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Biomedical subjects

F Jones

Publications and source records attributed to F Jones.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A cloned, antigen-specific, Ia-restricted Lyt-1+,2- T cell with suppressive activity.

The correlation between cell surface antigen phenotype and function is one of the cornerstones of modern cellular and clinical immunology. It is based on the collective experience of many investigators examining populations of T cells. The availability of cloned lines of T cells now allows us to ask whether all cells sharing cell surface antigen phenotype are functionally equivalent. We have examined a large number of antigen-specific, self-Ia recognizing, cloned Lyt-1+,2- T cell lines for their ability to help B cells proliferate and secrete antibody in response to antigen. All of these lines induced antigen-specific, Ia-restricted B cell proliferation. One line did not induce antibody secretion. This line, indeed suppressed the plaque-forming cell response of B cells helped by any of the other cloned T cell lines tested. Suppression in this system had all the characteristics of classical T cell help, apart from the ultimate outcome. That is, the suppressor cell acted upon the B cell in a manner that was antigen-specific, Ia-restricted, and required hapten-carrier linkage. We interpret our results as supporting the basic paradigm of an association of cell surface antigen phenotype with function, with an important proviso. Not all Ly1, Ia-restricted T cells may be capable of helper function, and some in fact may be suppressive. Experimental conditions favoring the generation of such cells, or disease states in which such cells reside within the Ly1 or T4+ subset, may give rise to disparities between phenotype and function similar to that observed here at the clonal level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Syringomyelia as a sequel to traumatic paraplegia.

Ten cases of post-traumatic paraplegia are described in whom syringomyelia symptoms have supervened. Five patients have been operated upon after investigation. Operative results have been encouraging. A discussion of likely pathogenetic mechanisms is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Predicting offspring vulnerability to psychopathology from parents' test data.

Interpretation of parents' psychological test data was used to predict vulnerability to psychopathology of male offspring ages 4, 7, and 10. Families were chosen for the study according to the previous psychiatric diagnosis of at least one parent. The prediction of procedure was styled after methods used in previous studies with adolescent and young adult offspring. Vulnerability was measured by a global rating score obtained from the Rochester Adaptive Behavior Inventory, a scale based on behavioral observations of the offspring's behavior. Evaluation of 11 families at each age level resulted in significantly accurate predictions at the 10-year-old level, but less than significantly accurate predictions at the 7- and 4-year-old levels. These findings have important implications for the family development of schizophrenia and related disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Medication compliance in hyperactive children.

Medication compliance was studied over an 18-week period in 12 male children, ages 6 to 12 years, who were receiving medication for "hyperactivity." Subjects were randomly assigned to receive placebo (PB), d-amphetamine (AMP), and methylphenidate (MPH) for 6 weeks each in a triple-blind, crossover design. Urine samples were obtained weekly and assayed for MPH and AMP to assess compliance. Individual patient compliance varied from 0.00% to 100% (x = 67%) while taking MPH and from 20% to 83% (x = 60%) while taking AMP. The percent of patients compliant for a given week varied from 55% to 80% (x = 67%) when taking MPH and from 25% to 83% (x = 61%) when taking AMP. Significant positive noncompliance also occurred; ie, MPH was found in urine during the PB period in five of 12 individuals. Poor compliance in taking medication may explain, in part, the variable and conflicting results reported in many studies of the effect of medication on improving the behavior of hyperactive children.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1980

The effects of hypophysectomy and continuous food restriction, begun at ages 70 and 400 days, on collagen aging, proteinuria, incidence of pathology and longevity in the male rat.

Hypophysectomy in young male Wistar rats aged 70 days, followed by cortisone acetate replacement therapy throughout life, retarded the rate of aging of tail tendon collagen fibres, inhibited the development of certain diseases of old age (renal disease, cardiac enlargement, hind limb paralysis, and various endocrine and non-endocrine tumors) and significantly prolonged the duration of life. Almost identical anti-aging effects were obtained by lowering the food intake of intact rats to that of hypophysectomized rats, from age 70 days until death. Hypophysectomy in middle age, at 400 days, even with cortisone acetate replacement therapy, produced a sharp increase in the mortality rate; the surviving rats exhibited significantly reduced aging of collagen fibres and of the kidney as measured by protein excretion. Food restriction begun at 400 days also inhibited renal aging, but had no demonstrable effect on collagen aging during the first 100 days. These studies suggest that procedures such as hypophysectomy and food restriction do not switch off an aging mechanism in youth but probably exert a continuing inhibitory influence on certain aging processes throughout life.

Aging↗
PubMed1979

Parotid and whole-mouth secretion in response to viewing, handling, and sniffing food.

There was no significant change in flow rates of parotid saliva in nineteen of twenty subjects while they viewed photographs of lemons, or in fourteen of twenty subjects while they cut lemons in a glove box. Neither parotid nor whole-mouth secretion changed from baseline when subjects viewed fresh lemons and lemonade presented in a plastic box. Further, no significant changes in whole-mouth secretion rates were observed when subjects viewed photographs of two appetizing foods, or of fresh doughnuts in a plastic box, even though subjects knew they could eat the doughnuts after the experiment. In most cases, sniffing of the lemons or of the doughnuts resulted in increased flow rates. Subjects demonstrated large differences in their patterns of affective responses to full-strength and diluted lemon juice, which were independent of salivary flow. In the absence of olfactory or tactile stimulations, few subjects altered parotid or whole-mouth secretion rates in response to viewing food or photographs of food. A reevaluation of findings on 'psychic' stimulation of saliva may be in order to ascertain the role of olfactory, tactile, and even trigeminal clues in salivary response to food stimuli.

Citrates↗
PubMed1978

Salmonella pollution of surface waters.

Surface waters in 14 selected sites were examined for the presence of salmonella using modified Moore's swabs. The sites included an upland impounding reservoir, 3 rivers and 10 streams within Lancashire and Cheshire, selected because of their accessibility to farm livestock. Salmonellas were isolated from 22 out of the 57 swabs examined representing 10 sites. The probable source of pollution was shown to be sewage or farm effluent and an examination of sites over a wider area may be expected to produce similar results. The significance of these findings is discussed in relation to the epidemiology of salmonella infections and the possible disinfection of effluent discharges.

England↗
PubMed1977

Colectomy and ileorectal anastomosis for colitis: report on a personal series, with a critical review.

In a consecutive series of 86 patients who required total colectomy for inflammatory bowel disease, 36 (43 per cent) had an ileorectal anastomosis. On review between 1 and 18 years after the operation, there were 25 patients who retained the anastomosis, all of whom were in good general health. Details of their clinical and sigmoidoscopic assessment and the histological grading of rectal biopsies are given. The results are compared with other published reports in a critical review of the present standing of ileorectal anastomosis.

Adolescent↗