PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F L Lado Lado

Publications and source records attributed to F L Lado Lado.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Current treatment of tuberculosis].

Tuberculosis (TB) is a growing national and international health concern today. A revision of pharmacological treatment of TB is done in this issue. Regimens for TB disease and latent TB treatment are described. Common adverse reactions and drug interactions of first and second-line antituberculosis drug are summarized in tables. Management strategies to improve treatment adherence and TB control, treat special situations like immunodeficiences, pregnancy, hepatic and renal impairment and multidrug resistant TB are presented. In a next future the prospects for using more effective and shorter new treatments to fight against this disease are not very promising.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed2003

[Endocarditis caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: report of a case and review of literature].

We report a case of a 65 year-old woman with late endocarditis of prosthetic aortic valve and paravalvular abscess by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which had an acute presentation for the memtionated abscess broken, with fever, bacteremia and congestive heart failure secondary to severity aortic regurgitation. Itacute;s a rare cause of endocarditis with only 22 cases descripted in medical literature, the most of them in parenteral drug addict and as complication of cardiac valve replacement. The literature is reviewed and relate the epidemiology, clinical and prognosis characteristics of this disease, the same as his treatment and prevention.

Abscess↗
PubMed2003

[Oral anticoagulation].

The use of oral anticoagulants in the prevention of thrombotics processes, has experienced a considerable increase. In addition, there are a growing experience on the medical and socials consequences of the use of this drug. This has originated a much more pragmatic vision of the daily handling of the anticoagulated patient. In this article, we made are vision about the indications and the practical use, including some useful advices and criteria for the concomitant drug selection.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2002

Rapid diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis by ligase chain reaction amplification.

A total of 87 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples obtained from 85 patients with suspected meningitis were examined for the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by means of ligase chain reaction amplification (LCx; Abbott Laboratories). The results were compared with direct smear and culture results. Of 61 patients with pathological CSF, 9 (14.8%) were scheduled to receive treatment for tuberculous meningitis. The sensitivity of the smear and culture tests was 11.1 and 33.3%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the LCx assay were 55.5, 100, 100 and 92.9%, respectively. The results reveal that amplification by ligase chain reaction is valuable for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.

Cerebrospinal Fluid↗
PubMed2002

Bronchoesophageal fistulae secondary to tuberculosis.

An elderly patient with a bronchoesophageal fistula secondary to tuberculosis and a 3-month history of cough and dysphagia worsening with deglutition was admitted to hospital. Radiological examination and CT of the thorax revealed mediastinal adenopathy. Bronchoscopy, esophagoscopy and esophagraphy confirmed the presence of a bronchoesophageal fistula. Histological examination of the esophagus and bronchial biopsy specimens revealed nonnecrotic granulomas, and the acid-fast bacilli tested positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in respiratory secretions. Antituberculous treatment was started after diagnosis of intrathoracic lymph node tuberculosis with bronchoesophageal fistulization. A month and a half after initiating treatment, paroxistic coughing during deglutition persisted. An esophagoscopy was performed, and the orifice was closed with a fibrin tissue. After 9 months of treatment, the patient was asymptomatic and in good health.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[Syphilis: current therapeutic perspectives].

Despite many years of study questions regarding the appropriate therapy for syphilis still remain. Alternatives to penicillin for the treatment of syphilis continue to be sought. This article examines the studies relating to syphilis treatment published during the last years and also the new treatment guidelines for every stage of this sexually transmitted disease.

Humans↗
PubMed2002

[Tuberculosis in elderly patients. Presentation forms].

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the distribution of the forms of presentation of tuberculosis (TPF) in elderly patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The medical records of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis attending the Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Unit of the Santiago Health District were reviewed over of six years period. The classification of TPF was: pulmonary forms (P), disease confined to the lung; extrapulmonary forms (EF), disease outside the lung; mixed forms (MF), the presence of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; disseminated forms (DF), the presence of two or more extrapulmonary locations; and miliary TB, which was defined by a diffuse pulmonary radiographic pattern or diagnosis was undertaken by necropsy. RESULTS: A total of 278 tuberculosis infected patients were observed, 156 (56.2%) were men and 122 (43.8%) women, their mean age was 75.3 years (range 65-95). The distribution of TPF was: 155 (55.8%) P forms; 66 (23.7%) EF, of which 27 (41.0%) were ganglionary location, 12 (18.2%) bone and joint, 8 (12.0%) intestinal, 6 (9.1%) peritoneal, 5 (7.6%) meningeal, and other locations 8 (12.1%); MF 47 cases (16.9%); miliary TB 7 cases (2.5%) and. DF 3 cases (1.1%). None case was observed of HIV infected patient. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings confirm high incidence of extrapulmonary TB in elderly patients. Our experience shows a modification to the classical presentation of the disease, and thus the need for sensitivity in locating the disease.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2002

[Tuberculous peritonitis. Report of 2 cases].

