Biomedical subjects

F Iida

Publications and source records attributed to F Iida.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Prostaglandin E1 protects liver from ischemic damage.

Studies were carried out to investigate the effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) pretreatment on normothermic liver ischemia. Mixed-breed dogs were divided into three groups: a control group, a group with induced liver ischemia, and a group pretreated with PGE1 followed by induced liver ischemia. Liver ischemia was induced by the Pringle procedure for 60 min. PGE1 was administered intravenously to some dogs at a dose of 0.5 microgram/kg/min for 30 min prior to the Pringle procedure. Sham operations were performed without induction of liver ischemia in control animals. Insulin, glucagon, and glucose metabolic clearance rates were examined before and after the Pringle procedure in the control and experimental groups. Insulin and glucose metabolic clearance rates decreased 5 min after declamping in the ischemic group, while the glucagon metabolism was not affected, and lipid peroxide production increased. In contrast, hepatic insulin metabolism improved, and lipid peroxide production normalized in the ischemic group which was pretreated with PGE1. This study suggests that PGE1 prevents hepatic metabolic disturbances due to warm ischemia and subsequent reperfusion.

Alprostadil↗

PubMed1994

Calcium regulating hormones and bone mineral content in patients after subtotal gastrectomy.

Twenty-nine men who had undergone Billroth I gastrectomy and 19 men who had undergone Billroth II gastrectomy were studied to examine the changes in their calcium regulating hormones and bone mineral content following surgery. The serum calcium and phosphate concentrations in the patients with Billroth I and Billroth II were normal. The Billroth II group had an elevated level of serum alkaline phosphatase and reduced bone mineral content. The 24,25(OH)2D concentration was reduced (P < 0.01) and 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D concentrations were increased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively) in the Billroth II group. It was suggested by our study that the Billroth II patients had a reduced bone mineral content and an elevated 1,25(OH)2D concentration. Therefore, the pathophysiology of postgastrectomy bone metabolic disease is not due to vitamin D deficiency, but may instead be due to reduced calcium absorption in the intestine.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Accentuated temporal line on the frontal skull radiograph: a sign of hyperparathyroidism.

PURPOSE: To determine the importance of a temporal line (the marginal line for the attachment of the temporal muscle to the skull) that is accentuated on frontal skull radiographs of hyperparathyroid patients owing to subligamentous bone resorption under the temporal muscle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiographs from skeletal surveys of 134 surgically treated patients with primary (n = 102) or secondary (n = 32) hyperparathyroidism (HPT) and frontal skull radiographs of 63 age-matched control patients were reviewed. RESULTS: An accentuated temporal line was the most frequent finding (29.4% of cases) in primary HPT, followed by subperiosteal bone resorption in the hand (8.6%), salt-and-pepper appearance of the skull (3.5%), and rugger-jersey spine (1.1%). In secondary HPT, an accentuated temporal line became less obvious as subperiosteal bone resorption advanced. This finding was not seen in the control group. CONCLUSION: An accentuated temporal line is another radiographic indication of bone resorption in HPT.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

Lower esophageal sphincter pressure after subtotal gastrectomy and postoperative reflux esophagitis.

Although reflux esophagitis after subtotal gastrectomy has been noticed by surgeons, the mechanism of its development is obscure. This study was undertaken with the aim of clarifying the role of the lower esophageal sphincter in the development of this abnormality. Manometric studies were carried out on 42 patients with gastric cancer, and on 19 with cholelithiasis. The lower esophageal sphincter pressure was measured using a catheter tip pressure transducer and a rapid pull-through technique, and the results presented as the mean of three measurements. The technical error of this experiment was estimated to be within 2 mmHg by a study of the cholecystectomy patients. After gastrectomy, the lower esophageal pressure decreased in 17 patients, increased in 4 and remained unchanged in 21. A more pronounced decrease in the lower esophageal sphincter pressure was found after Billroth II. Clinical evaluation of the 42 patients revealed symptoms of postgastrectomy regurgitation in 10. Preoperatively, these 10 had lower values of the lower esophageal sphincter pressure followed by a more marked postoperative decrease, as compared with the patients with no regurgitation symptoms. Oral administration of a test meal revealed regurgitation after subtotal gastrectomy. This study suggests that a low value of the pre-operative lower esophageal sphincter pressure, a marked decrease in the pressure after gastrectomy, and Billroth II anastomosis, may be factors that predispose to regurgitation.

Case-Control Studies↗

PubMed1994

Significance of values of thyrotropin binding inhibitor immunoglobulins and appearance of intrathyroidal lymphocytes at subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves' disease.

