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Biomedical subjects

F H Stefani

Publications and source records attributed to F H Stefani.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Immunoscintigraphy in intraocular malignant melanoma.

Immunoscintigraphy of malignant tumours has become an encouraging tool in nuclear medicine. Early diagnosis of small lesions is mandatory for successful cancer therapy. The scintigraphic detectability of small lesions (less than 1 cm in diameter) by immunoscintigraphy is shown in 39 patients suffering from ocular tumours (37 malignant choroidal melanoma, two benign choroidal naevi) using 99Tcm-labelled F(ab')2 fragments of the anti-melanoma monoclonal antibody 225.28S; this antibody recognizes the high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigen. No adverse effects were observed. In terms of true-positive results, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) proved to be superior to planar scans (73% versus 41% true-positive results).

Aged↗
PubMed1988

An epidemiological assessment of lens opacifications that impaired vision in patients injected with radium-224.

The incidence of lens opacifications that impaired vision (cataract) was analyzed among 831 patients who were injected with known dosages of 224Ra in Germany shortly after World War II. The dependence of the incidence on dosage, i.e., injected activity per unit body weight, and on time after treatment was determined. The observations are equally consistent with proportionality of the incidence of cataract to the square of dosage or with a linear dependence beyond a threshold of 0.5 MBq/kg. The possibility of a linear dependence without threshold was strongly rejected (P less than 0.001). The analysis of temporal dependences yielded a component that was correlated with the injected amount of 224Ra and a component that was uncorrelated. The former was inferred by a maximum likelihood analysis to increase approximately as the square of the time after treatment. The component unrelated to the treatment was found to increase steeply with age and to become dominant within the collective of patients between age 50 and 60. The relative magnitudes of the two components were such that a fraction of 55 to 60% of the total of 58 cataracts had to be ascribed to the dose-related incidence. Impaired vision due to cataract was diagnosed before age 54 in 25 cases. In terms of injected activity per unit body weight no dependence of the sensitivity on age was found; specifically there was no indication of a faster occurrence of the treatment-related cataracts in patients treated at older ages.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Optic nerve neuropathy following a lightning accident--electrophysiologic and computerized tomography findings].

A case is described in which the patient had been struck by lightning, with involvement of one eye and the visual pathways. Ophthalmological examination revealed a posterior capsule cataract in the right eye and peripheral constriction of the visual field of the left eye, although central vision in the left eye was not affected. The peak latency of the pattern reversal-evoked potentials in the left eye was longer and their amplitude lower. The skin ERG was normal. The CT scan revealed a thickening of the left optic nerve. The importance of electrophysiological and CT scan examination in the diagnosis and etiology of abnormalities caused in the eye by lightning is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Echographic findings in metastization in an extraocular muscle].

Clinical, echographic, radiological (CT, NMR), and histopathological findings in a 57-year-old male patient who presented with proptosis of the left eye and diplopia caused by a histologically proven metastasis of a clinically silent small-cell carcinoma of the lung. Echographic problems of the differential diagnosis of orbital metastases are discussed.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1987

T lymphocytes of the normal human cornea.

Lymphocytes in the periphery of the normal human cornea are identified as being only T lymphocytes by immunohistochemical methods. OKT-4 positive cells (T-helper/inducer lymphocytes) and OKT-8 positive cells (T-suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocytes) are found in similar numbers in most of the corneas examined. OKT-4 positive cells in the cornea present a risk of transferring HTLV-III (HIV) by corneal grafting.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

[Radioimmunoscintigraphy with monoclonal antibodies].

