PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Hazama

Publications and source records attributed to F Hazama.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone caused by vincristine therapy: a case report of the neuropathology.

The syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone is a rare but well-recognized neurotoxic side effect of vincristine therapy. The first neuropathological report of a case is presented. A 6-month-old boy with skin leukemia developed inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone caused by vincristine. Postmortem examination revealed axonal spheroids in the ansa lenticularis and the area surrounded by the substantia innominata, amygdala and supraoptic nucleus. The lesion was confined to that area and the neurosecretory neurons were intact with well preserved neurophysin. The pathological findings suggest that these fibers play a role in the development of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone caused by vincristine therapy.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

Elastase-like enzyme in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

In an attempt to obtain information regarding vascular elastase in arterial hypertension, we examined biochemical changes in elastase-like enzyme activity, and the intravascular localization of elastase by immunohistochemical techniques in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In the biochemical study, aortic elastase-like enzyme activity was significantly higher in SHR than in controls. Using an antibody against rat pancreatic elastase raised in the rabbit, it was demonstrated immunohistochemically that the enzyme was localized in the endothelial cells and subendothelial spaces in the aorta of control animals. In SHR, elastase was also demonstrated in medial smooth muscle cells and particularly in the modified smooth muscle cells in areas of intimal thickening. Some vacuoles in the smooth muscle cells also showed positive enzyme staining. Elastase seems to play an important role in the development of hypertensive vascular changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Semiquantitative histochemical investigation of lysosomal enzyme activities in the aortic endothelial cells of rats with renal hypertension.

To obtain information about changes in lysosomal enzyme activities in the aortic endothelial cells in arterial hypertension, semi-quantitative histochemical investigations of acid phosphatase (Ac-Pase) and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAGase) activities in the aorta of rats with renal hypertension were performed on "Häutchen" monolayer preparations. The aortic endothelial cells in renal hypertensive animals showed increased Ac-Pase and NAGase activities compared with those in control normotensive rats and tended to increase with advancing age. These results, like our previous data from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), indicated that degeneration of endothelial cells, expressed by increased lysosomal enzyme activity, was accelerated by hypertension, and the possible participation of genetic factors in the activation of these enzymes in SHR was ruled out. Increased lysosomal enzyme activity may be involved in the development of other hypertensive vascular changes.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1983

Semiquantitative histochemical investigation of lysosomal enzyme activities in the aortic endothelial cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats.

In order to obtain information about changes in lysosomal enzyme activities in the aortic endothelial cells under hypertensive conditions, semiquantitative histochemical investigations of acid phosphatase (Ac-Pase) and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAGase) activities in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were performed on 'Häutchen' monolayer preparations. The aortic endothelial cells in SHR showed increased Ac-Pase and NAGase activities as compared with those in control normotensive rats, and the activities tended to increase with advancing age. The degenerating process of endothelial cells expressed by lysosomal enzyme activity seems to be accelerated by hypertension. The increased lysosomal enzymes may participate in the further development of hypertensive vascular changes.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1983

Suprasellar yolk-sac tumor in two sisters.

The familial occurrence of intracranial tumors is rare except in patients with phacomatoses. The occurrence of suprasellar yolk-sac tumors in two sisters without phacomatoses is reported. The pertinent literature is reviewed, and the possible role of heredity in the pathogenesis of these tumors is discussed briefly.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Reversible osmotic opening of the blood-brain barrier. Prevention of tissue damage with filtration of the perfusate.

Histological and fluoromicroscopical studies were performed in order to obtain information about reversibility and associated tissue damage of an osmotic opening of the blood-brain barrier. Three ml of 1.4 M mannitol solution were perfused through the right carotid artery of a rat, and the opening of the blood-brain barrier was examined by using EVans blue as a tracer. The barrier was opened for 60-120 minutes and then reestablished without gross neurological defect. Microscopically, however, edematous change and microinfarcts were often observed, which might be due to microembolism of recrystallized mannitol. With filtration of the perfusate through a millipore filter, the blood-brain barrier was reversibly opened without any tissue damages. This could be a useful therapeutic technique and an experimental model for neurotoxicology.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[An autopsy case of moyamoya disease (author's transl)].

