PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Minvielle

Publications and source records attributed to F Minvielle.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Long-term egg production and heterosis in quail lines after within-line or reciprocal recurrent selection for high early egg production.

1. Four Japanese quail lines were developed using 13 generations of reciprocal recurrent (lines AA and BB) or within-line selection (lines DD and EE) for high egg number until 98 d of age. In these lines and their reciprocal crosses, egg production, egg weight and mortality were monitored for up to 21 months to evaluate the impact of selection method and line origin on long-term production and heterosis. 2. Both hen-housed total egg number (EN) and hen-day egg laying rate (ELR) were consistently lower in recurrent lines than in lines under within-line selection: after 13 months of test, the difference was -47.1 eggs for EN and -20% for ELR%, whereas mortality was similar at around 20%. 3. Line EE was the best pure line for early egg production (55.2 eggs at 98 d of age) and also gave eggs which were consistently about 2 g larger than those from line DD but it had the highest overall mortality (78.5%) of all lines. On average, line DD laid 399 eggs (EN) over the whole experiment, 84 more than Line EE. 4. Crossbreds from the 2 types of pure lines and line DD had similar patterns and rates of egg production during the whole experiment, as indicated by the similarity of the curves adjusted for those lines by using the monomolecular model for EN and the modified compartmental model for ELR. 5. However, heterosis was higher from recurrent selection lines and it increased more with time than did heterosis from within-line selection lines.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Metastasis in pulmonary arteries].

We report two cases of pulmonary tumor emboli. The first patient had a chondroblastic osteosarcoma of the pelvis while the second patient had a seminoma. The possibility of tumor emboli should be entertained in patients with prior history of malignancy presenting with enlargement of the pulmonary arteries and thrombus enhancement on delayed scans.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Associated effects of the roux plumage color mutation on growth, carcass traits, egg production, and reproduction of Japanese quail.

After two generations of introgression of the sex-linked recessive roux color mutation into a commercial broiler Japanese quail line with wild-type plumage, growth, carcass, egg laying, and reproduction of birds were evaluated and compared for all types of birds produced (considering sex, line, and plumage). Usual sex differences were obtained for BW, with larger values in females and 5% sexual dimorphism. Weights were larger also in the pure commercial line, which had a higher hatching rate (HR) than the introgressed birds at 17 to 19 wk of age. Roux plumage was significantly associated with 3% lower BW and 30% less abdominal fat (AF) pad. Egg production was not influenced by the roux mutation, but egg weight (EW) was 2% lower. Characteristics associated with the roux gene are similar to those reported for the albino mutation, except for AF, which was not tested in albino quail. The similarity of the pleiotropic effects might result from some modification that the two mutations induce in an early step of a metabolic pathway involved both in coloration and in growth. From a practical breeding standpoint, the roux gene appears to be a interesting candidate gene for auto-sexing in quail production.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Patterns of growth and feed intake in divergent lines of laying domestic fowl selected for residual feed consumption.

At Generations 15 (males) and 18 (females) of a divergent selection experiment on residual feed consumption (RFC) in laying poultry, patterns of growth, feed consumption, and associated traits were monitored between the ages of 4 and 34 wk. This monitoring was done to determine how the well-established RFC and feed intake (FI) divergences between adults of the low intake R- line and of the high intake R+ line took place, in relation to the evolution of correlated traits. In males and females, BW and BW gain were higher in the R- line in the first weeks of test, but patterns of BW were quite similar in both lines afterwards. However, R- hens remained heavier than R+ females to the end of the experiment. Line difference for BW was achieved by 28 wk of age, at 2,974 and 2,094 g, and the R- line was then 135 and 133 g heavier, respectively, for males and females. After a fast initial increase in both sexes, FI diverged quickly around 16 to 18 wk of age (sexual maturity), to attain 13 g/d in males and 28 g/d in females, well before the end of the experiment. At the same time, a divergence was observed for wattle length, which was 21% higher in R+ females. Residual feed consumption gradually diverged in the two lines, and the difference became significant at 14 wk of age. At the same age, shanks were 8% longer in R+ hens. Finally, levels of triiodothyronine decreased faster in the R- line, as FI divergence was increasing. These results indicate that the RFC difference between R- and R+, lines obtained in adult birds by divergent selection lines, starts somewhat early in life. In addition, the RFC difference appears to be associated with specific growth periods, around 14 wk and 18 to 20 wk. It is at this time that large differences appear in morphological traits involved in body heat loss. No significant correlations were found between early (6 wk) measures of FI, feed efficiency, and RFC, with adult values (32 to 34 wk) for RFC and FI.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Retinal TUNEL-positive cells and high glutamate levels in vitreous humor of mutant quail with a glaucoma-like disorder.

