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Biomedical subjects

F Lolas Stepke

Publications and source records attributed to F Lolas Stepke.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Detection of psychiatric disorders in the elderly].

The goal of this paper was to study the usefulness of standardised tests in elderly and assess the relationship among sociodemographic factors, neuropsychological indicators and psychiatric diagnosis, 40 subjects (31 women and 9 men, mean age 71.5 years, sd 6.16) who attended a primary care clinic in Santiago were interviewed using a sociodemographic interview, the Sarason's social support questionnaire, the mini mental state examination, the Goldberg health questionnaire, the Beck's inventory for measuring depression, the Wechsler adult intelligence scale and the Wechsler memory scale. Event related potentials were evoked in response to an auditory "Odd Ball" paradigm. A psychiatric interview, according ICD10 criteria gave 67.5% of psychiatric disorders. Anova analysis considering the psychiatric diagnostic groups showed significant differences for MMSE, GHQ12, BI, and WAIS. It is concluded that there is a high prevalence of psychiatric disorders and that standardised tests could be used for their detection.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Ethos, psyche, soma. Medicine and its mutations].

In this paper, understood as a contribution to a theoretical pathology, the necessity and urgency of a medical metatheory are explained on the basis of intensive and extensive developments of medical knowledge. These developments have extended beyond the limits of medicine modelled after the experimental and clinical paradigms, making it imperative to include the social and valoric dimensions within medicine and not as an addition to its traditional goals. The metamedicine so created, it is suggested, should develop a dialogic model in which, without having to postulate isomorphisms or correlations, the dilemmas posed by ethos, psyche and soma are confronted as discourses of a human science.

Philosophy, Medical↗
PubMed1994

[Thanatotherapeutics].

Thanatotherapeutics, as "ars bene moriendi", belongs to those services that modern medicine should restore and value most. Its exercise demands examining the plurality and heterogeneity of the discourses about death: the biological, the anthropological, the sociological and the theological, among others. Each one of them has its own context of validity and a proper scope. The association between aging and dying permits a discussion of the disablement process and of social death, as paradigms for the most general features of dying. As a concrete and individual process, death occurs nowadays in hospitals and hospices, this fact being essential for examining it in terms of the actors and agents present in this institutional setting. Some principles are derived and discussed, among them three dimensions deemed relevant for appraising thanatotherapeutic work: what is proper according to art, what is good for the individuals concerned and what is just for the society to which they belong.

Aging↗
PubMed1994

[Darwin and the scientific study of behavior].

Interest in the study of behavior is ubiquitous in the works of Darwin's. Its influence upon the development--either direct or indirect--of the psychological science extends itself from methods to conceptions about human beings, and social ethics as well. Both the structure and scope of behavioral research have been influenced by Darwin's repositioning of humankind within Nature.

Behavior↗
PubMed1993

[Classification and nomenclature in psychiatry].

After distinguishing between classification and nomenclature and having discussed aims and forms of classification in general, emphasis is placed upon the nosological, the taxonomical and the statistical components of an appropriate psychiatric classification. A brief discussion of principles underlying the last revisions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association and the International Classification of Diseases permits an opinion about their strengths and weaknesses along with the plea for a revision of their conceptual bases.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

[The somatoform disorders in the ICD-10].

ICD-10 criteria for the diagnosis of somatoform disorder, included in chapter F4 together with neurotic disorders and those associated with stressful situations, are examined and evaluated. Even when the term poses semantic difficulties, clinical conditions included are frequent and deserve attention by psychiatrists and general practitioners. The usefulness of standardization is supported by empirical data.

Female↗
PubMed1993

[Periodicities in the longitudinal evaluation of affective status].

Both circadian and infradian rythms in Affective State (AS) are reported in 12 subjects (10 with Affective Disorders, 2 without Mental Disorder). The segmented visual scale ESTA-III was used, which yields scores for two dimensions: Mood and Drive. Self-assessment of AS was carried out every 8 hours for about a month. The statistical procedure is underlined. Theoretical implications of findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of women who attempted suicide].

Sociodemographic and clinical features of 124 female suicide attempters, referred to the psychiatric unit of a general hospital have been assessed by means of semistructured interviews, and Pierce's Suicide Intent Scale. Mean age was 30.8 +/- 9.8 years. Subjects' socioeconomic and educational status were low. Attempts were impulsive in 70%, the most frequent method subjects resorted to was overdose (68%). Most common causes for the attempt were difficulties with either marital life or relatives. The attempt was assessed as severe in 45% of cases. Previous attempts were found in 56%. At assessment, 50% of subjects were with Major Depression (DMS-III-R). Subjects with recurrent depressive disorders evidenced a significantly higher rate of severe attempts, and previous suicidal episodes. Findings reported herein are relevant to a secondary prevention of suicidal behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Overweight and obesity in Chilean women. A multivariate characterization based on psychophysiologic indicators].

This paper presents a reanalysis of previously collected data using multivariate statistical methods. Aside from confirming the discrimination between obese, and normal-weight women through psychometric indicators including a personality evaluation, and a verbal affective expression assessment, the power of multivariate methods for improving diagnosis is illustrated.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1992

[Functional dysphonia: relation with personality and ICD-10 criteria].

The International Classification of Diseases, 10th. revision (ICD-10) in the category F45 defines the somatoform disorder as a mental disease characterized by the reiterative presentation of somatic symptoms in absence of an organic disease, or the somatic pathology being insufficient to explain the intensity of the symptoms as well as the discomfort and preoccupation of the patient. Fifteen female teachers with functional dysphonia were studied by means of a semistructured interview and psychometric evaluations. Considering dysphonia as the principal symptom, the most frequent diagnosis, in accordance with ICD-10 was "Other somatoform disorder" (F-45.8)(9/15). Five patients were diagnosed as motor dissociative disorder (F-44.4). All the patients had some abnormality of personality (5 with personality disorder and 10 with exacerbation of personality traits). The criteria of ICD-10 to classify the functional dysphonia as Somatoform disorder are discussed. It is suggested that certain personality traits are facilitators for somatization.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Obesity and feeding behavior: diagnostic and psychometric aspects].

Obesity is regarded in its triple connotation of symptom, risk factor and homeostatic organization, stressing the inadequacy of traditional formulations about psychological causation. Psychological factors most frequently associated to obesity are excessive intake, complications of dieting and alterations of body image. The predictive role of psychophysiological dimensions of Restraint, Disinhibition and Hunger is discussed on the basis of empirical information. ICD-10 formulations are considered a positive advance in the taxonomy of syndromes with alterations of body weight.

Body Image↗