An autopsy case of severely progressed "Moya Moya" disease was presented. A 38-year-old male was admitted because of unconsciousness. On examination, he showed spider-like extremities, suggesting Marfan's syndrome. In the past history, he experienced acute rt. hemiparesis at 6 years old and generalized convulsion, lt. hemiparesis and aphasia at 7 years old. After these episodes, he spent an uneventful life until 38 years old, when he was found unconscious in his room by the family. Lt. CAG showed severe stenosis at the siphon of lt. ICA and fine vascular networks in the basal ganglia and many transdural collateral arteries. Three days later, he died and an autopsy was performed. On histological examination, proliferation of the intima, elongated elastica interna and lost of the media were identified in the stenotic arteries. In the vessels of other organs, especially of the heart, proliferated intima and lost of the media were also noticed. From these findings, "Moya Moya" disease was thought to be one of the manifestations of the systemic vascular diseases. The autopsy cases of "Moya Moya" disease in Japan were reviewed. According to the review, most of these autopsy cases died from intracerebral bleeding attack. Recently, EC-IC bypass operations have been performed in order to improve ischemic condition of "Moya Moya" disease. According to the finding of the review, however, the financial efficiency of such by-pass operations for "Moya Moya" disease must be elucidated after long-term follow-up study.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Acid phosphatase activity in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats and the effect of various antihypertensive drugs.

In an attempt to obtain information about the arterial lysosomal enzymes in hypertension, we biochemically investigated acid phosphatase (Ac-Pase) activity in the aorta of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and the effects of various antihypertensive drugs. Ac-Pase activity in SHR was always higher than that in age-matched control rats. The enzyme activity tended to increase progressively with advancing age, a tendency which was more pronounced in SHR than in control rats. The aging process expressed by the Ac-Pase activity seems to be accelerated under hypertensive conditions. Antihypertensive drugs such as reserpine, hydrochlorothiazide, hydralazine and propranolol significantly suppressed the rise of blood pressure and decreased the aortic Ac-Pase activity in SHR. In particular reserpine and propranolol lowered Ac-Pase activity more effectively than it did blood pressure. Hypertension as well as catecholamine seem to be involved in the increase in the aortic lysosomal enzyme activity in SHR.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Experimentally induced cerebral aneurysms in rats: VII. Scanning electron microscope study.

The luminal surfaces of experimentally induced cerebral aneurysms and the branching sites in the circle of Willis in rats were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Gap formation at the junctions of the endothelial cells was one of the most obvious changes on the endothelial surface of the aneurysms. Many leukocytes were observed adhering to these gaps. Regressive changes of endothelial cells, such as balloonlike protrusions and craterlike depressions, were also found in the aneurysms. At the branching site, where cerebral aneurysms often develop, endothelial cells were disarranged, rounded, and varied in size. A deep groove was also found adjacent to the apex. The role of endothelial cells and leukocytes in the development of cerebral aneurysms is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Quantitative analysis of microstructural components of human cerebral arteries.

Microstructural components were analyzed quantitatively by means of a microphotometric technique applied to three kinds of major cerebral arteries and two kinds of extracranial arteries of comparable size obtained from human autopsy subjects. No statistically significant difference was found in the fractions of three structural components, elastin (Fe), collagen (Fc), and smooth muscle (Fm), in the total of fractions of these three components and in the ratio between extracranial arteries. The Fe-values were significantly less in cerebral arteries than in extracranial arteries. The Fc/Fe ratios in cerebral arteries were about triple those in extracranial arteries. Although there was no statistically significant difference in the Fe- and the Fm-values between the two age groups, under 49 and over 50 years old, the Fc/Fe ratio were higher in the older age group. This change of microstructural composition with age was more prominent in cerebral arteries than in extracranial arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Two siblings, including a fetus, with Tay-Sachs disease.

