The mandibular prognathism of the Spanish Habsburgs.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to F Härle.
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The nasal approach for operations of the maxillary sinus is becoming increasingly popular. The oral approach provides the best access for demonstration of the orbital floor, for ligation of the maxillary artery, for drainage of resistant rhinogenic sinusitis, and for removal of foreign bodies, tooth roots, dislocated teeth, odontogenic cysts and benign tumours of the maxillary sinus. Formerly the anterior wall of the maxillary sinus was removed, but nowadays procedures preserving the bone are chosen. The classical otorhinolaryngological incision lies in the limbus of the vestibule. Maxillofacial surgeons prefer an incision at the junction of the attached to the unattached gingiva because scars in the limbus of the vestibule create problems during later fitting of a denture. A follow-up of 40 patients shows that the gingival marginal incision causes no problems. This incision, introduced by Peter in 1930, is therefore preferred. The marginal incision does not leave any visible scars. It corresponds to an incision on the alveolar ridge in the edentulous patient.
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Trauner's (1952) open and Brown's (1953) closed method of lowering of the floor of the mouth are compared. Discomfort and other side effects were the same for both procedures, but Trauners method scores considerably better in the long term result.
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Hydroxylapatite is used for maxillary ridge augmentation in combination with a submucous vestibuloplasty. Undermining and internal incision of the flabby ridge provides a tunnel for Hydroxylapatite insertion. After three weeks the augmented maxilla is stable enough for prosthetic treatment. Indications, technique and first year experience with 7 cases are described.
Theoretical considerations and photoelastic and mechanical experiments showed us the progression from metal wires to metal plates in different systems. In the midface there is no question about stabilization by miniplate systems. For mandibular fracture treatment, there is a discussion going on at present about the use of stable maxisystems versus less stable minisystems. Our clinical experience of 15 years indicates that there is no further demand for strict stable fixation of mandibular fractures, and we were encouraged to use less stable systems with similar good results, as our follow-up and statistical evaluation showed. To continue the simplification of osteosynthesis methods we are performing experiments with resorbable materials. Early results show fracture healing comparable with that found with plate-and-screw systems. Our clinical experience has shown that there is no longer any question about the ability of stable fracture treatment by means of osteosynthesis. However, there still is the question of how functional such fracture treatment might be.
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In 1975, a method of operation was described whereby the alveolar ridge of the mandible is osteotomied and moved on the visor principle. The two parts are fixed together with wires, thereby increasing the absolute height of the mandibular alveolar ridge. The visor-osteotomy, in conjunction with vestibuloplasty and lowering of the floor of the mouth, significantly improves the denture-bearing area, without the need for, and risk incurred by free-bone transplantation. The post-operative results after 5 years were recorded in ten patients. There was 18% resorption of the augmented alveolar ridge over the first year; in the second year it was 10% and in the third year 8% (0.6 mm); in the 4th and 5th years it was 3% (0.2 mm). The same amount of mandibular resorption occurs following a simple, total vestibuloplasty. Four years after a visor mandibular ridge augmentation, the mandible shows physiological resorption.
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