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Biomedical subjects

F Mettler

Publications and source records attributed to F Mettler.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[The recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) for high-dose-rate brachytherapy and for permanent prostatic implants].

ICRP (International Commission for Radiological Protection) Committee 3 ("Radioprotection in medicine") is currently finalizing two recommendations about Brachytherapy. The first text, from Task Group (TG) 53, is focussing on the prevention of high-dose-rate brachytherapy accidents. It reminds the reader of the 500 accidents/incidents which have been reported so far in the literature, and reports in details on some representative accidents. Building on those data, the text gives general and specific recommendations, aiming at reducing both the frequency and the severity of those accidents. The second text, from Task Group 57, considers the radiation safety aspects of brachytherapy for prostate cancer using permanently implanted sources. For this topic, no severe accident has never been reported so far. However, some radioprotection problems arose, due to the dose received from the patients, to migrating seeds and to cremation. The text presents recommendations specifically addressing those issues.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Experimental field trial with an immunostimulating complex (ISCOM) vaccine against contagious bovine pleuropneumonia.

The experimental field trial with an immunostimulating complex (ISCOM) vaccine has been an occasion to explore the role of a Th1 response in the pathogenesis caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides small colony (MmmSC) and in immune protection. The ISCOM complex is known to promote Th1 response. Antibodies to MmmSC were detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the vaccinated cattle, although the levels were lower than in a previous study. No antibodies were detected by complement fixation test (CF). After the challenge infection, vaccinated animals developed CF antibody response. They showed significantly reduced mortality compared with controls. However, gross pathological and histopathological score for vaccinated animals was as high as for the non-vaccinated, characterized by a high inflammatory reaction with histopathology dominated by interlobular pneumonia with vasculitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Prolactin lowering activity of the retinoid Ro 14-9706 affecting lactation and pup survival.

The arotinoid Ro 14-9706, though devoid of any teratogenic potential, was found to reduce dose dependently the survival of pups when their mothers were treated with toxic doses during days 6-15 of gestation. The increased mortality was primarily seen during early lactation. When pups derived from treated mothers were nursed by control foster mothers unexposed to the drug, their survival was significantly improved indicating that the increased mortality was not solely due to fetal drug exposure. When pups derived from untreated mothers were fostered by dams that were exposed to the arotinoid during pregnancy, a significant pup mortality (p < 0.01) was observed, suggesting that the nursing behaviour of lactating dams was seriously affected. This impairment could be linked to a prolactin-suppressive activity of the arotinoid during lactation which was also seen during pregnancy. Other pituitary hormones, however, were not affected by the compound. Although the drug induced pronounced structural alterations in mitochondria of adrenocortical cells, visualized by light microscopy as extended vacuolization in the zona fasciculata and reticularis, this pathological finding did not translate into functional impairment of steroidogenesis. Thus, the arotinoid Ro 14-9706 exhibits in rats a prolactin-suppressive activity which affects lactation and subsequently pup survival. This particular endocrinological interference is a new phenomenon and uncommon for retinoids.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1990

The effect of virus particle size on chemiluminescence induction by influenza and Sendai viruses in mouse spleen cells.

Suspensions of orthomyxo- and paramyxoviruses are composed of pleomorphic particles ranging from large filaments to small spheres. Influenza and Sendai viruses were separated according to size by gel filtration and the induction of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) by particles of similar size was studied in suspensions of mouse spleen cells known to contain phagocytes. CL reflects the generation by the cells of reactive oxygen species. CL induction decreased with particle size for both viruses. Compared with small spheres, large influenza filaments were approximately 10 times as efficient in activating cellular light emission while the ratio between large and small Sendai viruses was 3:1. Small Sendai virus particles were also less efficient in lysing red cells and had lower neuraminidase activity. By contrast, with influenza virus, only neuraminidase and not the hemolytic activity decreased with the virus size. When influenza virus filaments were broken into smaller particles by sonication, the capacity to induce chemiluminescence dropped markedly while the hemolytic and hemagglutinating activities increased and neuraminidase activity remained unaltered. These results suggest that the presentation of influenza virus hemagglutinin and neuraminidase glycoproteins in a large particle, leading to extensive receptor crosslinking, may be an important factor in the efficient activation of CL by filamentous influenza virus. We suggest that radical generation as reflected in cellular CL may relate to the toxic in vivo effects that contribute to the pathogenesis of influenza and infections with paramyxoviruses.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Eosinophilic granulomatous pneumonia in a dog.

An eosinophilic granulomatous pneumonia is described in a German shepherd dog. On thoracic radiographs and at post mortem examination disseminated pulmonary tumour-like nodules had been seen. Histologically the nodules consisted of macrophages, eosinophils, plasma cells and occasionally giant cells. In plasma cells and macrophages, large amounts of immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M could be demonstrated. An aetiology could not be determined, but vasculitis and cytology made an allergic reaction of type 1 and, or, type 3 most likely. The classification of pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia (PIE-syndrome) is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Malignant thymoma in a cat.

A malignant spindle cell thymoma in a 14-year-old cat is described. The tumour showed mucoid differentiation and multiple lung metastases.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Clear cell thymoma in a dog.

The light and electron microscopical structure of an invasive clear cell thymoma in a 10-year-old female German shepherd suffering from myasthenia gravis is described.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A computerized data base system for medical diagnostic studies (Diastu).

A computerized database system (DIASTU) has been developed for the storage and selective retrieval of the results of medical diagnostic studies. The system is being used to analyze the disease process and the efficacy and yield of selected diagnostic studies. The system runs on a DEC PDP-11/60 computer. It consists of three FORTRAN IV programs linked to a general-purpose assembly language database handler. One program, DSENT, interactively modifies the information in the database. The second, DSLIST, prints all or portions of the database. The third program, DSTAT, interactively assembles the parameters for selective searches of the database and executes them. A query language is used that allows the use of time and size specifications and Boolean operators in nested loops.

Computers↗