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F Martín Luengo

Publications and source records attributed to F Martín Luengo.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Microbiological study via occluded telescopic catheter in patients under mechanical ventilation and suspected of pneumonia. Clinico-bacteriological follow up of the cases].

Pneumonias related to mechanical ventilation pose a serious diagnostic challenge and are responsible for elevated mortality. Conventional diagnostic methods are of little help. The introduction of invasive techniques such as bronchial catling via an occluded telescopic catheter (OTC) has proven to be an important advance in diagnosis and therapy. We have compared the bacteriological results obtained using OTC with those using conventional diagnostic methods such as tracheobronchial pumps (TBP) and hemocultures, and we have undertaken a bacteriological, clinical follow-up of the cases. Seventy-four patients under mechanical ventilation and suspected of pneumonia were under study. The study consisted to two consecutive phases of collecting bacteriological samples throughout the patient's evolution. A total of 121 fibrobronchoscopies were performed. The sensitivity obtained with OTC was 76%, and the specificity was 100%. The two techniques, OTC and TBP, coincided in 38% of the cases. According to the bacteriological results obtained with OTC, the antibiotic treatment was modified in 44.5% of the patients. The sensitivity of the OTC was significantly less in those patients were the last doses of antibiotic was administered within two hours of performing the procedure. The procedure of gathering secretions from the inferior respiratory tract with OTC possesses greater sensitivity and diagnostic specificity in patients with mechanical ventilation and pulmonary infiltrates and improves the diagnosis performed by other conventional and routine techniques such as TBA and hemocultures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Treatment with vancomycin of experimental endocarditis caused by Streptococcus sanguis II resistant to penicillin].

BACKGROUND: Streptococcus viridans continues to be the most frequent causal agent of infective endocarditis. Treatment has become more complicated due to the increase in resistance to penicillin and cephalosporins. In order to study the possible efficacy of vancomycin, this antibiotic was investigated in rabbits as a monotherapy and in association with gentamicin. The effects were compared with a control group and a group given classical penicillin-gentamicin treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, lethality curves and synergism were determined against Streptococcus sanguis II. Infective endocarditis was induced in 80 rabbits, which were infected via catheter. Treatment was started 48 hours after infection, and lasted 5 days. The animals were divided into 4 groups of 20 rabbits each: 1, untreated controls; 2, penicillin-gentamicin; 3, vancomycin; 4, vancomycin-gentamicin. Response to therapy was evaluated with mortality curves, negativization of blood cultures, concentration of Streptococcus sanguis II in aortic vegetations, rate of sterilization of vegetations, body weight and serum bactericidal capacity. RESULTS: Vegetations weight was significantly lower in treated groups than in controls; lower weights were found in groups 2 and 4. The lowest vegetation weight was recorded in group 4, the only treatment that sterilized 75% of vegetations. Death occurred only in the control group (10%). Negativization of blood cultures was greatest and most rapid in group 4. Serum bactericidal capacity was greater after the two combined treatments, and highest in group 4. CONCLUSIONS: Combined treatment with vancomycin-gentamicin may be highly efficacious in patients with endocarditis caused by penicillin-resistant Streptococcus viridans.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae in Spain. 2d study (1990)].

AIM: To study the resistance to strains of H. influenzae simultaneously isolated during 1990 in 10 Spanish cities with this being the second multicentric study carried out in Spain. METHODS: Three hundred eight strains of H. influenzae were consecutively isolated with less than 50% being from the respiratory tract. The sensitivity by microdilution in supplement Isosensitest was studied. RESULTS: Thirty-five percent of the strains were producers of beta-lactamase which predominate among those isolated in systemic infections and specially among those from Madrid (58.78%) and Barcelona (61.8%). The strains producing beta-lactamase were more resistant to all the antimicrobials than the non producers. Five point two percent of the strains were resistant to ampicillin by non enzymatic mechanisms. Resistance to chloramphenicol is frequent (28.6%) especially among strains producing beta-lactamase, strains of ocular origin and ORL (46%) and systemic infections (74.3%). The distribution is irregular, being more frequent in Seville (66.7%) and not detectable in Barcelona. Resistance to tetracycline is also usually linked to the production of beta-lactamase and not necessarily to that of chloramphenicol. Resistance to cotrimoxazole is the most frequent (67.5%) specially in Valladolid (87.5%). Resistance to cefaclor is of 60.7% being the most frequent among those isolated from ocular processes and ORL. Only 28 strains (9.1%) were sensitive to all the antimicrobials tested. Thirty-nine percent were multiresistant. CONCLUSIONS: The authors found a slight increase in the high resistance detected in 1986. This increase was not uniform in all of Spain being significant in Madrid with producers of beta-lactamase, in Seville to chloramphenicol, to tetracycline in Bilbao and cotrimoxazole in Valencia.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1992

[Serodiagnosis in pulmonary tuberculosis. Clinical evaluation].