This study was undertaken to investigate whether thyrotropin binding inhibitor immunoglobulins (TBII) values at and after subtotal thyroidectomy correlated with the outcome or the histologic grade applied to the appearance of intrathyroidal lymphocytes at the time of surgical treatment. In addition, the main reason for the study was to determine whether or not it was possible to predict the outcome after the operation by the data obtained. There was no relation between the TBII results and the grade of the appearance of intrathyroidal lymphocytes at the time of operation or the TBII postoperative results (whether positive or negative) and the final outcome. However, it was of interest that patients with a recurrence of hyperthyroidism had the TBII values of more than 50 percent at the time of surgical treatment, and also manifested continuously positive TBII values after the operation. They also had moderate grades of lymphocytic infiltration and lymph follicle formation in the surgical specimen. It seemed impossible to predict the outcome of each instance in accordance with TBII values and the grade of the appearance of intrathyroidal lymphocytes at the time of the operation. However, it might be possible to predict at least the recurrence of hyperthyroidism by the consideration of changes of TBII values postoperatively.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Protective effect of the thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist ONO 3708 on ischemia-reperfusion injury in the dog liver.

BACKGROUND: Prostaglandins are widely known to have cytoprotective effects in a variety of conditions. Thromboxane A2 has the opposite effect of prostaglandins. In this study the effects of the thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist ONO 3708 on ischemia and subsequent reperfusion in the dog liver was evaluated. METHODS: Mongrel dogs weighing from 10 to 15 kg were divided into three groups: a control group, a group with induced liver ischemia and subsequent reperfusion, and a group that received ONO 3708 and then underwent induced liver ischemia and subsequent reperfusion. Liver ischemia was induced by the Pringle procedure for 60 minutes. The concentrations of total free amino acids, aromatic amino acids, and branched-chain amino acids in blood taken from the portal and hepatic veins were examined before and after the Pringle procedure in the latter two groups and at the corresponding points in the control group. RESULTS: Disturbances in amino acid metabolism in the liver occurred 5 minutes after the declamping in the ischemic group, and prostaglandin I2 and thromboxane A2 levels and lipid peroxide production, were increased. In contrast, hepatic amino acid metabolism was unchanged, and prostaglandin I2 and thromboxane A2, and lipid peroxide production, were normalized in the group that was treated with ONO 3708. CONCLUSIONS: ONO 3708 appears to protects hepatic tissue from ischemia-reperfusion injury through free-radical scavenging, by increasing prostaglandin I2 levels, and by decreasing thromboxane A2 production.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗

PubMed1994

[Combination neoadjuvant therapy with continuous intra-arterial CDDP infusion and radiotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer].

Neoadjuvant therapy combined with intra-arterial continuous infusion of CDDP and external radiation was evaluated in a patient with locally advanced breast cancer. Although only MR was observed on the primary tumor, PR was found in several metastatic lymph nodes and daughter nodules. All tumor markers elevated before treatment decreased to normal ranges only by this therapy, and histological damage was also recognized remarkably with a high concentration of free Pt (8.89 micrograms/g) in cancer tissues. Since no severe side effects appeared during the present therapy, extended radical mastectomy with wide skin resection could be performed following additional intra-arterial chemotherapy using 5-FU, epi-ADM and MMC. From this experience, it was suggested that CDDP was an useful drug in the chemotherapy for breast cancer.

Adult↗

PubMed1994

[Ultrasonography in the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma of the thyroid].

Malignant lymphoma of the thyroid was rare condition and it was difficult to make a diagnosis of malignant lymphoma preoperatively. Both ultrasonographic appearance and diagnostic significance of ultrasonography in malignant lymphoma of the thyroid were investigated in this study. Ultrasonography of 10 patients with malignant lymphoma of the thyroid was analyzed. Only 3 cases of 10 were diagnosed as malignant lymphoma by ultrasonography. Five cases were misdiagnosed as thyroid carcinoma, 1 as adenomatous goiter accompanied by cystic degeneration and 1 as chronic thyroiditis. Nine cases were nodular type i.e. limited extremely hypoechoic mass as contrasted with surrounding thyroid tissue, occupying asymmetrically in the thyroid gland. One case was diffuse type i.e. diffused hypoechoic area without surrounding residual thyroid tissue. The tumor size of the 2 cases in which no accumulation was observed in the 67Ga scintigram was 2 cm or less. By ultrasonography of these 2 cases, one case was diagnosed as malignant lymphoma and the other as thyroid carcinoma. Ultrasonography can be regarded to be very significant method as a screening test to make a diagnosis of malignant tumor for nodular type, especially small sized malignant lymphoma of the thyroid.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

Proliferative activity of human thyroid tumors evaluated by proliferating cell nuclear antigen/cyclin immunohistochemical studies.

