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Biomedical subjects

F Mauro

Publications and source records attributed to F Mauro.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effect of bleomycin on mouse haemopoietic colony forming cells in culture (CFUc).

The kinetics of CFUc studied by hydroxyurea and endotoxin treatments indicate that this cell population is proliferating actively (some 50% in S-phase). This fact implies a peculiar response to (BLM) treatment with Bleomycin, a drug which appears to be proliferation-dependent. The dose-response has a steep initial slope resulting in a low extrapolation number (n = 0.66; D37 = 960 +/- 70 mg BLM/kg body weight). The steep initial slope is confirmed by split-dose experiments resulting in a potentiation effect by fractionation. Further evidence for the dependence of the action of this drug upon the proliferative state of the cell population is derived from time-response studies after single doses of BLM.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A critical appraisal of the usefulness of some biological parameters in predicting tumour radiation response of human head and neck cancer.

Tumour stage is considered to be a valuable prognostic parameter. However, in our experience with head and neck tumours, previous reduction of the tumour stage and/or size by chemotherapy does not affect the response to radiotherapy. Furthermore, we have found no clear correlation between response to treatment and kinetic parameters such as growth rate, generation time, growth fraction and cell loss. Recently, using cytometric analysis of biopsies, we concluded that the presence in the tumour of a single dividing "diploid" population vs subpopulations with more than one "ploidy" and different growth characteristics has little predictive value. At present, the possibility of selecting radioresistant tumours for a particular modality of treatment can only rely on empirical grounds. Holstsi et al. (1978) have proposed the use of (an) initial large fractional radiation dose(s) in tan attempt to exploit the possible increase in cell killing and/or reoxygenation. Following this approach, 34 patients with advanced or recurrent tumours have been irradiated with an initial single dose of 8-10 Gy. After 10 days of rest, the tumour shrinkage was estimated and the tumours classified as responders or nonresponders. When the patients underwent the remaining part of treatment according to a conventional fractionation, 2/3 to 3/4 of the responders exhibited a complete tumour shrinkage while none of the nonresponders exhibited a complete response. We feel that this approach could be an interim method of empirically identifying radioresistant tumours.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Enhanced effectiveness of adriamycin and bleomycin combined with local hyperthermia in neck node metastases from head and neck cancers.

The results of this study concern the comparison of the clinical effects of adriamycin (ADM) or bleomycin (BLM) alone and combined with local hyperthermia on 15 patients with multiple (29) neck node metastases from head and neck cancers. With repeated low fractional daily doses of drug a significant though transient tumor regression was obtained in 2/8 and in 3/6 of the lesions treated with ADM or BLM alone, respectively. When the drugs were combined with 42-43 degrees C hyperthermia, an overall response, either complete or partial, was seen in all the lesions. Complete regression was observed in 38% (3/8) and 43% (3/7) of the lesions treated with ADM or BLM, respectively, combined with heat. At a 4-month follow-up, 33% (2/6) and 40% (2/5) of the same groups of lesions remained still undetectable. These results suggest that the combined treatment of drugs and local hyperthermia can be advantageously employed in clinical practice for treating local tumors, especially recurrences in previously irradiated areas.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1975

Effects of bleomycin on mouse bone-marrow stem cells.

The mouse hematopoietic stem-cell population was tested by the spleen colony technique for effects of the antineoplastic agent bleomycin (BLM). The time response of normal bone marrow was investigated by a single dose of BLM (400 mg/kg) between 0 and 72 hours. The dose response was studied over a wide range of doses (from 40 to 1,600 mg/kg) at a 4-hour exposure. Additional experiments concerned 1) the fraction of colony-forming units in the S phase after BLM administration (by means of pulse hydroxyurea treatment), 2) the response of bone marrow stimulated by endotoxin, and 3) the effects of split-dose treatments. The relatively low toxicity of BLM on both the differentiated and stem-cell populations of unstimulated bone marrow was confirmed and detailed. This drug exhibited peculiar, proliferation-dependent cell inactivation kinetics. Furthermore, BLM induced parasynchronous behavior in the unstimulated stem-cell population. The various aspects of BLM action are discussed with regard to its use in cancer chemotherapy.

Animals↗