This report consists of a morphological study on two siblings of Tay-Sachs disease. One is a girl of 3 years of age and the other is a 23-week fetus. In the first case, the nerve cells in the cerebral cortex showed histochemically abnormal accumulation of glycolipids and electron microscopically numerous membranous cytoplasmic bodies characteristic to gangliosidosis. In the fetal case, the nerve cells in the brain stem were well differentiated and here abnormal inclusions were found by histochemical study. The cortical neurons were immature in structure and inclusions were not demonstrated by histochemical study. In electron microscopic study, the cortical neurons also showed a small number of intracytoplasmic inclusions which contained electron dense granules and/or membranous structures. Causes of the differences in amount of abnormal lipid accumulation in the brain stem and the cerebral cortex were discussed.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1981

Histochemical study on 5'-nucleotidase in the cerebrovascular system in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.

5'-Nucleotidase activity in the cerebrovascular system in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats was histochemically investigated. In the hypertensive rats, an enhancement of 5'-nucleotidase activity was observed already in the early stage of hypertension and the enzyme activity increased with advancing age. The enzyme activity appeared earlier and stronger in the larger arteries in the basal portion than the pial arteries in the convexity of the brain and arterioles in the brain parenchyma. The activity in the arterial walls proved to be particularly strong in the thickened parts showing cellular hyperplasia, mainly at the branching portions. The reaction products localized along the plasma membrane, and also in the cytoplasma in some parts where the activity was strong. Relationship between the increased 5'-nucleotidase activity and aging of the cells composing the cerebrovasculature resulted from an accelerated or repeated cell proliferation was discussed.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1980

Neutral involvement in kawasaki disease.

Neurological findings and histopathology of the nervous system were studied in 30 patients with Kawasaki disease. As neurological manifestations, irritability, lethargy, meningeal signs such as nuchal rigidity, Kernig's sign, and opisthotonus, and facial nerve paralysis were present in 8 patients. In 9 out of 11 patients who had examination of cerebrospinal fluid, pleocytosis mainly consisting of lymphocytes and mononuclear cells was seen. Protein and glucose concentrations were within normal range. On histopathological investigation, aseptic chorio and/or leptomeningitis were present in 7 out of 14 patients. Severe edema, edema necrosis and localized status spongiosus were frequently observed. Atrophy, nonspecific degeneration and loss of neurons were detected, but pathognomonic changes were not evident. Marginal gliosis in the subpendimal region and superficial cerebral cortex and glial nodule formation surrounding the degenerated neurons were occasionally seen. Vascular changes such as endoarteritis, periarteritis and perivascular cuffing were present in 5 out 14 patients, though such lesions were geneally mild. Ganglionitis and neuritis in the various areas were seen in 13 patients.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1980

Cytochemical investigation on acid phosphatase activity in cerebral arteries in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Acid phosphatase activity in the cerebral arterial system in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was cytochemically investigated. In the endothelial and medial smooth muscle cells, endoplasmic reticulums and Golgi complex revealed an intense acid phosphatase activity and primary lysosomes containing the high enzyme activity were found to be augmented in number. The enzyme activity was demonstrated in the vacuolated secondary lysosomes and in the intercellular spaces of the arterial walls. Lytic changes of the arterial mural cells and vessel matrix due to lysosomal enzymes were also evident. Causes of the lysosomal enzyme induction and roles of the enzyme in the developmental mechanism of hypertensive cerebrovascular changes in the SHR brain are discussed.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Experimentally induced cerebral aneurysms in rats: Part VI. Hypertension.

Cerebral aneurysms were induced in rats treated with unilateral ligation of the common carotid artery and hypertension produced by renal infarction with or without beta-aminopropionitrile, one of the lathyrogens. In this experiment, cerebral aneurysms developed more frequently than in the previous experiments in which hypertension induced by deoxycorticosterone and salt had been used. It was demonstrated that deoxycorticosterone was not essential to the development of the lesion. Regardless of its type, hypertension combined with carotid ligation played a primary role in the production of cerebral aneurysms in rats. Sodium chloride enhanced the systolic hypertension and thus increased the incidence of lesions. The role of hypertension in the development of cerebral aneurysms in humans is discussed.

Aminopropionitrile↗