Radioimmunoscintigraphy is presented as a new imaging modality in nuclear medicine, using specific antigen-antibody interactions. Monoclonal antibodies to tumor-associated antigens facilitate the characterization of molecular differences between tumors and normal cells. Labelled with gamma-emitting radioisotopes like I-131, I-123, In-111, and Tc99M, these antibodies can be used for in-vivo imaging. Radioimmunoscintigraphy does not compete with morphological modalities like CT and ultrasound, but provides additional information based on its functional principle. Hidden lesions may be detected. Target-to-background ratios, however, are still rather low hampering scintigraphic imaging. The use of Single Photon Emissions Computed Tomography (SPECT) in addition to planar scintigraphy resolves background activities thus providing better visualization and localization of tumors, and increasing sensitivity. The high cost of these time-consuming studies is still a limiting factor to its wider use. Its preliminary indication is founded on the suspicion of tumor progression, based on clinical findings and/or increasing serum tumor markers (CEA, CA 19-9, CA 12-5). This paper provides an overview over possible applications of radioimmunoscintigraphy. Its clinical use is demonstrated by studies of malignant melanoma, colorectal cancer and ovarian cancer.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

A prognostic index for patients with malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva.

From 1968 to 1984, 31 patients with histologically proven malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva were treated and followed in the Eye Hospital of the University of München. Histological demonstration of tumor thickness and the mitotic index (number of mitoses per square millimeter) gave a the prognostic index, in which tumor thickness was multiplied by the mitotic index. This index then allowed evaluation of the risk for tumor metastasis. Most tumors measured less than 1.5 mm in thickness, and the metastatic risk was low or medium in these cases. All tumors of the low metastatic risk group had a prognostic index of 1 or less, while all recurrences were associated with a prognostic index that exceeded 1.

Conjunctival Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

[Topographic-surgical anatomy of the pediatric pars plana].

The width of the pars plana and the distances between the corneo-limbal junction and the posterior aspect of the pars plicata as well as of the ora serrata were determined by measurement in 17 autopsy eyes and additional 12 dissected autopsy eyes of premature and mature babies and infants. The data were correlated to age and length of the globe. The site of sclerotomy in transscleral lensectomy of congenital cataracts is discussed.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1985

On the pathology of the ciliary sulcus.

The so-called ciliary sulcus of the posterior chamber of the eye is the place of fixation for some of the posterior chamber lenses. It is only recently that this borderline between the iris root and the ciliary processes gained more interest among clinical ophthalmologists. Little is known on tissue reactions in ocular diseases at this very location. Possible reactions are presented based on the material of the Department of Ocular Pathology of the University Eye Hospital München. The main result of this study is the finding of marked fibrovascular proliferative reactions in inflammatory diseases, and vascular proliferations in diabetic and postthrombotic neovascular glaucoma. It is suggested that such proliferations might be the source of intraocular bleeding after posterior chamber lens implantation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Phthisis bulbi--an intraocular fluoride proliferative reaction.

This study reports the findings in 74 mainly posttraumatic phthisical human eyes enucleated after varying time intervals. It was usually a result of severe anterior segment injury with marked intraocular hemorrhage and tissue damage. In summary, the tissue reactions in these eyes are those known from wound healing elsewhere in the body with additional traction changes and ocular hypotension. In phthisis bulbi the complex reactions associated with inflammatory, healing, and scarring processes reach a maximum within the first 3 months, but can go on for years. Cell proliferation and transformation are early and important features of this process which lead to retinal and ciliochoroidal detachment, hypotension and marked shrinkage of the globe. The results also indicate that reactions initiated by intraocular hemorrhages have an important part in the development of phthisis bulbi. The process of phthisis bulbi is a process of wound healing in the sense of an intraocular fluoride proliferative reaction. Main areas of proliferation are the pars plana of the ciliary body, the optic disc and the base of the iris. Finally degenerative changes will develop additionally. It appears that repair of the injured tissues with early primary (within 6 h) and secondary (within the first 2 weeks) intraocular surgery and other preventive surgical measures should be performed by an experienced surgeon. Further work on postoperative medical treatment to control the secondary reactions is needed. To compare the therapeutic efforts a 5-stage classification is proposed.

Adolescent↗