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Biomedical subjects

F Hoshino

Publications and source records attributed to F Hoshino.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

High cardiac angiotensin-II-forming activity in infarcted and non-infarcted human myocardium.

The aims of this study were to compare human cardiac angiotensin-II-forming activity (AIIFA) between the intact area of control autopsy hearts without cardiac disease (n = 10) and the infarcted or non-infarcted area of autopsy hearts with myocardial infarction (MI, n = 7) and to determine responsible angiotensin-II-forming enzymes. Cardiac total and chymase-dependent AIIFAs were significantly higher in the infarcted and non-infarcted myocardium than those in non-MI heart, while angiotensin-converting enzyme-dependent AIIFA increased only in the infarcted myocardium. The density of chymase antibody-positive mast cells in the non-infarcted area of MI heart correlated positively with total or chymase-dependent AIIFA. Augmented AIIFA was also detected in the left atrium of post-MI hearts. Our results indicated that cardiac angiotensin II formation could be activated in the infarcted as well as in non-infarcted myocardium of the post-MI human heart.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Local structural difference between human and bovine band 3 in the anion transport inhibitor-binding region.

We have examined molecular properties of inhibitor-complexed human and bovine band 3, an anion transport protein of erythrocyte membrane, in order to demonstrate the structural characteristics of the inhibitor binding region. Band 3 modified with DIDS (4,4'-diisothiocyano-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonate), a potent anion transport inhibitor, generated a positive circular dichroic band at a wavelength of 345 nm, corresponding to a DIDS chromophore. The dichroic spectra of human band 3-DIDS complex and its bovine counterpart differed markedly in their ellipticity. Under the conditions that H2DIDS (the dihydro-derivative of DIDS) cross-linked two chymotryptic fragments of human band 3, the reagent failed to cross-link the equivalent bovine fragments. The inhibitory effect of PLP (pyridoxal 5'-phosphate), a substrate and affinity label, on phosphate influx into red blood cells was more pronounced for human band 3 than for bovine band 3. The residue Lys-562 of human band 3 was found to be modified with PLP, while the corresponding residue of bovine band 3 was devoid of reactivity with PLP.

4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid↗
PubMed1994

Amino acid sequences around exofacial proteolytic cleavage sites of band 3 from bovine and porcine erythrocytes.

1. Amino acid sequences of bovine and porcine band 3, an erythrocyte anion transporter, were determined. 2. The sequence of bovine band 3 was positioned to residues 519-599 (the numbering is based on human band 3), in which probably 6 residues were unidentified. 3. Binding site of DIDS (4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonate), a potent anion transport inhibitor, was identified as Lys-539 in the bovine case. 4. A loop (residues 551-567), which provides exofacial proteolytic cleavage sites, contains only 53% homology between human and bovine, whereas the residues flanking it on either side are > 84% homologous. 5. Furthermore, the loop of porcine band 3 was indicated to consist of a 6 or 7-residues short peptide as compared with those of other species.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Purification of protein disulfide isomerase from a thermophilic fungus.

A protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) was purified to homogeneity from the thermophilic fungus Humicola insolens by a rapid three-step procedure, anion-exchange chromatography, concanavalin A-affinity chromatography, and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Forty-one micrograms of PDI was obtained from 100 g of wet mycelium. Concanavalin A-Sepharose chromatography is available for purification of the fungal PDI, indicating that the enzyme is also glycosylated like the yeast PDI. The fungal PDI exists as a dimer (2 x 60 kDa), has a pI of 3.5, and is fairly heat-stable. The amino acid composition of the PDI is similar to those of yeast and bovine liver PDI, and the high content of acidic amino acid residues agrees with the lower acidic pI.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

Unusual survival kinetics of neocarzinostatin-treated HeLa cells: its relation to the drug-inactivation.

