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Biomedical subjects

F M Griffioen

Publications and source records attributed to F M Griffioen.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

['There is a need for women doctors to join forces': Dutch Association of Women Physicians, 1933-1998].

After a history of some years, the Dutch Association of Medical Women (VNVA) was founded in 1933. The aim of the Association was to promote the interests of women doctors. At that time about 5% of the physicians were women. Their position on the labour market was not at all equal to that of their male colleagues. In 1949 some VNVA members played an important part in stimulating the recognition of women's interests by publishing on anticonception in this journal. It is still necessary to pay attention to equal opportunities for women doctors. Besides, promotion of a sex-sensitive health care was added to the mission statement. The Association nowadays has more than 2600 members.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1998

Sensate osteocutaneous fibula flap: anatomic study of the innervation pattern of the skin flap.

BACKGROUND: For oromandibular reconstructions, an osteocutaneous fibula flap provides sufficient bone and pliable skin. Sensory reinnervation could possibly prevent problems in mastication and deglutition. METHODS: In this anatomic study, 33 cadaver limbs were microsurgical dissected. We investigated the lateral sural cutaneous nerve (LSCN), which supplies sensation to the skin of the lateral lower leg, in relation to the fibula skin flap. The fibula is vascularized by the peroneal vessels via the posterior intermuscular septum. Therefore, the posterior septum determines the center line of the flap design. RESULTS: The LSCN runs in 74% of the dissections posterior to the posterior septum, whereas an anterior branch was seen in 26%. In 54% of the dissections, the distance to the posterior septum was within 3 cm from the septum, whereas in 86%, the distance was found to be within 4 cm. CONCLUSION: The skin flap should be designed more posteriorly to achieve maximal reinnervation.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1997

Experimental evaluation of scaphoid X-series, carpal box radiographs, planar tomography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of scaphoid fracture.

AIM: In this study, we evaluated scaphoid X-series, Carpal Box radiographs (longitudinal and transverse), planar tomography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of scaphoid fracture. The aim of this study was to evaluate the planar technique in the diagnosis of scaphoid fracture. The use of planar tomography, CT, and MRI was to see whether these methods are useful in the diagnosis of scaphoid fracture when other diagnostics modalities remains negative. METHODS: Twenty-eight embalmed human cadaver specimens were used, in 23 of which fractures of the scaphoid were produced mechanically. Scaphoid X-series, Carpal Box posterior-anterior radiographs in ulnar deviation (X-CB), Carpal Box posterior-anterior views with the hand in 15-degree supination and ulnar deviation (X-CB 15-degree) were acted in all specimens, CT in eight wrists, planar tomography in seven wrists, and MRI in five wrists. The anatomic analysis of the specimens was used as the gold standard for comparison. Scaphoid X-series, Carpal Box radiographs, and planar tomography were judged independently and in a blind fashion by six observers, and CT and MRI were also judged independently and in a blind fashion by three radiologists. The observers were asked if they could recognize a scaphoid fracture. The agreement among the six observers for the scaphoid X-series and X-CB was measured. RESULTS: In the 23 fractured wrists, scaphoid X-series, X-CB, X-CB 15-degree, was true positive in 12, 14, and 15 wrists, respectively, whereas these methods were true negative in cadaver wrists 1, 3, and 5. CT was true positive in five of five fractured wrists and true negative in three of three negative wrists. Planar tomography was true positive in one of four fractured wrists and true negative in two of three nonfractured wrists. MRI was obtained in five wrists (one without a fracture), of which the fracture was recognized in only two. The highest agreement between observers was found in the X-CB 15-degree. CONCLUSION: From the planar investigated methods, the 15-degree Carpal Box posterior-anterior, longitudinal and transverse views were most accurate in recognizing scaphoid fracture with also the highest agreement between the observers.

Cadaver↗
PubMed1992

Radiography of the carpal scaphoid. Experimental evaluation of "the carpal box" and first clinical results.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors describe a new device ("the carpal box") for the radiographic detection of occult scaphoid fracture. METHODS: Fractures in the scaphoid of five cadaver specimens were mechanically produced. Subsequent examinations included conventional scaphoid radiography, multi-angle radiography, and radiography using the new device. The anatomic analysis of the specimens served as the standard for comparison. A pilot study was performed in six consecutive patients with suspected scaphoid fracture. RESULTS: Neither scaphoid radiography nor multi-angle radiography could confirm a fracture in two specimens, whereas all fractures were recognized on the carpal box radiographs. All scaphoid fractures were visualized by carpal box radiography, whereas scaphoid radiography was equivocal in one patient and negative in the other. CONCLUSIONS: Carpal box radiography may have additional value in the diagnosis of occult scaphoid fracture. This may lead to a reduction in costs and inconvenience for patients with clinically suspected scaphoid fracture and negative scaphoid radiography.