They are revised the clinical and diagnostic manifestations of tuberculous peritonitis. For this, it is provided our experience in three cases: 2 women and 1 man with ages between 49 and 79 years old. The more frequent clinical manifestations were general syndrome and ascites in all the cases (100%) and fever in 2 (66%). The mantoux was positive in two cases. The peritoneal fluid presented lymphocytic exudate and determination of adenosine deaminase increased in all the cases. The diagnosis was performed through laparoscopy with peritoneal biopsy with presence of necrotic granulomas. Only in 1 case,is identified growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in peritoneal fluid. All the patients answered positively to the specific treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

[Recurrence of tuberculosis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical manifestations of the relapse of the tuberculosis (TB) in the patients infected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the degree of immunodeficiency shown. MATERIAL AND METHOD: They are analyzed retrospectively 121 cases, all they HIV+, diagnosed of TB from November of 1985 until December of 1999. All they fulfilled correctly the specific treatment of the tuberculosis. RESULTS: Of 121 studied cases, a total of 13 (10.7%) presented relapse of tuberculosis finally of a mean of 31.8 months (range 1-95). In 7 cases the affectation was pulmonary (2 typical, 5 non typical), in 3 mixed (pulmonary and extrapulmonary) and in 3 extrapulmonary. The clinical sintomatology were present in 92% of the cases and, predominantly, was: fever (92%), cough (69%), sweating, weight loss (61%). Hepatomegaly results be the exploratory finding quite frequent (54%). The mean of CD4+ lymphocytes was 141.7 (range 3-406), in 8 (61%) the lymphocyte counts was inferior to 100 cells/mm3. PPD was positive in 1 case (14%) and with respect to delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction test, it was observed not normoergia in all the cases (100%). CONCLUSIONS: Relapse of the tuberculosis in patient infected by the VIH is presented with a manifested clinical expresivity in the course of a severe degree of immunodeficiency. In certain groups of risk as the intravenous drugs users, it must of be had a high level of suspicion of the relapse of the disease, above all in those patients that show low CD4+ lymphocyte counts.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Correlation between CD4 lymphocytes and viral load in patients with HIV and tuberculosis].

OBJECTIVE: A retrospective study of the correlation between CD4 lymphocytes and the viral load in 16 HIV-patients with tuberculosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The clinical forms of presentation of tuberculosis were classified according to the location/s of the disease into: pulmonary, distinguishing between typical pulmonary and atypical according to the radiological pattern; extrapulmonary; mixed forms: pulmonary and extrapulmonary; and miliary tuberculosis. RESULTS: Tuberculosis was exclusively pulmonary in 7 cases (44%), all were atypical; extrapulmonary 6 (38%); mixed 2 (12%); and miliary 1 (6%). The mean CD4 lymphocyte count was 111.1 (range 5-360), in 11 (69%) the counts were below 200 cells/mm3. The lowest CD4 count was in the mixed forms with a mean of 45 cells/mm3 whilst the highest was obtained in pulmonary forms with a mean of 128.3 cells/mm3. The mean viral load was 4.82 log (range, 0-5.93), the highest load was for mixed forms with a mean 5.69 log, whereas the lowest load was for pulmonary forms with a mean of 4.19 log. No significant correlation was observed between CD4 lymphocytes and viral load (correlation coefficient--0.1163). CONCLUSIONS: Though no significant correlation was observed, a high CD4 was associated to a low viral load and inversely a low CD4 with a high viral load.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2000

[Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection: clinical manifestations and performance of diagnostic procedures according to distinct forms of the localization of disease].

OBJECTIVES: To analyse the clinical manifestations and performance of the diagnosis methods in tuberculosis (TB) diagnosed in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection (HIV), according to the location forms of disease (LF). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We revised 80 cases of TB diagnosed in patients with infection by HIV. The data were gathered in relation to TB location, the clinical data and the microbiological and histological diagnosed studies. In the statistic analysis the values p < 0.05 were taken into account. RESULTS: The prevalence of LF was: 1) pulmonary forms (PF) 32 (40%), of which 12 were typical pulmonary (TP) and 20 atypical pulmonary (AP); 2) mixed forms (MF) 21 (26%); 3) extrapulmonary forms (EF) 19 (24%), of which 17 were lymphadenitis; 4) miliary tuberculosis (MT) 8 cases (10%). The prevailing symptoms were: fever (71%) mainly in MF and MT, cough (69%), with less frequency in AP, EF and MT (p < 0.05) and adenomegalies especially in EF and MF. The diagnosis was based on the study of the sputum smears and lymph node. The bacilloscope of the spontaneous sputum was 53% with a minor performance in the AP (p < 0.05), while in lymph node the smear for AFB was positive in 78% cases and caseous granulomas were observed in 87%. CONCLUSIONS: In our study the major confirmed locations were pulmonary and lymph node, the most important clinical symptoms were fever, cough and adenomegalies. The diagnosis was based, in the most of cases, on the microbiologic and histologic examination of bronchial secretion and lymph node samples.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