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Biomedical subjects

F Kruse

Publications and source records attributed to F Kruse.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Effects of extended storage of whole blood before leucocyte depletion on coagulation factors in plasma.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of leucocyte-depleted plasma produced from leucocyte-depleted whole blood, stored for different periods of times before filtration through polyurethane filters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Whole blood was collected, from 48 voluntary donors, into quadruple blood bag sets with integrated whole-blood filters, and stored at room temperature for 1, 2, 6, or 18 h before filtration. Five samples were taken: one directly from the donor; one immediately after collection; one before and one after filtration; and one from plasma units before freezing. All samples were analysed for the following parameters: prothrombin time; activated partial thromboplastin time; prothrombin fragments F1+2; fibrinogen; factors VIII, XI and XII; von Willebrand factor antigen; ristocetin cofactor activity; collagen-binding capacity; multimers; and complement C3a-desArg. RESULTS: Different whole-blood storage times before filtration did not have a significant effect on the stability of coagulation factors. The activity of all investigated coagulation factors in plasma was generally above 90 U/dl, even after 18 h of storage of whole blood before filtration. von Willebrand factor multimeric distribution remained stable throughout the process. However, activation of complement did occur during storage. CONCLUSIONS: Leucodepleted plasma originating from leucodepleted whole blood maintains a satisfactory level of coagulation factors, even after the storage of whole blood for 18 h at room temperature before filtration.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Differential diagnosis of morbus Crohn disease: intussusception of the colon].

We report on a 35-year old women with severe abdominal pain, cramps, diarrhea with blood and a palpable paraumbilical resistance. The symptoms appeared a few days before admission and were recurrent within the last two years. The abdominal ultrasound showed a target sign with a thickened wall from the right to the left colon flexure with inhomogeneous reflexes. The CT-scan and barium enema showed an intussusception of the colon. After hemicolectomy of the right colon a 6 x 4 x 4 cm exophytic tumor near the ileocoecal valve was detected. Histologically the tumor was diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of the coecum (pT2pNOpMX G2).

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

[Ex-vivo expansion of cornea stem cells. Experimental principles and initial clinical results].

The ocular surface epithelium is composed of conjunctiva, limbus and cornea. These three compartments and an stable preocular tear film are crucial factors determining ocular surface health. Stem cells of the corneal epithelium are exclusively located at the limbus. Limbal stem cells are the ultimate source of regeneration of the entire corneal epithelium and in a variety of ocular surface diseases limbal stem cell deficiency has been observed to be a characteristic feature. Therefore renewal of the limbal stem cell population using different surgical techniques has been described as the only possible therapeutic strategy. Recent advancements in cell biology have enabled the development of new models of tissue engineering as a tool for tissue replacement. The aim of this review is to summarize recently reported clinical and experimental studies showing new developments in tissue engineering for the reconstitution of the ocular surface epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Evidence-based scientific analysis of fundamental Medical Services of Statutory Health Insurance internal principle assessment].

In Germany, the increasing relevance of Evidence-based medicine (EbM) is not only a consequence of growing economic limitations in the health care system but of a changed jurisdiction, too: liability of the statutory health insurances (SHI) to pay for medical care depends on the proof of its effectiveness. This is of special importance for the Medical Services in their role as an advisor of the SHI. The article depicts the basic assignments of the Medical Services of the Statutory Health Insurance, their legal frame and the role of EbM in sociomedical expertising. The way of fundamental sociomedical expertising, its internal and external effects, the personnel and technical/logistic requirements are described as well as potential of improvement.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMed2000

[Painless orbital swelling after sojourn in tropics. Cysticercosis and other parasitic eye diseases].

BACKGROUND: The differential diagnosis of painless orbital swelling is complex and based on radiological and physical examination as well as laboratory tests. Due to increasing tourism to exotic countries a thorough history is important to observe diseases which are rare in industrialised countries but frequent in developing countries. PATIENT: A 30-year-old man complained about a painless orbital swelling in the absence of general symptoms. Orbital examination revealed a normal globe. MRI scan and B-scan ultrasounds showed an orbital cyst with a diameter of 1 cm. The patient's history disclosed lengthy travel to India as well as South East Asia. RESULTS: Histopathological examinations following excision of a whitish intraorbital mass showed a cream-white, thin walled cyst with a single central invaginated scolex with suckers and hooklets. This finding is characteristic for cysticercosis. CONCLUSIONS: Cysticercus cellulose is the larval stage of the pork tapeworm Taenia solium. It is transmitted by ingestion of contaminated food or water. Ocular affection is reported concerning the vitreous or subretinal localisation, less often in the anterior segment, subconjunctiva or orbita. Especially after trips to tropical regions, parasitic diseases should be kept in mind when dealing with unusual eye symptoms. Besides cysticercosis there are e.g. echinococcosis, onchocercosis (river blindness) and infections with toxocara or Loa loa.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Cooperation between elements of an organ-specific transcriptional enhancer in animals.

