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Biomedical subjects

F H Linthicum

Publications and source records attributed to F H Linthicum.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Diagnosis of perilymph fistula using ENG and impedance.

The presence of perilymph fistula has been difficult to determine because of the lack of efficient and reliable testing methods. The condition is suspected on the basis of history alone and confirmed by surgery. This paper details a quick, reliable procedure called the ENG fistula test, using impedance bridge for pressure change and electronystagmography to aid the establishment of nystagmus and dizziness. To evaluate this procedure, a combination of tests were performed, including Valsalva maneuver, tragal compression, and pneumatic otoscopy, which were previously considered helpful in the diagnosis of fistula. Of them, Valsalva maneuver and tragal compression proved inconclusive; pneumatic otoscopy proved to be helpful. In comparison, however, the ENG fistula test proved most valuable, with results surgically confirmed in 90.8% of cases in this series. This study involved 74 patients whose primary complaint was dizziness. Only some patients simultaneously experienced hearing lows. Included are 5 patients whose positive ENG fistula test results and 15 whose negative test results were confirmed by surgery. Selected case histories are presented.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1980

Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of the rugose portion of the human endolymphatic sac--a preliminary report.

The rugose portion of two human endolymphatic sacs--one from a Meniere's disease patient, the other from a patient who underwent removal of an eighth nerve tumor and had no other evidence of inner ear disease--has been examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The only morphological finding that distinguished the normal from the Meniere's disease specimen was more folds in the epithelium of the normal sac. Two types of cells have been distinguished in the two sacs through both scanning and transmission electron microscopy: cuboidal-to-columnar cells with a convex luminal surface and microvilli, and squamous cells with a flat luminal surface and microvilli. Qualitative differentiation of the two specimens according to frequency of cellular type or difference in cellular or microvillar morphology was not possible. Observations of this study on the epithelial morphology of the rugose portion did not correspond with descriptions of the epithelial morphology in animals. It is, therefore, tentatively concluded that the morphology of the rugose portion of the human endolymphatic sac is different from that of animals. This study suggests that scanning electron microscopy can be used to determine the number and location of cell types and/or the quantity of microvilli in the rugose portion of the endolymphatic sac. Comparison of measurements of normal endolymphatic sacs and those from Meniere's disease patients may demonstrate significant differences.

Ear, Inner↗
PubMed1979

Traumatic neuroma: a complication of transcanal labyrinthectomy.

Transcanal labyrinthectomy is frequently unsuccessful in controlling vertigo due to intractable Meniere's disease. It may in fact make the condition worse due to the formation of a traumatic neuroma. The translabyrinthine vestibular nerve section is more reliable, but the morbidity is greater. Therefore, the transcanal procedure is usually recommended as the initial procedure, but the patient is warned that a second more extensive procedure may be necessary to control dizziness.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Hereditary deafness in children: diagnosis and a family report.

A family with hereditary deafness is presented. The mother and ten of her children suffer sensorineural hearing loss. The maternal grandparents and four uncles and aunts were all hard of hearing. Clinical examination revealed no accompanying gross anomalies. In one child, Mondini deformity is the cause of deafness. In the rest of the family isolated membranous labyrinth deformity is suggested. The methods of early diagnosis are discussed, among which polytomography proved the most reliable for diagnosing Mondini and Michel deformities. We demonstrated how early fitting of hearing aids is essential for language acquisition and speech development. Clinical ability to differentiate between subtypes of inner ear hereditary deafness not accompanied by gross anomalies is limited. This problem and the problem arising from late diagnosis are illustrated by a report on a family of ten children, nine of whom suffer sensorineural hearing loss.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Bilateral cochlear implants: histological findings in a pair of temporal bones.

The specimens were obtained from a 63-year-old white male with acquired lues. The patient experienced sudden profound deafness on the left side 15 years prior to death, and a similar loss on the right side 3 years later. By the time of death he had carried a single induction coil in the right ear for 3 years and multiple (5) hardwire electrodes in the left ear for 8 years. A complete micro-dissection or "mini-autopsy" of the specimens was performed, and the modiolus was sectioned. Photomicrographs of the dissections will be shown. In the right ear supporting elements and numerous nerve fibers were present in the apical turn. The electrode on this side was apparently tolerated well; scala tympani was normal in shape and appearance. On the left side no nerve fibers were found in the osseous spiral lamina and there was extensive new bone formation in scala tympani. It is difficult to determine if or to what extent the implants were responsible for the severe sensorineural degeneration observed in both specimens. There was severe scarring and ossification of the posterior ampulla in both ears, in all likelihood resulting from the surgery. Some aspects of surgical techniques will be discussed in view of the histopathological findings.