The IgA, IgG, IgM and IgG subsets antibodies levels were determined in 200 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and compared to three control groups: 80 healthy individuals (50 with negative PPD skin test, 30 with positive PPD skin test), 30 leprosy patients and 20 patients with different pulmonary diseases. The technique used was an enzyme linked assay. As antigens, purified tuberculin and Ag60 from M. bovis were used. There were not statistically significant differences between antibody levels among all control groups studied, but when we compare the level in control groups with that observed in tuberculous patients, they showed higher levels of IgA, IgG, IgM, IgG2 (p less than 0.01) and IgG4 (p less than 0.05). A definite diagnosis of tuberculosis of the lung should only be established if the patient showed to be positive to IgG plus IgA or IgM and in special cases to IgG1, reaching then a diagnostic efficacy of 90% in a patient population with a 68% of positive smears for acid-fast bacilli.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1991

[Cerebral abscess in a general hospital. Analysis of 66 consecutive cases].

BACKGROUND: Analysis of the epidemiologic characteristics of cerebral abscesses and comparison with 2 therapeutic schedules. METHODS: The clinical history of 66 patients with cerebral abscesses admitted over 14 years in the Neurosurgical Ward of the Virgen de la Arrixaca Hospital in Murcia were reviewed. Two therapeutic groups were designed of 33 and 31 patients respectively treated with classical or modern schedules and clinical efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS: Infections in the ORL area, craneoencephalic trauma, and brain surgery were the predisposing factors in 63% of the cases. The most frequent symptoms were migraine, fever, and alteration of consciousness in 75, 68 and 68% respectively. The most frequent locations were the temporal (36%), parietal (26%) and frontal lobes (23%). Microbiological studies were positive in 75% of the patients with the most frequent microorganisms being group A Streptococcus, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus and anaerobes. Mortality was 14%. Twenty-two percent of the patients had neurological sequelae. The rate of mortality was significantly associated to age greater than 40 years, fatal underlying disease, coma, initial clinical criteria and inadequate antibiotic treatment. The combination of cephotaxime-metronidazole was significantly associated to greater cure in comparison with the classical antibiotic combination although no significant differences were found in either the rate of mortality or relapse. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of cephotaxime-metronidazole may constitute an interesting advance in the treatment of these processes. The epidemiological data obtained confirm those of larger series.

Abscess↗
PubMed1991

[Antimicrobial sensitivity of 402 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolated in 7 Spanish cities].

To study N. gonorrhoeae resistance in Spain. We evaluate 402 strains consecutively isolated in 7 Spanish cities (Barcelona, Bilbao, Madrid, Murcia, Seville, Valencia and Valladolid). The MIC to 9 antimicrobial agents was determined by agar-dilution (DST) method. We found a high incidence (15.7%) of penicillinase producer strains (NGPP). Most (53.3%) of all non-NGPP strains showed reduced sensitivity to penicillin and 1.5% of the strains had chromosomally mediated resistance. All NGPP strains and 90% of non-NGPP strains showed reduced sensitivity to tetracycline (MIC greater than 0.23 mg/l). We did not found any strain with high-level tetracycline resistance. MIC90 for the other drugs tested were: erythromycin, 0.125 mg/l; spectinomycin, 16 mg/l; cefoxitin, 2 mg/l; cefuroxime 0.06 mg/l; ceftriaxone 0.0037 mg/l; ofloxacin 0.06 mg/l and ciprofloxacin, 0.0018 mg/l. NGPP are very prevalent in Spain. Most of these strains had chromosomally mediated resistance to penicillin and tetracycline. We did not found resistance to other antimicrobial agents.

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1991

[Efficacy evaluation of cloxacillin and cloxacillin-gentamicin in an experimental model of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus].

23 rabbits with Staphylococcus aureus methicillin-sensitive, SAMS, experimentally induced endocarditis (EIE) were studied to compare the efficacy of cloxacillin vs the association cloxacillin-gentamicin. Twelve animals made the control group and 11 the treated ones, 5 with cloxacillin-gentamicin and 6 with cloxacillin. The animals were treated 3 days, then, mortality, blood cultures at 48 and 72 hours and the title of the unit-forming colonies per gram of vegetation (UFC/g) were evaluated. The control group had a mortality of 100% in the first 72 hours, its blood cultures were positive at 48 and 72 hours and the UFC/g was 10,48 o 0.20. There was statistical significance between the control group and both treatment, in mortality, blood culture's positivity and the UFC/g of vegetation. This results confirm the similar efficacy of cloxacillin either alone or in combination in the treatment of SAMSIE and the effectiveness of the experimental model to evaluate antimicrobial treatments.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Relation between isolation of bacteriophages from Clostridium difficile and cytotoxicity of the strains].