PURPOSE: To investigate whether retinal cell death observed in an avian glaucoma-like disorder occurs by apoptosis and whether an increase in excitotoxic amino acid concentration in the vitreous humor is associated temporally with cell death in the retina. METHODS: Presumptive retinal apoptotic nuclei were identified by histochemical detection of DNA fragmentation (by TdT-dUTP terminal nick-end labeling [TUNEL]), and vitreal concentrations of glutamate and several other amino acids were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection in the al mutant quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in which a glaucoma-like disorder develops spontaneously. RESULTS: TUNEL-labeled nuclei were located mostly in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) in the retina of mutant quails 3 months after hatching. However, labeled nuclei were also observed in the inner and outer nuclear layers. At 7 months, most TUNEL-positive nuclei were detected in the inner nuclear layer, whereas labeled cells in the GCL were reduced in number. No TUNEL-labeled nuclei were detected in the retina of control quails at any age. Vitreal concentrations of glutamate and aspartate were significantly increased in 1-month-old mutant quails compared with control animals. Concentrations decreased at 3 months, and no significant differences were observed between strains at 7 months. CONCLUSIONS: Presumptive apoptotic cell death is detected from 3 months after hatching in mutant quails and is not restricted to retinal ganglion cells. Cell death appears just after a significant increase in excitotoxic amino acid concentrations in the vitreous humor, suggesting a correlation between both events.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1997

Associated effects of divergent selection for residual feed consumption on reproduction, sperm characteristics, and mitochondria of spermatozoa.

Eighteen generations of divergent selection for residual feed intake have been completed in two Rhode Island Red lines of domestic fowl. The high intake R+ line and the low intake R- line cocks used to sire Generation 19 of the selection experiment have been compared for associated responses on fertility, hatching, and sperm quality. Evaluations of sperm samples were based on volume, cell concentration, biochemical parameters (pH, uric acid and protein concentrations), and motility and morphology of spermatozoa. Finally, individual spermatozoa were analyzed by flow-cytometry (FCM) using Rhodamine 123 (Rh123) and nonyl-acrydine-orange (NAO) specific fluorochromes to assess, respectively, overall mitochondrial activity and overall mitochondrial content. Hatchability of incubated eggs was 20 points higher for the R- line, mainly because unfertilized eggs were only 6 vs 30% in the R+ line. Early embryo mortality was also twice as high in the R+ line (21%). The ratio of Rh123 to NAO fluorescence was identical for both lines. This result suggests that there was no difference in the energy producing potential of the individual mitochondria. Therefore, the difference seen for both dyes between the two lines might be attributed to a difference in the quantity of mitochondrial inner membranes present in the cell (with 17% less for the R+ line). In the R+ line, the poor performance at fertilization and during early embryonic development was associated with lower production of motile spermatozoa, possibly in relation to a lower quantity of mitochondria in spermatozoa from R+ cocks. Although the female contribution to the differences between lines was not explored separately, results suggest that selection for residual feed intake may have altered some cellular function related to the production of energy in the R+ line.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1996

Heterosis in egg-laying lines under divergent selection for residual feed consumption.

Two lines selected since 1976 for high (R+) or low (R-) residual feed consumption (RFC) from a common genetic base were compared with one another and with their F1 reciprocal crosses for traits of egg production and quality, for morphological traits, body weights, and feed consumption. Heterosis was 11, -2.5, 8, and 2%, respectively, for egg number, age at first egg, egg laying rate, and egg weight, with marked differences between reciprocal crosses for all those traits but egg number. Heterosis for wattle length and shank length was 3.8 and 1.3%, respectively, essentially because R+ x R- crossbreds, with larger mean values, resembled the R+ line for those traits, which may therefore be associated with the presence of genes linked to the Z chromosomes. On the other hand, heterosis for RFC (-3.6%) originated from similar crossbred advantage in both reciprocal crosses, thereby suggesting that RFC is not determined by sex-linked genes.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Changes in retinal dopaminergic cells and dopamine rhythmic metabolism during the development of a glaucoma-like disorder in quails.

PURPOSE: To examine the possible correlation between a dysfunction of the daily rhythm of retinal dopamine (DA) and the development of a glaucoma-like disorder in an animal model, the al mutant quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). METHODS: The morphology and density of DA-containing cells labeled immunohistochemically with an anti-tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) antibody were correlated with the diurnal and nocturnal contents of DA and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. RESULTS: The number of TH-immunoreactive cells was lower than normal in mutant quails suffering from the disorder. There were considerably fewer cells in the central retina, and the DA metabolism was reduced in parallel. The nocturnal DA content was lower than the diurnal level in normal quails, but there was no such circadian fluctuation in mutant quails. CONCLUSIONS: This glaucoma-like disorder in quails is correlated with the degeneration of DA-containing amacrine cells and a dysfunction of the circadian rhythmicity of DA synthesis.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1995

Divergent selection for residual food intake in Rhode Island red egg-laying lines: gross carcase composition, carcase adiposity and lipid contents of tissues.