Cochlea↗
PubMed1979

Middle fossa vestibular nerve section. A histopathological report.

A patient with Meniere's disease underwent a middle fossa superior and inferior vestibular nerve section with excision of Scarpa's ganglia. Studies of this patient's temporal bone, conducted two and one-half years post-operatively, showed normal cochlear and facial nerves. The internal auditory canal showed fibrosis and new periosteal bone formation. There was complete denervation of the vestibular labyrinth except for the posterior semicircular canal crista. Fibrous and osteoid tissue filled the superior and lateral semicircular canals. In this case, these severe degenerative changes, presumably associated with biochemical changes in the vestibular labyrinth, altered the natural course of Meniere's disease. Vertigo was completely relieved, tinnitus improved, and hearing thresholds stabilized during the course of post-operative follow-up.

Ear↗
PubMed1978

Viral causes of sensorineural hearing loss.

Many viruses, even the common cold, are capable of producing sensorineural hearing loss. Treatment so far available is ineffective in correcting these losses. However, as the technology of vaccination advances, it is hoped that these can be prevented. Poliomyelitis and smallpox have been virtually eliminated from this country. Measles, rubella, and mumps are coming under control. Perhaps in the future we will be able to completely control influenza and the common cold and thus prevent many of the sensorineural hearing losses that we see today.

Cochlea↗
PubMed1977

Ossicular transplants: histologic findings in animals and man.

Numerous papers have been published in the past 15 years in which the authors attempted to predict the results of surgical procedures on humans by analyzing the findings in animals undergoing similar procedures. Our experience in analyzing animal and human temporal bones indicates that conclusions drawn on this basis are frequently invalid. We reviewed temporal bones of monkeys and cats that had had a variety of surgical procedures. There is much more middle ear fibrosis, particularly in the epithmpanum, in these animals than one finds in human temporal bones. In a number of animals in which middle ear procedures were performed, hydrops of the inner ear or labyrinthitis occurred. This has not been the experience in human middle ear surgical procedures. An extensive review of the literature indicates that most investigators are of the same opinion. However, there are still those who are performing experiments using ossicular transplants, stapedectomy techniques, etc., who attempt to correlate the findings in animals in anticipation of what the same procedures might do to the human middle and inner ear. It appears from our experience, and that of many other investigators, that the ultimate fate of ossicular repositioning and transplantation in various animals cannot be used to predict what might happen in human beings.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Unrelated sensorineural hearing loss in patients with otosclerosis. A report of three cases.

Although it is generally accepted that 20% or more of patients with clinically manifest otosclerosis have a concomitant sensorineural hearing loss, it is still debated whether otosclerosis is the cause of the neural loss. Three cases are presented of other causes of sensorineural loss in otosclerotic patients who underwent stapes surgery. One of these cases, the Mondini malformation, is discussed in detail.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Symposium on sensorineural hearing loss in children: early detection and intervention. Evaluation of the child with sensorineural hearing impairment.

When the physician is confronted with a child with sensorineural hearing impairment, he should do everything in his power to establish the cause of the hearing loss in order to diagnose those conditions that might be corrected or controlled and to counsel the parent concerning the child's future. Certain physical characteristic should alert the physician to the fact that there may be an accompanying sensorineural hearing loss. The family, gestational, and postnatal history may help establish this diagnosis. Finally, laboratory and x-ray examinations should be performed in an attempt to arrive at a definitive diagnosis.

Cerebral Palsy↗
PubMed1972

Neonatal hearing screening.

Auditory testing of neonates has received considerable attention in the last few years. As a result, several machines have been devised for this type of evaluation. It has been proposed that this equipment can be utilized by volunteer personnel to assess the hearing of infants. This investigation indicates that even trained audiologists are unable to make a definitive estimate of the hearing level in many newborns.

Deafness↗