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Biomedical subjects

F Hatton

Publications and source records attributed to F Hatton.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Complications associated with anaesthesia--a prospective survey in France.

A prospective survey of complications associated with anaesthesia was carried out in France from 1978 to 1982 in a representative sample of 198,103 anaesthetics performed in 460 public and private institutions chosen at random in the country as a whole. There were 268 major complications associated with anaesthesia occurring during or within 24 hours of anaesthesia (one per 739 anaesthetics), among which 67 were followed by death within 24 hours and 16 by coma persistent after the 24th hour. The incidence of death and coma was one per 2387 anaesthetics. The incidence of death and coma totally attributable to anaesthesia was one per 7924 anaesthetics. Fifty-eight per cent of complications occurred during anaesthesia while 42 per cent were observed during the recovery period. Mortality was lower following complications during anaesthesia than for those during the recovery period. Half of the deaths and cases of coma totally attributable to anaesthesia were due to postanaesthetic respiratory depression. The rate of complications appeared to be dependent upon several risk factors: the patient's age, the number of associated diseases, the preoperative status, whether the operation was an emergency and the duration of procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Cardiac arrest during anesthesia and the recovery period. Data from the INSERM survey 1978-1982].

This report analyses rate, predisposing factors, causes and outcome of 458 cardiac arrests occurring during anaesthesia and the following 24 hours and collected in France by a national prospective survey between 1978 and 1982. The overall rate of cardiac arrests was 1 per 433 anaesthetics, resulting in death before the 24th postoperative hour in 79% of cases, i.e. 1 per 547 anaesthetics. Cardiac arrests not related to anaesthesia were three times more frequent than those related to anaesthesia. Among these, one half is partially related to anaesthesia and the other totally. The prognosis of cardiac arrests totally related to anaesthesia is six times better than that of not related arrests (64% of recoveries without sequelae vs 10%). The cardiac arrests not related to anaesthesia occur mainly at the end of surgery and the following 24 hours. The main causes are hypovolaemia, sepsis and severity of surgical illness. Among cardiac arrests related to anaesthesia, a quarter occurred during induction, another during maintenance and a half during recovery from anaesthesia. The first were mainly related to histamine release and had the lowest mortality rate. The last were mainly related to unrecognized postoperative respiratory depression and resulted in the highest mortality. The authors underline the necessity of better preoperative detection of high risk patients, smooth induction of anaesthesia, continuous clinical monitoring of the patient during surgery and the recovery period.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

[What is the potential number of indications for liver grafts in France per year?].

The progress recently made in liver transplantation requires an estimation of the potential number of cases per year in France. The study of French Death Rate per age group, compared with either formal, discutable or aleatory indications of transplantation, is a valuable basis for that calculation. It confirms the relative scarcity of the potential number of liver transplantations, which can be estimated at between 2 or 3 per year and per million inhabitants.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[AIDS mortality in France].

A study about mortality by AIDS had been undertaken since July 1st 1983, in the Service of Information on Medical causes of Death (INSERM SC8), which is in charge of developing mortality statistics in France. From July 1st 1983 to September 30th 1985, 243 deaths due to AIDS were recorded. Only the cases where this diagnosis was clearly mentioned were selected; more than 90% were notified by hospitals and mainly by highly specialized services. The number of deaths, which was low and varied rather irregularly at the beginning, then increased by successive stages. The first year, during which a tenth of deaths was recorded every three months, was followed by a great increase, doubling, then tripling the initial numbers. Lastly, a second and sudden rise occurred during the third trimester of 1985, the trimestrial number of deaths due to AIDS reaching 80.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1986

[Anesthesia in gynecology and obstetrics: a national epidemiologic study].

A sample of 33,508 anaesthetics taken from a national enquiry between the years 1978 and 1982 and representative of the overall activity in this field in France made it possible to look at anaesthesia in gynaecology and obstetrics in France. This study has made it possible to estimate that the annual number of anaesthetics that are given in this filed in France come to about 600,000 of which 22% are in obstetrics. The means that 2.2% of all women have an anaesthetic for these reasons. The most common operations are induced abortion and curettage of the uterus. Epidural anaesthesia was used in 12% of obstetric manoeuvres and 0.8% of gynaecological procedures. 70% of the women who were anaesthetised were aged between 20 and 40 and 64% had already had an anaesthetic in the past. 91% were in satisfactory health before the operation. One in 4 interventions were emergencies. University departments performed 21% of the cases, non-university hospitals 34% and private clinics 45%. In 30% of the cases, the anaesthetic was given by a nurse or a midwife. The risks of major complications while under anaesthetic or in the 24 hours after the operation were higher in obstetrical manoeuvres (2.4 p. 1,000) than in gynaecological procedures (1.1 p. 1,000). 78% of the complications in gynaecology could be attributed to anaesthesia as compared with 44% in obstetrics.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1985

[Cause of death and young foreigners in France].

An attempt is made to analyse death rate and causes of death among a subpopulation. But the lack of strictly defined population as a basis for rate calculation gives some uncertain outcome. Nevertheless a number of detailed causes can be selected by the mean of a rather simple statistical procedure. Some of these causes are significantly higher in foreign people of 1-24 years old and seem to be specifical of them.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Breast feeding. Nature of the choice].