BACKGROUND: To clarify the proliferative activity of human thyroid tumors, the labeling index of various thyroid tumors was evaluated by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/cyclin immunostaining. METHODS: Surgically removed thyroid carcinoma, adenoma, adenomatous goiter, normal thyroid, and breast carcinoma were used for the study. Small pieces of tissue from the surgical materials were fixed in Methacarn solution (methanol-chloroform-acetic acid = 6:3:1) (Wako junyaku Co., Osaka, Japan) and embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained with PCNA/cyclin monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: The reaction product for PCNA/cyclin was observed mainly on nuclei. The ratio of the PCNA/cyclin-positive nuclei to the total number of nuclei was compared among the tumors. Ratios of PCNA/cyclin-positive nuclei were 4.9% in well-differentiated papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, 4.6% in poorly differentiated papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, 3.6% in thyroid follicular carcinoma, 1.9% in adenomatous goiter, 2.0% in thyroid follicular adenoma, and 0.6% in normal thyroid tissues. CONCLUSIONS: It was shown in this study that the ratio of PCNA/cyclin-positive nuclei reflects the relative clinical behavior of thyroid tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1993

The outcome of patients with thyroid carcinoma and Graves' disease.

A total 847 consecutive patients with Graves' disease who underwent thyroidectomy between 1965 and 1990 were found to have a 4.3% incidence of coincident carcinoma of the thyroid. In 68.2% of these cases the tumors were less than 1 cm in diameter and were detected in only 7 patients (19.4%) prior to surgery. Dissection of the regional lymph nodes was necessary in only 11 patients. A review of the patients in 1990 revealed no carcinoma-related deaths with metastases occurring most commonly in the patients with larger tumors and in those whose cancer had been detected prior to thyroidectomy. Although the detection of potential tumors occurring with Graves' disease using preoperative echogram may be of interest, our results suggest that occult microcarcinoma occurring coincidentally with Graves' disease is not clinically significant as it did not cause any recurrence in this study. Moreover, there was no evidence to suggest that Graves' disease was associated with the increased or rapid growth of these tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1993

Closure of a perineal sinus connected with the small bowel developing after radical surgery for rectal carcinoma: a report of the operative procedures used in two cases.

A technique for closure of a perineal sinus connected with the small bowel is described herein. One patient who underwent Miles' operation and another who underwent total pelvic exenteration for rectal carcinoma developed a perineal sinus through which a large amount of intestinal fluid was discharged. The pelvic orifice of the sinus was successfully closed in both patients using a right rectus abdominis muscle flap. In one patient, the muscle flap was reflected with the peritoneal surface inside and fixed to the pelvic floor covering the pelvic orifice of the sinus. In the other patient, the flap was isolated without the attached peritoneum and the peritoneal side of the flap covered with omentum.

Fistula↗

PubMed1993

Aberrant retrotracheal goiter: report of a case.

A case of intrathoracic retrotracheal goiter in a 40-year-old woman is herein described. A computed tomographic scan, magnetic resonance imaging and endoscopical ultrasonography all confirmed the existence of a retrotracheal encapsulated lesion, which was suspected to be aberrant mediastinal goiter. Radioiodine scintigraphy, however, demonstrated little uptake in the mass. A large (7 x 6 x 4 cm), encapsulated adenomatous goiter was then easily removed via a right thoracic approach.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Gas-forming liver abscess after transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: report of a case.

A case of a gas-forming liver abscess developing after transcatheter arterial embolization for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a 65-year-old man is presented herein. He was admitted to hospital with fever and jaundice, following which ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography revealed a gas-containing abscess in the posterior segment of the hepatic lobe with multiple HCC. Percutaneous transhepatic drainage was performed using US. Antibiotics which were sensitive to the Escherichia coli bacteria detected in the abscess were administered both intravenously and through the drainage tube into the abscess. Four months later, the abscess had diminished and the patient was discharged after receiving percutaneous ultrasonographically guided ethanol injection therapy for the recurrent HCC.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗

PubMed1993

Sequence and gene structure of the hepatitis E virus isolated from Myanmar.

