Transplacental vitamin K prevents haemorrhagic disease of infant of epileptic mother.
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Anticonvulsants↗
Biomedical subjects
F Marchal
Publications and source records attributed to F Marchal.
Study of the sensitivity of neonates to digoxin: contribution of erythrocyte 86rubidium uptake test.
In general, there is little agreement how digoxin should be used in newborn, and the results of studies in this field seem contradictory. This study attempts a quantitative assessment of the number and the sensitivity of cellular receptors for digoxin in the organism, by the in vitro measurement of erythrocyte 86Rubidium uptake in neonates compared with adults and old people. Red blood cells are first incubated with differing concentrations of digoxin, and then incubated with 86Rb. The initial level of 86Rb uptake (Rbi) is that observed in the absence of digoxin. The 50% index of captation (IC50) is the digoxin concentration in nanograms per ml at which 86Rb uptake is half Rbi. Three groups of patients were studied: Group I: 12 neonates, less than 5 days old; Group II: 11 adults (26 to 57 years old); Group III: 9 elderly people (71 to 82 years old). Rbi was significantly lower in neonates (Mean +/- SD: 25.8% +/- 3.5, P less than 0.001) and in the elderly (29.9% +/- 3.1) than in adults (36.8% +/- 4.6). IC50 was significantly lower in the elderly (12.1 ng/ml +/- 2.4) than in the adult patients (20.5 ng/ml +/- 5.5, P less than 0.001). In the newborns, values of IC50 were widely scattered (16.2 ng/ml +/- 7.2). The authors suggest that since Rbi reflects Na+, K+-ATPase activity, this activity is diminished in newborn and old people, and indicates that they have fewer cellular receptors for digoxin than adults. In the elderly, the low IC50 would imply increased sensitivity to digoxin. In neonates, the wide range of values for IC50 suggests considerable individual variation in sensitivity to digoxin. The results are consistent with the recently recommended lower dosages of digoxin in neonates.
Adult↗
[Primary malignant tumour of the liver associated with the ingestion of oral contraceptives (author's transl)].
A 42-year-old woman, who had been taking oral contraceptives for 10 years, developed a primary carcinoma of the liver. The diagnosis was made by biopsy under laparoscopic control. Twenty one cases have already been reported in the literature. The aetiological role of contraceptives in the development of generally benign (approximately 200 published cases) and sometime malignant hepatic lesions, has not been definitely proven. The regression of certain benign tumours when contraceptives are stopped is the essential argument. In some patients, the association of benign lesions and of hepatic carcinoma suggests a single pathogenesis. The early recognition of such lesions justifies their being sought routinely in patients taking oral contraceptives (palpation of the liver, questioning concerning pain in the hepatic region). A national register will be required in order to determine their exact prevalence.
Adult↗
[Liver cell carcinoma associated with oral contraceptives (author's transl)].
A new case report of primary malignant hepatic tumor during a long term oral contraception is presented. A direct role of contraceptives drugs cannot be claimed because of little cases reported. Nevertheless, appearance of carcinogenic compounds in predisposed women may be evoked.
Adult↗
Social identity and the International Classification of Handicaps: an evaluation of the consequences of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the consequences of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSH MD) using two different but complementary procedures: an analysis based on the three different dimensions of disablement developed by the WHO--impairment, disability, and handicap--and a study of the psychological repercussions on social identity. Sixty-eight individuals with FSH MD, with 68 members of a control group, responded to a battery of psychosocial questions. Individuals with muscular dystrophy were also studied with reference to the dimensions of impairment, disability and handicap. The results showed that there are close correlations among measures of the three dimensions of disablement. Evaluations made by people with muscular dystrophy of the seriousness of their own disablement are strongly linked to objective measures of impairment. Furthermore, we found that having muscular dystrophy does have certain consequences for an individual's self-identity, although the degree to which one's self-image is validated is to some extent independent of the seriousness of the illness.
Activities of Daily Living↗
[Oculorespiratory reflex].
The lack of interest about oculorespiratory reflex (ORR) in surgery and experimental studies is obvious. However the authors insist on the importance of its clinical traduction. The purpose of this study is to determinate an experimental model with titration of stimulus (pressure or traction) and therapeutic test. Our first Results prove the clinic entity of O.R.R. In first conclusion, we can insist on the importance of ventilatory assistance during squint surgery and on the monitoring of PE CO2 and Sa O2.
Anesthetics, Local↗
[Sudden infant death syndrome: respiratory causes].
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) claims one in five hundred babies between 1 and 12 months of life. Since no cause of death is found at autopsy, SIDS has been and often remains a complete enigma for pediatricians, physiologists and forensic pathologists. However, there is growing evidence from careful epidemiologic, pathologic and physiologic studies that subtle changes occur in those babies for a variable period of time before death. Some of these data are reviewed and interpreted in the light of the sleep apnea-hypoventilation inducing chronic hypoxemia hypothesis. It appears that no single factor is characteristic of, or responsible for, SIDS; rather, a combination of different adverse circumstances occurring during a period of increased vulnerability may cause the fatal outcome in some infants. Some preventive aspects of SIDS in low birth weight babies, siblings of SIDS victims and near-miss SIDS are discussed.
Age Factors↗