1. A sample of 48 hens and cockerels from generation 17 of a divergent selection experiment on residual food intake was examined to determine whether the large food intake differences between those lines were associated with differences of body composition. 2. Adiposity and lipid contents of various parts of the carcase were higher in the low residual food intake line than in the high residual food intake line, both in males and females, with the cockerels of the high residual food intake line markedly lean. 3. On an equal weight basis obtained by linear correction for body weight differences, males had heavier thigh, drumstick and bones, but less adipose tissue and smaller amounts of lipids in the liver, meat, skin and abdominal adipose tissue than females.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1994

Heterosis in normal versus dwarf laying hens.

The effect of genotype at the sex-linked dwarf locus on heterosis in crosses between a White Leghorn and a brown egg line for body weight, egg production, and related traits was studied. Heterozygous Dw/dw males were used to produce normal and dwarf pullets in each of the pure lines and their reciprocal crosses (eight genotype-line combinations). There were 54 pullets per combination. Line differences were significant for shank length, body weights at 8, 17, and 52 wk, age at first egg, egg number, clutch length, rate of lay, and egg weight. Heterosis was observed for all of these traits. Body weight as a covariate was not important in analyses of egg number, clutch length, and egg weight. The egg production reduction associated with the dw gene in pure lines was smaller in F1 hens. This discovery may be adequate to warrant use of dwarf crossbred hens for egg production.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Retinal distribution of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive cells in two strains of quails Coturnix coturnix japonica.

We have compared the distribution of tyrosine-hydroxylase immunoreactive (TH-I) somata in the retina of two strains of japanese quails, one normally pigmented and one hypopigmented mutant which develops a glaucoma, three months after their hatching. TH-I cells were observed among amacrine and presumptive interplexiform cells in both strains. They were distributed in areas of decreasing densities from an area centralis, located in the central upper retina to the retinal periphery. We have arbitrarilly grouped them in four classes of different densities: A class with 41 cells/mm2 and more, B class (from 31 to 40 c/mm2), C class (from 21 to 30 c/mm2) and D class (20 c/mm2 and less) and drawn isodensity lines. The comparison of cell mean density in each zone showed no major differences between the strains. Conversely, the comparison of the relative retinal surface occupied by each zone demonstrated a significant variation of C and D zones which appeared to be counterbalanced: the C zone being larger and the D zone smaller in pigmented quails compared with mutant quails. The possible involvement of such a TH-I cell distribution and consequently of the dopaminergic system in the development of glaucoma is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Computer simulation model of swine production systems: I. Modeling the growth of young pigs.

Theoretical concepts and relationships were used to develop a deterministic pig growth model. The model predicts, in a continuous form, growth and body composition of boars, barrows, and gilts according to genotype, diet, and management conditions. The model is aggregated at the whole-animal level with three main elements of body composition; total body DNA, total body protein mass (PT), and total body mass of lipids, with PT determining the secondary elements of ash and moisture. The primary factors regulating growth were associated with cellular hyperplasia and hypertrophy in agreement with the basic concepts described by Baldwin and Black (1979). Differential equations representing DNA accretion and protein synthesis and degradation were adapted from Oltjen et al. (1985). Normal pig protein growth was characterized from published data. Body PT was used to reflect several metabolic activities related to animal size and age, as in some prior models. Dietary energy and protein were used in sequence until requirements are satisfied, first for maintenance, then for protein growth, and finally for fat deposition. A comparison between experimental and simulated results illustrates that the model may simulate growth and body composition of young pigs adequately.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Computer simulation model of swine production systems: II. Modeling body composition and weight of female pigs, fetal development, milk production, and growth of suckling pigs.

Theoretical concepts and relationships used to develop a deterministic computer simulation model of female pigs during their reproductive life are described. The model predicts, in a continuous form, body composition and weight of female pigs, fetal development, sow milk yield, and growth of suckling pigs according to genotype, diet, and management conditions. The model simulates growth of adult female pigs. Dietary nutrients are used first for maintenance and second for fetal growth or milk production. Any surplus is retained in the body. Energy and protein body reserves are mobilized when a nutrient deficit occurs during gestation or lactation. However, the rates of body protein and fat accretion as well as the fat/protein ratio are limited by boundaries, the values of which depend on the nutritional and physiological status of the pig. The model's ability to simulate sow body weight changes and composition, fetal growth, milk production, and suckling pig's growth is illustrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Computer simulation model of swine production systems: III. A dynamic herd simulation model including reproduction.