We studied the possible relationship between the presence of bacteriophages and cytotoxicity of Clostridium difficile strains from multiple origin. A total of 143 strains were studied, 38.46% showed lysogenic activity to at least one of control strains and 85.3% produces cytopathic effects on McCoy cells, that were neutralized by C. sordellii antitoxin. All bacteriophages seen on electron microscopy showed similar shape and size (hexagonal head shape and flexible tail ended in a basal plate). According to our results, a significant relationship between those two factors seems not to exist.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Antibodies studied by the ELISA technique in 60 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Clinico-immunological correlation].

The levels of IgG and IgM antibodies were evaluated in 60 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, who were compared with a group of 30 tuberculin-negative healthy controls and another group of 10 healthy tuberculin-positive individuals. The technique for the quantification of antibodies against M. tuberculosis was an enzyme immunoassay, using purified tuberculin as antigen. The mean (means) IgG and IgM values and their standard deviations (SD), expressed in optical density units, were as follows: for the tuberculin-negative control group: IgG 0.029 +/- 0.013, IgM 0.032 +/- 0.010; for the tuberculin-positive control group: IgG 0.023 +/- 0.007, IgM 0.033 +/- 0.012; and for the group of patients: IgG 0.054 +/- 0.016, IgM 0.051 +/- 0.017. Fifty per cent of patients (30) were positive for IgG, 46.6% (28) were positive for IgM and 28.3% (17) were positive for both immunoglobulins. Those values higher than the mean of control group plus two SD were considered as positive. In the group of tuberculous patients a significant increase of IgG was observed, which was more marked after two weeks of antituberculous chemotherapy in patients with prolonged course. There appears to be a good correlation between the levels of immunoglobulins and the clinical status.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1990

[Comparative study of 2 rapid techniques (DNA hybridization and chromatography) for the identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolated from clinical specimens].

We have compared the capacity of two combined chromatographic methods (gas chromatography and thin-layer chromatography) and a nucleic acid hybridization probe (Gen-Probe) to identify members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The results of a single test show 6% of false-negatives with Gen-Probe and 8.5% doubtfuls with chromatography. After repeated, the specificity of both methods was improved to 100%. The advantages and disadvantages of the two methods in relation to its capacity to provide a rapid identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are discussed.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1989

A rational proposal for plasmid nomenclature.

We propose a more rational system for nomenclature of wild plasmids of bacteria. With this proposal for nomenclature of bacterial plasmids, it is established in an unambiguous way: 1) if a plasmid is wild or derivative, and 2) in which species and bacterial strain it was found (in the case of wild plasmids).

Plasmids↗
PubMed1979

[Pulmonary nocardiosis. A case report (author's transl)].

Within the genus Nocardia three species are at present considered to have human pathologic interest: N. asteroides, N. brasiliensis, and N. caviae. These species are usually the etiologic agents of at least two clinical pictures: nocardiosis and actinomycetoma. A case of pulmonar nocardiosis in a 62-year-old male is reported. The patient had asthmatic episodes and on several occasions received treatment with corticoids. The clinical picture basically consisted of an impairment of the general condition with respiratory symptomatology and fever of 38 to 39 degrees C. An opaque pleuropulmonary image was observed on the chest X-ray film, and the diagnosis of tuberculosis was initially established. The correct diagnosis was confirmed through the bacteriological examination of the transtracheal aspirate with the isolation of N. asteroides. Treatment with streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim achieved the clinical and roentgenologic cure of the patient. After 2 months of treatment the clinical manifestations had disappeared and after 5 months the chest X-ray was normal. Some epidemiologic data are reviewed.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

[Sensivity of Mycobacterium kansaii and Mycobacterium marinum to different antituberculous drugs (author's transl)].

Mycobacteriosis includes clinical manifestations caused by especies of the genus Mycobacterium other than M. tuberculosis and M. bovis. Therapy for these conditions has not been clearly sistematized as it has for tuberculosis, particularly because of the natural resistance that the etiologic agents present to a large number of antituberculous drugs. The sensitivity of M. kansasii and M. marinum to eleven tuberculostatic agents was studied in order to determine which one were best suited for treatment of cases caused by these species. The drugs showing the strongest action against M. kansasii were rifampin, cycloserine, streptomycin, and prothionamide. M. marinum was even more sensitive except to isoniazid, which is ineffective. As a general rule, especially if the sensitivity of the isolated strain is unknown drugs with little or no action on M. kansasii and M. marinum should not be used. Particularly the use of isoniazid and PAS should be avoided.

Antitubercular Agents↗