Cell survival kinetics of exponentially growing HeLa S3 cells as a function of the period of treatment with neocarzinostatin (NCS) and its relation to drug inactivation were analyzed in vitro with various concentrations of NCS. NCS activity was rapidly lost during the treatment period in a simple exponential manner with a half-life of 2 to 4 minutes depending on the treatment conditions. A novel type of time-survival curve was observed; the number of surviving cells decreased within a few minutes of treatment, then showed a transient increase after which there was again a decrease then an increase which reached a constant level in 3 hours. The increase in the surviving fraction of cells during the treatment period is interpreted as being due to recovery from the potentially lethal NCS damage manifested on the decrease of NCS activity in the medium. The subsequent fluctuation in the surviving fraction is not readily explainable, but may be due to reactivation and re-inactivation of NCS in the cells.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1991

Cell-density dependency in the survival kinetics of neocarzinostatin-treated HeLa cells in monolayer cultures and in spheroids.

Cell survival kinetics of HeLa cells grown exponentially in monolayers or grown in multicellular spheroids following neocarzinostatin (NCS) treatment was analyzed in vitro. The effect of NCS was markedly reduced when a large number of cells were plated as compared to a small number per dish. Cell survival kinetics for various combinations of factors: the cell number per dish, concentration of NCS and volume of the medium containing NCS showed that the extent of cell killing by NCS was solely determined by the relative relation of cell density expressed as cells per unit volume of medium to the effective concentration of NCS; the effective total NCS available to each cell. The theoretical formulation in a controlled situation indicates that C37, the concentration of NCS required to reduce the surviving fraction to e-1, is directly proportional to the cell density. The experimental data points derived from all the combinations of factors essentially followed a linear regression line of the theoretical equation. Therefore, the cell-density dependency of drug-induced cell killing may not be due to a difference in cellular sensitivity or recovery capacity. The effect of NCS on cells in spheroids with central necroses can not be explained only on the basis of the cell-density dependency, but is likely to be reduced by hypoxic conditions, decreased reactivation and the limited penetration of NCS to the deeper layers.

Cell Aggregation↗
PubMed1987

[Radiation tolerance dose of the spinal cord following conventionally fractionated irradiation].

409 patients whose spinal cord were irradiated over 30 Gy with conventionally fractionated method were surveyed to study the relation between the dose of spinal cord and the incidence of radiation myelitis. Radiation myelitis was observed in 26 cases including 3 transverse myelitis ones. 5 year incidences of transverse myelitis calculated with life table method were approximately 0% at 40 Gy, 5% at 50 Gy, 10% at 60 Gy and 20% at 70 Gy. The radiation tolerance dose of the spinal cord was considered to be 50 Gy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Osteonecrosis following radiotherapy in carcinoma of the uterus and pediatric tumors].

Osteonecrosis following radiation therapy in 611 Patients with uterine cancer and 41 patients with pediatric tumor were studied. The 5- and 10-year cumulative bone injury rate after radiation therapy in uterine cancer was 4% and 15.6%, respectedly. Patients who are older than 60 years of age showed high occurrence of radiation bone injury. Otherwise, severe aletrations in shape and complete arrest of growth in irradiated growing bone were observed of even with small doses of 1600 cGy in the lower age level (0-3 age of years) at the time of treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Radioprotective effect of local hypothermia].

We attempted local hypothermia to prevent radiation dermatitis and stomatitis. With regard to parasternal skin reactions postoperatively irradiated breast cancer, dry and moist desquamation, which occasionally occurred with conventional irradiation was not observed in combination with local cooling. As for head and neck tumors, patients who complained of stomatitis decreased with the local cooling, and no one wanted a pause in irradiation before 40 Gy. As local hypothermia is free from danger and does not require special equipment, it was considered to be widely applicable.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Immune interferon production by TH69, a lyophilized preparation of Streptococcus faecalis, in murine spleen cell cultures.