The elastase I gene enhancer that specifies high levels of pancreatic transcription comprises three functional elements (A, B, and C). When assayed individually in transgenic mice, homomultimers of A are acinar cell specific, those of B are islet specific, and those of C are inactive. To determine how the elements interact in the elastase I enhancer and to investigate further the role of the C element, we have examined the activity of the three possible combinations of synthetic double elements in transgenic animals. Combining the A and B elements reconstitutes the exocrine plus endocrine specificity of the intact enhancer with an increased activity in acinar cells compared with that in the A homomultimer. The B element therefore plays a dual role: in islet cells it is capable of activating transcription, whereas in acinar cells it is inactive alone but greatly augments the activity specified by the A element. The C element augments the activity of either the A or B element without affecting their pancreatic cell type specificity. The roles of each element were verified by examining the effects of mutational inactivation of each element within the context of the elastase I enhancer. These results demonstrated that when tested in animals, the individual enhancer elements can perform discrete, separable functions that combine additively for cell type specificity and cooperatively for the overall strength of a multielement stage- and site-specific transcriptional enhancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A single element of the elastase I enhancer is sufficient to direct transcription selectively to the pancreas and gut.

The elastase I (EI) gene is expressed at high levels in the exocrine pancreas and at lower levels in other regions of the gut. The transcriptional enhancer of the EI gene, from nucleotides -205 to -72, recapitulates the expression of the endogenous gene in transgenic mice; it directs not only pancreatic acinar cell expression of a human growth hormone (hGH) transgene but also expression to the stomach, duodenum, and colon. This pattern of selective expression limited to the gastroenteropancreatic organ system is specified by the A element, one of three functional elements in the EI enhancer. When multimerized, the A element directed expression of a hGH reporter gene selectively to the pancreas, stomach, and intestine in transgenic mice. Immunofluorescent localization of hGH indicated that the A element multimer transgenes were expressed in the acinar cells of the pancreas as well as in Brunner's gland cells of the duodenum. The A element binds a pancreatic acinar cell-specific factor, PTF1. Our results show that while the A element is responsible for directing tissue and cell type specificity, other elements of the enhancer must be involved in the regulation of the level of gene expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

An endocrine-specific element is an integral component of an exocrine-specific pancreatic enhancer.

We have analyzed the function of individual elements of the elastase I transcriptional enhancer in transgenic animals. This pancreas-specific enhancer comprises three functional elements, one of which (the B element) plays a dual role. Within the context of the enhancer, the B element contributes to appropriate acinar cell expression. However, when separated from the other enhancer components, the B element selectively directs transcription in islet cells of transgenic animals. This islet-specific activity is normally suppressed by an upstream repressor domain. The B element binds a novel islet-specific factor, and similar B-like elements are present in other pancreatic genes, both exocrine and endocrine specific. We suggest that a principal role of this transcriptional element and its associated factors is to activate many pancreatic genes as part of the program of pancreatic determination prior to the divergence of the acinar and islet cell lineages.

Amylases↗
PubMed1991

[Appendicitis in the aged].

From 1984 to 1989 78 patients over the age of 60 years were operated on acute appendicitis. Compared to appendicitis in younger people these older patients showed 3 times longer an interval between the first appearance of symptoms and their contact to the doctor, or surgical treatment. As result of this longer period appeared the high perforation rate 53.8%. In this group of patients with perforation the complication rate was 4 times higher than the intraoperative and histologically confirmed acute appendicitis. From these facts results a mortality rate of 4%. In the retrospective evaluation was also seen that there was no conclusion between the laboratory parameters, the physical symptoms and the degree of the inflammation of the evidence of perforation with local or diffused peritonitis. The inclusion of appendicitis in the differential diagnosis of acute abdominal pain in older people offers the chance of an earlier surgical treatment, so reducing the risk of postoperative complication and mortality.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1989

Differential requirements for cell-specific elastase I enhancer domains in transfected cells and transgenic mice.

