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Biomedical subjects

F MacDonald

Publications and source records attributed to F MacDonald.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Monoclonal antibody and cytological detection of free malignant cells in the peritoneal cavity during resection of colorectal cancer--can monoclonal antibodies do better?

Detection of free malignant cells in the peritoneal cavity following curative resections of colorectal cancer may explain why some patients develop local or peritoneal recurrence after favourable operations. We have examined the incidence of peritoneal malignant cells using standard cytological methods and by indirect immunoperoxidase staining using monoclonal antibodies (CEA L11/285/14 and HMFG 1 and 2) in 30 patients having resection for colorectal cancer. Peritoneal washings were collected on opening the peritoneal cavity and immediately prior to closing the abdominal wall following resection. Abnormal cells were only demonstrated in 10 patients. Cytology revealed abnormal cells in seven patients (three preresection and three postresection, one patient had pre- and postresection positive cytology). Monoclonal antibody staining revealed abnormal cells in seven patients (two preresection and four postresection, one patient had both pre- and postresection positive stains). Only two patients had identical results using cytology and antibody staining. Seven of these 10 patients had hepatic metastases. The correlation between the assessment of free malignant cells using cytology and monoclonal antibody staining is poor. Long-term follow-up is required to see if 'free cells' have prognostic significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Evaluation of immunolocalization in gastrointestinal cancer.

Tumor localization by a 131I-labeled monoclonal antibody to CEA has been evaluated in a series of 50 patients with clinically suspected primary or recurrent gastrointestinal cancer. Eighty-five percent of the primary tumors were correctly detected, as were 43% of associated nodal metastases. Localization was compared with computerized tomography in the detection of recurrent disease. Each technique correctly identified 61% of the sites but missed 39%. In addition, labeled antibody localization produced a significant number of false-positive images. Radioactivity accumulated by tumors, both primary and secondary, was significantly higher than that in surrounding normal tissue (P less than .01). However, less than 0.8% of the injected radioactivity and 0.01% of the injected antibody were detectable in the tumors. Radiolabeled antibody was rapidly cleared from the circulation, and this may reflect a recipient reaction to the foreign protein.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1986

Localisation of gastrointestinal cancer with a 131 I labelled monoclonal antibody to CEA.

The localisation of tumour deposits by a 131 I labelled monoclonal antibody to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) has been evaluated in 24 patients with primary gastric, oesophageal and colorectal cancer and in 26 patients with clinically suspected recurrent gastric and colorectal cancer. Seventeen of 20 primary sites and 6/15 associated secondary sites were correctly identified by external scanning. Measurement of radiolabelled antibody in the resected specimens demonstrated a 2.6-3.3 fold increase in comparison with the surrounding normal tissue (P less than 0.01). The antibody scans were compared with computerised tomography (CT) in the detection of recurrent disease. The respective sensitivities and specificities for the two investigations were 61% and 33% for antibody scanning and 64% and 100% for CT. Assessment of the distribution of labelled antibody demonstrated rapid clearance with less than 2% detectable in serum samples at 24 h. The implications of these findings together with the mechanisms of excretion are discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1981

Persistence of miconazole in vaginal secretions after single applications. Implications for the treatment of vaginal candidosis.

In vaginal secretions from 16 healthy women aged between 20 and 27 years miconazole persisted in biodetectable concentrations for at least 48 hours after insertion of a single miconazole vaginal pessary. This finding casts doubt on cure rates in vaginal candidosis determined soon after the end of treatment and suggests that current treatment courses with imidazole antifungal agents may be longer than their nominal three or five days.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Effect of propranolol on respiratory function and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.

Ten patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) (group 1) and five patients with combined COLD and cardiac disease (group 2) were studied at rest and during exercise after an intravenous (IV) slaine control followed by IV propranolol (0.2 mg/kg). During rest propranolol did not alter significantly measurements of lung volume in groups 1 or 2. Following propranolol the mean airway resistance (AR) in group 1 increased from 4.49 to 5.2 cm H2O/L/sec (P smaller than 0.02) and airway conductance (Gaw) decreased from 0.28 to 0.24 L/sec-1 cm. H2O1 (P smaller than 0.02). In group 2 following propranolol, the mean AR increased from 3.60 to 4.67 cm H2O1 (P smaller than 0.05), and Gaw decreased from 0.30 to 0.23 L/sec-1/cm H2O1 (P smaller than 0.05). During exercise, from control to propranolol, the heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and heart rate blood pressure (HR x BP) decreased significantly for both groups 1 and 2 except for the systolic pressure in group 2. The duration of exercise and exercising PO2 were not significantly altered from control to propranolol in groups 1 and 2, indicating that the small but statistically significant changes in AR and Gaw did not interfere with symptom tolerated maximal exercise in these patients and were therefore not clinically important.

Airway Resistance↗