In mouse spleen cell cultures, TH69, a live Streptococcus faecalis (ATCC 31663) preparation, at a concentration of 20 micrograms/ml induced immune interferon (IFN gamma) with molecular weight ranging from 20,000 to 40,000 daltons together with a small amount of IFN alpha/beta. By using nonsensitized mouse spleen cells, the fact that both T-cells and macrophages are required for this IFN production was established. When these spleen cells were obtained from mice sensitized 12 days earlier with 4 mg of TH69, twice as much IFN was produced than in cells obtained from nonsensitized mice. This increase was explained by the presence of both sensitized macrophages and T-cells in a reconstitution experiment.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Participation of macrophages in enhanced in vitro immune interferon (IFN gamma) production with mouse spleen cells.

IFN gamma production in cultures of spleen cells obtained from mice sensitized with TH69, a live Streptococcus faecalis preparation, was examined to determine how macrophages participate. It was demonstrated that sensitized spleen macrophages participated in enhanced IFN gamma production by T cells at an early stage (0-6 hr) of incubation, and that this production is mainly dependent on Ia-bearing macrophages In the reconstitution experiments where different combinations of spleen macrophages and T cells obtained from mice sensitized with TH69, OK-432, and BCG were used, T cells required that the identity between the sensitizing organisms in vivo and the stimulating organisms in vitro be the same for enhanced IFN gamma production while macrophages did not. Macrophage-mediated production of IFN gamma appears to be genetically restricted because IFN gamma was only produced in cultures where the H-2 region of macrophages and T cells matched. Further examination revealed that for macrophages to participate in enhanced IFN gamma production, first contact between cycloheximide-treated macrophages and T cells was required. Second, enhanced IFN gamma production occurred when culture supernatants of macrophages obtained from sensitized spleen cells were added to T cells. However, the addition of culture supernatant obtained from sensitized peritoneal macrophages resulted in inhibition of IFN gamma production. These results clearly showed the crucial role of macrophages in enhanced IFN gamma production by spleen T cells in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma with broncho-esophageal fistula].

We studied treatment methods after fistula formation in 14 esophageal carcinoma patients with broncho-esophageal fistulae. Among 12 patients, 8 had no treatment, one was operated and 3 underwent radiotherapy using conventional fractionation. In only one case was there temporary closure of the fistula; none of the patients survived for more than 1 year. The other 2 patients were treated by the long protracted method (1.5 Gy/day). Long-term closure of the fistula was seen. These patients received additional low-dose rate teletherapy (1 Gy/hour, 7 Gy/day) and both survived for over 1 year.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[A case of recurrent pancreatic carcinoma treated by low-dose rate telecobalt therapy].

A 27-year-old female with recurrent pancreatic carcinoma measuring 12 by 12 by 14 cm was treated with protracted (1.5 Gy/day) irradiation and low dose rate (1 Gy/hr, 7 Gy/day)telecobalt therapy. The regression obtained from a total dose of 60 Gy by protracted irradiation was mild; a remarkable reduction in tumor volume was achieved from an additional dose of 14 Gy by low dose rate teletherapy. Although she died of fulminant hepatitis at 45 days after radiotherapy, this treatment method is considered useful in patients with advanced carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Inhibition of aging changes by lyophilized Streptococcus faecalis in diet.

Effects of dietary Streptococcus faecalis (SF) on aging were evaluated using 1-week, 6-month, and 27-month-old Wistar and SHR rats. SF was lyophilized and added to commercial pellets at 1%. SF inhibited hypertension in aging SHR. SF inhibited aging-related changes in a wide variety of tissues. These changes were a disarray of hepatic cords, portal fibrosis; calcification of cartilage matrix, dominance of chondroitin sulfate B, and keratosulfate over chondroitin sulfates A and C; aortic endothelial damage, segmental thickening, calcification, and chondroid cells in the intima; atrophy of epidermis and appendages, and increase in amorphous dermal matrix; waxy degeneration and atrophy of psoas muscles; increase in lipoperoxides in the serum, liver, and brain; and reduction of cyclic AMP and GMP in the serum. Histological changes of the xyphoid cartilage, aorta, mesenteric artery, liver, dorsal skin, and psoas muscles in 27-month-old SF rats were much less severe than those in controls.

Aging↗