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a causative agent of enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis. Hepatitis E occurs not only in sporadic forms but also in epidemic outbreaks in the developing world. We have revealed the nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of full cDNA of HEV isolated from sporadic hepatitis E of Myanmar. The genome is 7194 nucleotides long, followed by a poly(A) tail, and has three open reading frames. The nonstructural gene is located in the 5' terminus, while the structural gene is situated in the 3' terminus. Our HEV strain has 98.5% nucleic acid identity with the HEV strain cloned by workers at Genelabs Incorporated from Myanmar. The difference is point nucleotide substitutions. There is a high degree of nucleotide relatedness among HEVs isolated from the same geographical location.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1993

Metabolism of insulin and glucagon in liver and pancreas in dogs with obstructive jaundice.

Insulin and glucagon metabolism in the pancreas with obstructive jaundice caused by complete ligation of the common bile duct and in the cholestatic liver caused by hepatic duct ligation was evaluated experimentally using dogs. The isolated perfused pancreas in obstructive jaundiced dogs, which showed a low insulin response in the peripheral blood after intravenous glucose administration, revealed depression of insulin production and no change of glucagon production in response to cholecystokinin octapeptide. The extraction of insulin in the cholestatic lobe of the liver was decreased compared with that in the noncholestatic lobe. The extraction of glucagon, on the other hand, in the cholestatic lobe and in the noncholestatic lobe showed no significant difference. So the imbalance of glucose metabolism in obstructive jaundice does not depend on the enhanced extraction of insulin in the liver, but on the depression of insulin production in the pancreas.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Enhanced sensitivity of pancreatic cells to cholecystokinin octapeptide in obstructive jaundice.

Exocrine function of the pancreas in obstructive jaundice was examined using dogs. Jaundice induced by choledochal ligation over 3 weeks showed pancreatic hypersecretion in response to cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) stimulation. To clarify the mechanism of pancreatic hypersecretion in obstructive jaundice, three experiments were undertaken. In a perfusion experiment performed on isolated pancreas, hypersecretion in obstructive jaundice was observed in response to CCK-8 stimulation. An incubation experiment showed an increase in secretion in response to CCK-8 stimulation in a dose-dependent manner, producing a greater increase in dogs with obstructive jaundice than in controls, despite the fact that basal secretion in both groups was the same. This would suggest that at least one of the mechanisms of pancreatic hypersecretion in obstructive jaundice may be related to the degree of sensitivity of acinar cells to CCK-8. In morphological observation of acinar cells by electron microscopy, the average number of zymogen granules and total granular area per unit of cytoplasm in both groups before and after stimulation with CCK-8 were compared. There was no difference between the groups before stimulation. Following stimulation, values for the control group decreased but appeared to increase in the jaundiced pancreas. These results strongly suggest that pancreatic acinar cells in obstructive jaundice may retain their secretory potential after stimulation for 60 min, though the potential in nonjaundiced pancreatic acinar cells may decrease after stimulation.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

Effects of parathyroid hormone on pancreatic exocrine secretion.

The role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcium on pancreatic exocrine secretion were observed using sham-operated and parathyroidectomized dogs. First, exocrine secretion of the pancreas stimulated with secretin and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) was examined in vivo 3 weeks after parathyroidectomy. Secondly, perfusion experiments of isolated pancreas in the sham-operated and parathyroidectomized dogs were examined. In one experiment, volume of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate output, but not amylase output, was decreased in the parathyroidectomized dogs compared with those in the sham-operated dogs; no participation of calcium in exocrine secretion was revealed. In another experiment, high doses of PTH evoked increases of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate output without changing amylase output; as before, no participation of calcium in the exocrine secretion was observed. We conclude that (a) PTH increases volume of pancreatic juice and bicarbonate output, and (b) pancreatic exocrine secretion is modified by direct effect of PTH, and the pancreatic ductular cells, not the acinar cells, are the target for PTH.

Amylases↗

PubMed1993

A case of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid with more than 30 years long-term asymptomatic pulmonary metastases.

This is a case report of a patient with thyroid cancer with asymptomatic pulmonary metastases, and without obvious progression over 34 years. The patient, a 47-year-old male, was shown to have miliary shadows on chest radiographs from the age of 13; indeed, he was temporarily treated for pulmonary tuberculosis without success. A tumour appeared in the right neck in December 1988 (at age 47). A diagnosis of lymph node metastasis of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid was made by biopsy; he then underwent total thyroidectomy with radical dissection of the neck (April 1989). However, the bilateral metastatic lymph nodes in the neck had invaded the vasculature, preventing complete dissection. Post-operative whole body 131I scintigraphy revealed diffuse intensive uptake in the bilateral lung fields, demonstrating for the first time that the pulmonary lesions were metastases of the thyroid cancer. He remains under periodic effective treatment with 131I.

Carcinoma, Papillary↗