams.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Pediatric cardiology manpower in the 1980s.

The allocation of professional time of board-certified pediatric cardiologists in 1980 to 1981 was compared with that of pediatric cardiologists in 1967, by use of a similar questionnaire. At both times, the majority of pediatric cardiologists were in a full-time academic or hospital setting. In 1980 to 1981, the number of hours devoted to professional activities was significantly less than during the earlier period, with the reduction being principally in amount of time devoted to research, either clinical or basic, and teaching. This change has implications for manpower and the scientific aspects of pediatric cardiology. An average of 40 physicians enter pediatric cardiology yearly. With the current number of certified pediatric cardiologists, and a modest number of pediatric cardiologists who will leave the field in the next half decade, we project 900 pediatric cardiologists in 1990. A number of factors are discussed that will influence the needs for pediatric cardiologists.

Cardiology↗
PubMed1980

The quantity of natural surfactant necessary to prevent the respiratory distress syndrome in premature lambs.

Premature lambs at 118 to 122 days of gestation were delivered by caesarean section and received before the first breath 0, 19, 53 or 64 mg natural surfactant total lipid (TL) per kg body weight (BW). The seven lambs receiving no surfactant died within 40.1 +/- 7.5 min, whereas the lambs treated with surfactant survived the 2-hr experimental period. Nineteen mg surfactant TL per kg BW preserved lung function; the pH and blood gas measurements were similar to those measured in lambs receiving 53 mg TL per kg BW or more surfactant. Pressure volume and surface tension characteristics were significantly improved after the administration of 19 mg of surfactant, but surface activity was still poor when compared to lambs receiving 53 mg TL per kg BW or more surfactant. The dose of surfactant (53 mg TL per kg BW) that resulted in good surface activity measurements in vitjro was similar to other estimates of the amount of surfactant necessary to cover the alveolar space.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Maturational changes in left and right ventricular electromechanical intervals in the newborn lamb.

Electromechanical intervals of right and left ventricles were examined in newborn lambs (9 hours to 42 days). The electromechanical interval of the left ventricle did not change with maturation, while that of the right ventricle became progressively longer, resulting in an increasing ventricular mechanical asynchrony. We postulate that the pattern of developing mechanical asynchrony described may occur secondary to postnatal changes in ventricular morphology.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Cytogenetic effects of contrast media and triiodobenzoic acid derivatives in human lymphocytes.

Micronuclei counts in blood samples from 9 patients before and after angiocardiography have confirmed previous results suggesting the diatrizoate contrast medium was largely responsible for the observed cytogenetic damage. To discover the agents in the medium causing the cytogenetic damage, we exposed human lymphocyte cultures to diatrizoate and to the monoamino- and diamino-derivatives of triiodobenzoic acid. The results show the amino-derivatives are capable of inhibiting mitosis and inducing micronuclei and chromosome aberrations at lower concentrations than diatrizoate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effects of tracheal instillation of natural surfactant in premature lambs. I. Clinical and autopsy findings.

Ten pairs of twin lambs 118--122 days of gestation were given either natural surfactant or diluent endotracheally before the first breath. By using the premature twin lamb model, we have been able to show that instillation of natural surfactant produced 100% survival for the duration of the study period (2 hr); stable blood gases on room air; lungs that became increasingly compliant while on the respirator; generally well aerated lungs at autopsy; good lung pressure-volume relationships; normal lung surface tension measurements; and histologic evidence of good alveolar expansion with large amounts of free intraluminal phospholipid, no epithelial damage, and no hyaline membranes. It is concluded that tracheal instillation of natural surfactant into the premature lamb protects the lungs from developing many features characteristic of the respiratory distress syndrome.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Chromosome damage in infants and children after cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography.

Current diagnostic cardiac studies in infants and children result in longer x-ray exposure times and in more angiocardiograms per patient. Blood samples removed before and immediately after such studies in 20 infants and children have shown chromosome damage in all. The damage was equal to an in vitro absorbed dose in the range of 20 to 50 rads. Since the effect was considerably greater than that calculated from the x-ray exposure dose to the patient, it is concluded that the damage is mainly due to the contrast agent used in angiocardiography. Long-term follow-up studies on such patients are indicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Effect of radiation and contrast media on chromosomes. Preliminary report.

Measurements of chromosome aberrations or micronuclei in lymphocytes obtained from 7 patients indicate that angiocardiography produced chromosome damage corresponding to an average absorbed dose of about 50 rads. This is an order of magnitude larger than was estimated from the exposure rate. Experiments on lymphocytes suspended in solutions of methylglucamine and sodium diatrizoate (Renografin) or sodium diatrizoate alone (Hypaque) indicate that the chromosome damage observed in the patients is due in larger part to two effects: (a) an increased absorption of x rays as compared to blood and (b) a breakage of chromosomes even in the absence of x rays.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Restoration of lung pressure-volume characteristics with surfactant: comparison of nebulization versus instillation and natural versus synthetic surfactant.

The pressure-volume (PV) characteristics of 21 adult rat lungs were examined before and after lung washing after which natural or synthetic (dipalmitoyl lecithin (DPL)) surfactant was administered by either an ultrasonic nebulizer or instilled directly into the trachea. Lungs receiving surfactant by nebulization were ventilated at a rate of 40/min at 20 cm H2O peak inspiratory pressure and with 7 cm H2O positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) for 2 hr. Lungs receiving surfactant by instillation were ventilated for 5 min in a fashion similar to the nebulization study; then a final PV curve was obtained. Results from the deflation limb of the PV curves at 5 and 10 cm H2O were analyzed and expressed as a percentage of the original total lung capacity obtained at 30 cm H2O (percentage of TLC). The control values of percentage of TLC were 52.8 +/- 6.4 at 5 cm H2O and 73.9 +/- 3.9 at 10 cm H2O. Neither nebulization nor instillation of DPL produced a significant increase in percentage of TLC. Nebulization of natural surfactant produced only a slight increase in percentage of TLC from 4.8 +/- 2,4 to 6.7 +/- 2.1 (not significant) at 5 cm H2O and from 21.1 +/- 6.1 to 27.8 +/- 5.4 (P less than 0.05) at 10 cm H2O. Instillation of natural surfactant produced a very striking increase of percentage of TLC from 13.2 +/- 8.0 to 55.6 +/- 4.3 (P less than 0.01) at 5 cm H2O and from 47.9 +/- 6.1 to78.6 +/- 4.2 (P less than 0.01) at 10 cm H2O.

Aerosols↗