The 134-bp enhancer region of the pancreatic elastase I gene is sufficient to direct pancreatic acinar cell-specific transcription in transgenic mice and in transfected cells in culture. Ten-base-pair scanner mutations in three separate enhancer domains that inactivate enhancer function in transfected pancreatic cells in culture have no significant effect in transgenic mice. Because any pair of the three domains is sufficient to direct pancreas-specific expression in mice, no one domain is required for pancreas-specific transcription. Disruption of any two domains does inactivate the enhancer function in transgenic mice. Therefore, the elastase I enhancer domains essential for function in transfected cells in culture are not essential in animals but have a redundant function not apparent in transfected cells. This redundant function is not because of the particular acinar cell line used for transfections, the nature of the reporter gene, or the state of integration of the foreign test gene. We conclude that a trans-acting transcription factor or a modification of a factor(s) present in pancreatic cells of an animal is absent in pancreatic acinar cell lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The cell-specific elastase I enhancer comprises two domains.

Two separate domains within the 134-base-pair rat elastase I enhancer and a third domain at the enhancer-promoter boundary are required for selective expression in pancreatic acinar cells. The domains were detected by a series of 10-base-pair substitution mutations across the elastase I gene regulatory region from positions -200 to -61. The effect of each mutant on the pancreas-specific expression of a linked chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene was assayed by transfection into pancreatic 266-6 acinar cells and control NIH/3T3 cells. The two enhancer domains are nonredundant, because mutations in either eliminated (greater than 100-fold reduction) expression in 266-6 cells. DNase I protection studies of the elastase I enhancer-promoter region with partially purified nuclear extracts from pancreatic tissue and 266-6 cells revealed nine discrete protected regions (footprints) on both DNA strands. One of three footprints that lie within the two functional domains of the enhancer contained a sequence, conserved among several pancreas-specific genes, which when mutated decreased linked chloramphenicol acetyltransferase expression up to 170-fold in 266-6 cells. This footprint may represent a binding site for one or more pancreas-specific regulatory proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Immunogenicity of the gene S and Pre-S domains in hepatitis B virions and HBsAg filaments.

The three morphological forms (20-nm particles, filaments, virions) of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were isolated from serum of chronic virus carriers or from transfected cell lines. BALB/c mice and guinea pigs were immunized with the antigens and the antibody responses against the three antigenic domains of the viral envelope were assayed. The proportion of pre-S1, pre-S2 and gene S antibodies was similar to the molar proportion of the domains in the immunogens. The major gene S and pre-S1 epitopes were conformational, and the major epitopes of the pre-S2 domain were sequential. The immunogenicity of natural and recombinant antigens was identical. The proportion of subtype-specific antibodies was high. The results suggest that recombinant HBsAg filaments containing both subtypes ad and ay may be optimal hepatitis B vaccines.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

A thermosensitive lesion in a Chinese hamster cell mutant causing differential effects on the acidification of endosomes and lysosomes.

We previously described the isolation and preliminary characterization of a Chinese hamster ovary cell mutant, termed G.7.1, that carried a temperature-sensitive, conditional-lethal lesion affecting the acidification of vesicles in crude cellular extracts (Marnell, M. H., Mathis, L. S., Stookey, M., Shia, S.-P., Stone, D. K., and Draper, R. K. (1984) J. Cell Biol. 99, 1907-1916). In the present report, we have separated lysosomal vesicles from more buoyant nonlysosomal vesicles by centrifuging cell extracts with Percoll and correlated the acidification defect with nonlysosomal vesicles, including endosomes, but not with secondary lysosomes. Moreover, the acidification of nonlysosomal vesicles prepared from mutant cells grown at the permissive temperature was more sensitive to thermal inactivation than similar vesicles from parental cells, implying that a heat-sensitive component is a normal resident of nonlysosomal vesicles in the mutant. This heat-sensitive component is apparently not associated with lysosomes, or if it is, it does not inhibit lysosomal acidification at the nonpermissive temperature. We also found that the transferrin-mediated uptake of iron is inhibited by 50% in the mutant cells at the nonpermissive temperature and that the inhibition cannot be accounted for by reduced binding or internalization of transferrin.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Interactions between vaccinia virus and sensitized macrophages in vitro.

The action of peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) from normal and vaccinia virus infected mice on infectious vaccinia virus particles was investigated in vitro. PEC from immune mice showed a significantly higher infectivity titre reduction (virus clearance, VC) than normal cells. This effect could be clearly attributed to the macrophage. Vaccinia virus multiplied in PEC from normal animals while there was no virus propagation in cells from immunized mice. The release of adsorbed or engulfed virus was reduced significantly in PEC from immunized animals. Anti-vaccinia-antibodies seem to activate normal macrophages to increased virus clearance. This stimulating effect was demonstrable only in the IgG fraction of the antiserum. The activity of macrophages from mice injected three times over a period of 14 days with vaccinia virus could be entirely blocked with anti-mouse-IgG, while PEC from mice injected one time six days previously were not inhibited.

Animals↗