The choice of breast feeding was studied in a sample of 1,954 mothers of urban and rural areas investigated in 1978 during the first year of life of their child. Women who chose breast feeding were more often urban, highly educated, mothers of one child, well medically supervised and happy during pregnancy. They were more concerned by the way their child fed and about his general status. The group of women who stated that they could not breast-feed showed a high percentage of health problems. On the contrary, those who refused were in a good state of health.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1985

[Contraception and the use of care systems].

A study has been made of the frequency of the use of contraceptive methods and the methods used (oral contraception, intra-uterine device and other methods). This was carried out on 2000 women aged between 20 and 44 who had not been sterilised, were not pregnant, who lived in towns and in the country. The following variables were studied: the age, the socio-professional class, the zone in which they lived, the way antenatal care had been carried out (the number of antenatal visits and preparation for labour), the number of times they had seen a gynaecologist during the pregnancy, how the baby had been looked after in its first year of life and how often it had seen a paediatrician. A statistical analysis made it possible to categorise the variables that were studied in their relationship to medical contraception. This shows that as regards age, educational level and social status medical contraception was always better in towns than in the country. On the other hand, when women in the country do use medical contraception they go to the gynaecologist much more often than their town sisters do without any particular result from these consultations. Finally, medical contraception is not linked to other medical attention. This tends to confirm that contraception can be used as a prognostic element to show how well the woman will be looked after in pregnancy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Factors determining health practices: prenatal care in rural and urban environment].

A 1978 study of prenatal care patterns in one area of France showed that frequent visits to specialists was the dominant pattern in urban areas, whatever the socioeconomic characteristics, or conditions of health, of the women. In rural areas, however, the patterns adopted varied markedly according to health problems encountered during pregnancy. In the absence of illness, 64% of rural women went to their general practitioner for a reduced number of prenatal visits; when health problems were perceived, however, their practices became more similar to those of city women. These variations remained after allowing for socioeconomic and cultural differences. Overall, patterns adopted varied significantly according to area of residence.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Influence of the educational course on the future of young persons thought to be mentally deficient].

A survey of mental deficiency among children was carried out in 1967 in the department of Haute-Vienne by the Centre International de l'Enfance and the Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale. A representative sample of the children was examined, with data recorded under paediatric, social, and psychological (including an intelligence quotient test, the "WISC") criteria. This study was resumed in 1974 and 1978 in order to determine how the children--by then, between 20 and 26 years of age--had fared. Among the 325 studied, it appears that those educated in specialized facilities succeeded less well than those who followed a normal curriculum. Only 39% of the former vs 58% of the latter won a diploma; 27% vs 17% were fired from jobs; 23% vs 9% experienced adaptation difficulties at work. Even when the IQs and the socioprofessional category of the parents are the same, the differences concerning diplomas (particularly in general, as opposed to professional, education) persist, as do problems in the workplace.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Multifactorial index of the risk of complications related to anesthesia].

Anaesthetic risk has been studied until now only in terms of mortality rates, and by single factor analysis. A multifactorial index of anaesthetic risk, taking into account all major complications related to anaesthesia that occur during--or within 24 hours of--surgery is proposed. Data were collected in a prospective survey among a representative sample of anaesthesias. The logistic model included a sample of 232 complications and a control group of 1 642 anaesthesias with no complications. Eight factors related to the patient's condition, and to the kind of surgery performed, were considered. Only six were found to have prognostic value, and--among them--the "previous complications" factor stood out. There was a good concordance between predicted and observed risk. The index may be used for a preoperative estimate of anaesthetic risk.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Cardiac arrest related to anaesthesia: a prospective survey in France (1978-1982).

This report analyses the rate, predisposing factors, causes and outcome of 119 cardiac arrests related (totally or partially) to anaesthesia which were collected in France by a national prospective survey performed between 1978 and 1982. The overall rate of cardiac arrests occurring during anaesthesia and recovery was 1 per 1665 anaesthetics, resulting in death, before the 24th postoperative hour, in 56% of cases, i.e. 1 per 2900 anaesthetics. Approximately a quarter of cardiac arrests occurred during induction, another quarter during maintenance and a half during recovery from anaesthesia. The first were mainly related to anaesthesia and had the lowest mortality rate. The last were mainly related to unrecognized postoperative respiratory depression and resulted in the highest mortality. Cardiac arrests were less frequent in private hospitals than in teaching hospitals but the mortality rate was higher.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Mortality by socio-occupational categories in urban and rural areas].

Mortality data in France are studied by a cross sectional analysis including both population density (urban or rural aggregates) and socio-economic groups. The socio-economic differentials in mortality increase with the size of localities. Specific social class distribution partly explains the excess of mortality in rural areas and the lowest mortality in the parisian agglomeration. On the contrary social class distribution does not affect mortality in small towns. Nevertheless, the expected effect of social class does not explain all the discrepancies in mortality between urban and rural areas. The population density is a parameter that should be taken into account when analyzing mortality.

Adolescent↗