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Biomedical subjects

F Leblhuber

Publications and source records attributed to F Leblhuber.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[A comparative study of the sensory conduction velocity of the sural nerve using surface and needle electrodes].

In 18 healthy persons aged 22-71 years and 17 patients suffering from clinically defined polyneuropathy the NCV of the sural nerve was measured both by antidromic technic recorded by surface electrodes and by orthodromic technique recorded by needle electrodes. Stimulation was done by bipolar surface electrodes in all cases. The skin temperature was warmed up to the minimum of 35 degrees C. The results showed in both groups a highly significant correlation of the NCV measured by antidromic and orthodromic technique. With increasing age the NCV decreased, but this was not significant. In all healthy persons sensory nerve potentials could be recorded with both techniques. In polyneuropathy missing of sensory potentials was higher in patients investigated by the antidromic technique than by orthodromic. For clinical practice measurement of NCV in sural nerve using antidromic technique should be preferred because of its simpler and faster achieving, its lower discomfort for the patient and avoiding risk of infection. However in case of missing nerve potentials, orthodromic investigation using needle electrodes for recording should be added.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Lack of specificity of single photon emission computerized tomography in dementia--results of a case of progressive paralysis].

In a 53-year old male suffering from paretic neurosyphilis, SPECT-investigations were performed before and after treatment with high doses of Penicillin G. The patient was admitted for disturbances of speech and concentration, memory disorder and tonic-clonic seizures. Mental examination showed a mild dysphoria and irritability in mood, but no disturbance of orientation, no euphoria or expansive delusions, and no paranoia. Mini-Mental-State examination was within the normal range (28 points); no abnormalities were found on neurologic examination, and CT and MRI investigations showed normal findings. The diagnosis was verified by CSF-examination (pleocytosis, elevated protein, positive Lues reactions). SPECT investigation with Tc 99m HMPAO (20 mCi, single-head rotating camera) revealed a pronounced bilateral parieto-temporal uptake deficiency as observed in patients with dementia of Alzheimer's type. After 18 months the clinical symptoms had remitted, and laboratory findings were improved. On the other hand, the bilateral parieto-temporal uptake deficiency in SPECT remained unchanged. Possible causes of these findings are discussed in relation to neuropathologic findings. It can be concluded that bilateral parieto-temporal uptake deficiency in SPECT is a nonspecific finding and that there is no correlation between clinical improvement and SPECT pattern in paretic neurosyphilis.

Dementia↗
PubMed1991

Asterixis as a side effect of carbamazepine therapy.

A patient developed asterixis 13 weeks after starting a therapy with carbamazepine. Serum concentration of carbamazepine was within the therapeutic levels. Further factors which might have provoked asterixis were an impairment of pulmonary function and the combination with a neuroleptic and lithium. Since the latter risk factors had already been present for a long time, it may be assumed that the addition of carbamazepine triggered the development of asterixis.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1991

Long latency EMG responses in early diagnosis of Huntington's chorea.

In healthy subjects, 2 EMG responses of the thenar muscles can be distinguished, elicited by electrical stimulation of the median nerve during an isometric contraction: an early spinal response (M1) and a long latency response (LLR) (M2); earlier studies have shown that in patients with Huntington's chorea (HC) this late EMG response is missing. LLR were studied in the nine subjects at risk out of three families with definite HC. In 6 of them, LLR was clearly asymmetrical or absent on one or both sides, while normal LLRs were seen in the rest of the subjects studied; LLR abnormalities found in clinically free members of HC families may assist in early diagnosis of individuals who may later develop symptoms and may help in genetic counselling.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Clinical and electrodiagnostic findings, nerve biopsy and blood group markers in a family with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies.

Clinical, electrophysiologic and biopsy findings as well as studies of blood group markers in a family with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) are reported. There was an autosomal dominant trait without genetic linkage between the HNPP gene and blood group markers controlled by chromosome 1. Reduced motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity was found in clinically affected and unaffected nerves. Characteristic morphological changes in sural nerve biopsy including tomaculous swelling were present.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of acute manifestation of hemichorea with aspirin. A case report].