Carpal Bones↗
PubMed1988

Facial growth in the rabbit after autologous grafting in unilateral clefts.

In each of 39 rabbits, a left-sided cleft of the lip and alveolar part of the maxilla were made by removal of the premaxillomaxillary suture. In 5 animals, the cleft was left unrepaired. In 12 animals, an autologous graft from the mandibular symphysis was introduced, and in 12 animals autologous rib-growth cartilage was used for grafting. Lateral photographs of adult skulls in a standardized position were made, and a computerized craniometric analysis of the position of 13 anatomic landmarks in an orthogonal coordinate system was performed. The data from the grafted skulls (12) were compared with those from the control series (20) and subjected to a multivariate analysis, according to Hotelling. Comparison of the grafted adult skulls with 20 unoperated controls and the animals with unrepaired artificial clefts revealed that introduction of rib-growth cartilage leads to an improvement with respect to the growth of the facial skeleton. The initial orientation of the graft in the cleft appeared to be important for its integration in the jaw.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Application of methods used in survival analysis to growth and nutritional studies.

Three statistical methods are described and illustrated with working examples. Using these methods it is possible to include all subjects involved in cross-sectional studies in calculations of results, even if the data are incomplete at the end of the investigation. The use of censored data is taken from survival analysis. It is shown that combination of the Kaplan-Meier estimate, the log-rank test and the proportional hazards model gives more satisfactory results in nutritional and growth studies.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1987

Regeneration in surgically produced cleft palate in rabbits. A microscopical study.

In order to study the effects of surgical procedures on the regeneration process in cleft palate, an artificial cleft was made in 4-weeks old female New Zealand rabbits. The 47 animals were divided into 5 groups: group 1: controls, group 2: cleft made in the bony palate, using a dental burr (phi 3 mm), group 3: cleft as in group 2, oral mucosa stitched, group 4: cleft made without perforating the nasal mucosa; oral mucosa stitched ("Veau"), group 5: cleft made as in group 4; before stitching the oral mucosa pieces of autologous rib bone were introduced into the cleft ("Schuchardt"). At the ages of 4, 5, 6, 8, 12, 18 and 24 weeks, one or two animals per group were sacrificed. The palatal region was microscopically studied using 10 mu paraffin sections stained according to Herovici. It was found that it is difficult to make a reproducible cleft on the histological level. A large interindividual variation in local damage due to the surgical procedure was observed; this might contribute to the variation in growth results of the facial skeleton reported in literature. Signs of excessive bone resorption were found. The presence of bone in places where sutural tissue should be present, observed in some growing animals, will contribute to reduction of palatal width, medial collapse of the palate and asymmetry of the facial skeleton. There appeared to be no striking differences between the three methods of repair, used in group 3, 4 and 5 respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Growth control of neurocranial height of the rat skull.

In the present study the skulls of 36 experimentally bipedal adult male rats are compared with those of 47 adult male control rats, with particular attention to the relation length, width and height respectively of the neurocranium to brain size. It was shown that, on average, the neurocranium of bipedal rats was reduced in length and increased in height, while its width was unchanged. With respect to brain size the 2 groups were similar. It is postulated that the increase of height might be considered as a compensation for the loss of space due to the decreased length. The neurocranial height is the dimension in which adaptation to the space demands of the brain is realised. These adaptations are, therefore, controlled by a local epigenetic factor, viz. brain size.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Correlations between measurements in preschool children living on a former island.

At the ages of 0.5 and 5 years correlation coefficients between measurements of the head and the whole body of children living on the former island of Marken have been calculated. The correlation coefficients between the size of the body and the size of the head are about 0.5; the correlation coefficients between the different dimensions of the head are low. The sex-differences at the age of 0.5 years suggest that the growth pattern of girls is less fixed than that of boys during the first years after birth. It is discussed whether this could be ascribed to the well known better adaptation of growth in girls than in boys or to the absence of harmful environmental conditions. No effect of inbreeding or endogamy could be demonstrated.

Age Factors↗