Biomedical subjects

F K Jacobi

Publications and source records attributed to F K Jacobi.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

[Glare sensitivity of phakic and pseudophakic eyes].

BACKGROUND: Glare disability and appearance of halos may be side-effects of cataract, but were also described in patients with multifocal IOLs. The aim of this study was to compare glare sensitivity and halo size in phakic and pseudophakic eyes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Contrast sensitivity without and with glare and halos around a light source were measured by means of a new computerized test in patients with cataract, monofocal IOLs, multizonal progressive and diffractive multifocal IOLs as well as in a younger control group of subjects with clear lenses. Glare acuity was measured at three different luminance settings. RESULTS: Patients with cataract showed the most important reduction in contrast sensitivity, noticed significantly larger halos and were more impaired in glare acuity than patients with monofocal or multizonal progressive IOLs. There was no significant difference in any criteria between these two pseudophakic groups. Subjects with a clear cristalline lens had statistically significant better results compared with all other groups. CONCLUSION: An increase in glare sensitivity and the appearance of halos are more important in patients with even minor cataracts than in any pseudophakic population. As a consequence of this study, night driving ability should be carefully examined in any pseudophakic patient, but also in any subject with even beginning cataract.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[The "Array" silicone multi-focal lens: experiences after 150 implantations].

BACKGROUND: The Array-MIOL offers the advantage of an increased depth of focus; the aim of our study was to compare other functional results with those of a monofocal IOL. METHODS: Uncorrected and corrected distance and near visual acuity were measured in the early postoperative period and after 3 months. Results of contrast acuity (Regan charts) and contrast sensitivity (BVAT II-SG video acuity tester) of the Array-MIOL and a monofocal IOL were compared at the 3-months follow-up. RESULTS: Distance visual acuity of the multifocal group did not differ from the monofocal results; uncorrected and distance corrected near acuity were significantly superior in Array patients. The monofocal IOL showed a superior contrast acuity only at the 11% level and a superior contrast sensitivity only at one spatial frequency (20 cpd). Bilateral implantation of the Array-MIOL seems to further improve functional results. CONCLUSION: Implantation of the Array silicone multifocal IOL offers the advantage of pseudoaccommodation without relevant impairment of other visual functions.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

[Objective determination of refractive changes in silicon oil filled eyes--effect of head position on refraction].

BACKGROUND: The refraction of the eye is altered significantly after silicone oil instillation into the vitreous cavity due to its high refractive index. The degree of the refractive change varies during the daily course and depends on the position of the head. PATIENTS AND METHODS: To analyze the degree and time course of the refractive change depending on the head position we performed refractive measurements in 5 aphakic and 5 phakic silicone oil-filled eyes with attached macula by an automatic handrefractometer. This new device was used for 25 measurements at short intervals in each patient at different eye positions (supine position, prone position and primary eye position). RESULTS: Mean visual acuity in all patients valued 0.14 (+/- 0.05). The highest shift in refraction of +5.95 (+/- 2.63) dpt in spherical equivalents occurred in the aphakic eyes and of +2.45 (+/- 0.71) dpt in the phakic eyes after position change from face up to face down. Three minutes after position change the refraction remained stable in nearly all eyes. Only slight changes in cylinder and corresponding axis were found during the measurements with a mean axial shift of 10.1 (+/- 5.1) degrees. CONCLUSION: Immediately after change of the head position especially aphakic eyes demonstrated remarkable refractive shifts. The results of this study explain patients' complaint of visual changes during the daily course after intraocular silicone oil injection. Refractive alterations evoked by silicone oil stabilized a few minutes after change of the head position.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[Cataract surgery and anticoagulation--current status].

UNLABELLED: Patients on anticoagulation therapy run an increased risk for intraoperative bleeding, but withholding this rheologic therapy increases the danger of thromboembolic complications. Management of cataract patients on anticoagulation therapy is not standardized. In this multicenter survey, we ascertained perioperative management trends. METHODS: Questionnaires from 122 centers were received (81.3%), each performing an average of 1558 cataract surgeries/year (total: 172.880 surgeries in 1995). RESULTS: The majority of surgeons continued their surgical (73%) and anesthetic (75%) technique, continued aspirin (63%) and discontinued coumarine therapy (77%). The preferred kind of anesthesia was retro- (28%) or peribulbar (18%) followed by systemic and/or retrobulbar anesthesia (25%). 64% of surgeons changed their treatment to intravenous heparin, 36% stopped coumarine without supplement therapy, while 16% of these surgeons did not check for thromboplastine time. Those who continued cumarine therapy preferred a corneal approach (85%) with subconjunctival and topical anesthesia (51%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Anticoagulation therapy slightly influences anesthetic technique or the surgical approach chosen in these patients. Usually coumarine therapy was discontinued which implicates the possibility of life-threatening complications and mandates tight control of coagulation parameters. Ophthalmic surgeons who continued anticoagulation therapy preferred a corneal approach followed by phacoemulsification. The advantages of discontinuing anticoagulation therapy have to be weighed against potential risks.

Anticoagulants↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term endothelial cell loss following phacoemulsification through a temporal clear corneal incision.

PURPOSE: To evaluate central endothelial cell loss (ECL) following clear corneal cataract surgery using two different incision sizes and the effect of ultrasound time (UST) and power on postoperative ECL and various cell parameters. METHODS: Fifty-eight patients had phacoemulsification through temporal, two-step clear corneal tunnel incisions. In Group A (n = 28), a one-piece, plate-haptic foldable silicone intraocular lens (IOL) was implanted through a 3.5 mm sutureless incision. In Group B (n = 30), a poly(methyl methacrylate) IOL was implanted through a 5.0 mm incision with one radial suture. The central endothelial cell counts were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at 2 to 5 days, after 6 months, and after 1 year. Color-coded, computer-assisted specular microscopy was used for special cell analysis after 1 year. RESULTS: Collective data showed an ECL of 7.9 +/- 4.1% (mean +/- standard deviation) at 2 to 5 days postoperatively, 6.7 +/- 2.9% after 6 months, and 7.3 +/- 3.3% after 1 year. A direct linear relationship was found between ECL and UST and power: ECL increased as UST and power increased. After 1 year, ECL in Group A was 4.2% with UST < or = 11/2 minutes, 6.7% with UST > 11/2 to 21/2 min, and 9.6% with UST > 21/2 to 31/2 min; in Group B it was 6.0%, 7.5%, and 11.4%, respectively. Specular microscopy showed normal, age-related cell parameters 1 year postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Phacoemulsification with 3.5 mm clear corneal incisions produced slightly less ECL (6.7%) than phacoemulsification with 5.0 mm incisions (7.9%). Total ECL of 7.3% at 1 year postoperatively compared favorably with ECL rates of other cataract extraction methods.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Combined temporal phacoemulsification and pars plana vitrectomy for the treatment of cataract and giant retinal tear in a buphthalmic eye.

The standard approach to a three-port to pars plana vitrectomy is by placing the sclerotomies in the superotemporal and superonasal quadrant and the infusion port in the inferotemporal quadrant. This approach may be adjusted in selected cases that exhibit structural abnormalities of the globe at the superior site by placement of the sclerotomies in the temporal quadrants. We describe a case of a buphthalmic eye with a huge filtering bleb from previous glaucoma surgery that successfully underwent combined cataract and vitreoretinal surgery from a temporal approach for the repair of a giant retinal tear with cataract.

Cataract↗