A patient is described with a history of coronary artery disease and diabetes showing unilateral continuous jerking limb movements immediately after general anaesthesia. Carotid territory hypoperfusion is assumed to be the pathogenetic factor of these involuntary limb movements. 2 days after administration of 1000 mg Aspirin these movements ceased, supporting this trial prior to invasive surgical procedures especially in high risk patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Botulinum toxin A in therapy of craniocervical dystonias and hemifacial spasm].

34 patients with focal dystonias (13 with essential blepharospasm, 3 with Meige's syndrome, 2 with hemifacial spasm, 16 with spasmodic torticollis) were treated with botulinum type A toxin. 4 ng of botulinum type A toxin per eye were applied in the M. orbicularis oculi as first injection in the 18 patients without spasmodic torticollis. The 16 patients with idiopathic spasmodic torticollis received 10 ng botulinum toxin A in the contralateral M. sternocleidomastoideus as well as in the ipsilateral M. splenius capitis as first injection. The effect was monitored for a time period of at least 6 weeks by two subjective rating scores, a visual functional score and a global clinical impression score. Patients with blepharospasm showed a distinct improvement already after 4 days which lasted for 6 weeks. 75% of the patients with spasmodic torticollis experienced a moderate to distinct improvement after 4 days which remained stable for 6 weeks. A second injection was performed in 15 (7 blepharospasm, 8 spasmodic torticollis) patients 9-11 weeks later with a similar success. All observed side effects (weakness; stiffness of local muscles; feeling of dryness of eyes, unilateral ptosis) were mild and of transient nature. We suggest therefore botulinum type A toxin as treatment of first choice in focal dystonias.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Single-photon emission-computed tomography in the differential diagnosis of dementia].

To assess the value of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in the differential diagnosis of dementia SPECT and conventional computed tomography were performed in 77 patients (50 men, 27 women, mean age 59 [28-90] years) with dementia diagnosed by a battery of psychometric tests. In 13 out of 15 patients with dementia of Alzheimer type SPECT showed a typical Alzheimer pattern (bilateral parietotemporal perfusion defects). Both patients with dementia of Pick type had definite decreases in frontal perfusion. All 21 patients with dementia due to Huntington's chorea showed a typical pattern with absent perfusion of the head of the caudate nucleus, although in three of them conventional computed tomography didn't demonstrate complete atrophy of this structure. Out of 23 patients with multi-infarct dementia there were 17 with focal uptake deficits at various sites, while six displayed an Alzheimer pattern. In Korsakoff's syndrome (n = 11), Down's syndrome (n = 1), Fahr's syndrome (n = 2), senile chorea (n = 1) and HIV encephalopathy (n = 1) no typical distribution patterns were noted. Single photon emission computed tomography can make a contribution to the diagnosis and classification of primary degenerative dementias and can be used to differentiate them from other forms of dementia.

AIDS Dementia Complex↗
PubMed1989

[Brain abscess. Prognostic factors].

Thirty-eight cases of cerebral abscess were analysed retrospectively for any factors that might influence outcome. Using the "Glasgow outcome score", age, history, level of consciousness, as well as various computed tomography findings (cisternal swelling, compression of the ventricular system, degree of oedema and size of abscess) were considered for their prognostic value. It was found that age over 40 years and clouded consciousness exerted a statistically significant unfavourable effect (P less than 0.05). Outcome was also unfavourable in half the patients with multiple abscesses, but the number of cases (six) was too small to be statistically significant. All other variables had no statistically significant influence on prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Diagnostic value of different electrophysiologic tests in cervical disk prolapse.

We evaluated 24 patients with radiologically verified cervical disk prolapse. EMG abnormalities appeared in 67% of cases studied; dermatomal somatosensory evoked potentials revealed 85% abnormal findings on the affected side, but also revealed abnormalities in adjacent segments. In 38%, F responses were abnormal. We found electrodiagnostic abnormalities at levels without a disk prolapse, probably due to degenerative spondylopathic changes and beginning consecutive vascular compromise.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Pathogenesis and therapy of nontraumatic compressive radial nerve paralyses--report of an unusual case].

A case of nontraumatic radial nerve palsy at the level of the canalis spiralis is reported. Aetiologically a variation of branching of this nerve combined with an inflammatory swelling is discussed. After the surgical treatment a satisfactory recovery of motor function was seen. The necessity for a careful and thorough examination is demonstrated to diagnose or localise such non-traumatic lesions.

Adult↗