A dynamic herd simulation model for a swine production unit has been developed. The model is discrete and stochastic and the appropriate random distributions have been defined from the literature or empirically estimated. Theoretical concepts and relationships presented previously are used to simulate growth and the overall life cycle of individual animals. Simulated animals are young pigs (from birth to slaughter age), gilts, and sows. Animal events are farrowing, weaning, mating, end-nursery (transfer from nursery to the growing-finishing facility), and slaughter and are processed individually using a next-event scheduling orientation package. Animals within the herd are culled for different health and reproductive reasons. Genetic parameters, diet composition, and herd management are input variables chosen by the user. The effects of nutrition, genetics, season, and other factors on several reproductive parameters are considered. Model evaluation is performed by studying the output of the model under specified herd situations. The herd model adequately simulates animal flow and dynamics of the herd.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1991

[Diagnostic value of pulsed Doppler in atheromatous renal insufficiency. A study of 32 patients].

RATIONALE: atheromatous stenosis of both renal arteries, or of the artery of a functionally solitary kidney is a frequent cause of renal failure in the elderly. Atheromatous Ischemic Renal Insufficiency (AIRI) can be ameliorated by surgery or angioplasty. However, such procedures can be hazardous in a patient with extensive aortic atheromatous plaques. This justified a study of the validity of Pulsed Doppler (PD), a diagnostic procedure less invasive than renal angiography in AIRI. OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the diagnostic interest of PD in AIRI, using renal angiography as a criterion of adequacy. METHODS: renal arteries PD (Ultramak-4, 3.5 and 5 Mhz probes) followed by renal angiography (Seldinger). "Significant" stenosis = 50% on angiography. "Positive" PD = turbulences and/or acceleration. PATIENTS: 32 patients were investigated for suspected AIRI on the grounds of 1) age greater than 50; 2) atheromatous background and 3) renal insufficiency with no other evident etiology, or rapidly declining GFR in such a patient treated with ACE inhibitors. RESULTS: 16/32 angiographies disclosed significant stenosis of at least 1 renal artery. 56 renal arteries were investigated with both angio. and PD. Prevalence of stenoses was 16/56. PD had 93.7% sensitivity and 55% specificity. Positive predictive value was 45.5% and negative predictive value was 95.7%. Specificity was 80% when PD disclosed acceleration. CONCLUSIONS: negative PD is sufficient argument to reconsider the indication of renal angiography in a high risk pt with suspected AIRI.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Follicular dynamics and dominance in Booroola x Finnish Landrace and Booroola x Suffolk ewes heterozygous for the F gene.

To study the influence of the F gene on follicular dynamics and dominance, 2-year-old Booroola x Finnish Landrace (BFL, N = 17) and Booroola x Suffolk (BS, N = 18) ewes were compared with contemporary purebred Finn (FL, N = 18) and Suffolk (S, N = 18) ewes. In Exp. 1, oestrous cycles of ewes were synchronized during the breeding season with progestagen-impregnated sponges. At sponge removal (Day 0), 14 days after insertion, ewes of each of the 4 genetic groups were assigned to Group 1 in which all follicles visible on both ovaries were destroyed by electrocauterization except for the largest (F1) which was marked, Group 2 in which all visible follicles on both ovaries were destroyed, or Group 3 in which the 3 largest follicles of both ovaries were identified as F1, F2 and F3 and marked. At 48 h after treatment (Day 2), follicular growth was evaluated. At Day 0, the mean number of small follicles (1-3 mm) was higher (P less than 0.05) for BS, S and BFL (35.8, 35.1 and 32.9) than FL (24.9) ewes. Large follicles (greater than or equal to 4 mm) were more numerous (P less than 0.05) in FL (3.5) than in BS (2.1) ewes, BFL and S ewes being intermediate. Diameter of the F1 follicle was larger (P less than 0.05) for S (7.6 mm) than FL, BS and BFL (5.8, 5.1 and 5.1 mm) ewes. In Group 1, all F1 follicles marked at Day 0 ovulated at oestrus after sponge removal for BFL, BS and S ewes while in FL ewes, 2 of 6 F1 follicles regressed. In ewes ovulating, only the F1 follicle ovulated except for one S ewe which shed one more ovum. In Group 2, there were no follicles greater than or equal to 4 mm at Day 2 and no ewes ovulated after treatment. In Group 3, the proportion of marked follicles that ovulated was higher for S ewes than in those of the prolific genotypes. The number of follicles not marked at Day 0 but ovulating (compared to the total number of ovulations) was higher in BFL, BS and FL (8/11, 9/13 and 9/13) than S (3/10) ewes. In Exp. 2, prolific (BFL + BS) and non-prolific (S) ewes were compared following destruction of follicles greater than or equal to 3 mm with the F1 left intact (Treatment 1) or destroyed (Treatment 2), 12 days after sponge insertion.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