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Biomedical subjects

F Mogensen

Publications and source records attributed to F Mogensen.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Critical thinking: a central element in developing action competence in health and environmental education.

In the field of educational philosophy, health and environmental education share many common goals and challenges on the level of curriculum theorizing as well as the level of pedagogical practice. One of these challenges is to develop a radical philosophy of education which is critical and takes a controversial point of departure rather than the one of accommodation. It highlights, in other words, the socially critical role of education. From this point of view some key concepts are discussed in the paper in relation to health and environmental education: democracy as means and end, critical thinking, the critical orientation, and the action perspective. One of these concepts, critical thinking, is elaborated in particular as it is considered to be essential to pupils' development of action competence. A description is given how it can be seen from four perspectives: the epistemological, the transformative, the dialectical and the holistic.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Concentrations of thiopentone in mature breast milk and colostrum following an induction dose.

In two groups of eight patients, concentrations of thiopentone in mature breast milk and colostrum following anaesthesia induction with 5.4 and 5.0 mg kg-1 b.w. (mean), respectively, were measured in the first 36 h postoperatively. Blood concentrations were measured simultaneously. The maximal concentrations were: in mature breast milk, 3.4 +/- 0.68 mumol l-1 (mean +/- s.e. mean) (0.090 mg 100 ml-1), and in colostrum, 1.3 +/- 0.5 mumol l-1 (0.034 mg 100 ml-1). The milk/plasma ratio was less than 1.0 in both groups. The above concentrations may be regarded as negligible and therefore non-toxic for the nursing infant.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Glycopyrrolate during ketamine/diazepam anaesthesia. A double-blind comparison with atropine.

In a double-blind study, the effects of atropine and glycopyrrolate (dosage ratio 2:1) following i.m. and i.v. administration were compared with respect to salivation, heart rate, and blood pressure before, during and after i.v. infusion anaesthesia with ketamine and diazepam for alloplastic hip or knee surgery in 30 patients above the age of 50 years. Given with the premedicant, the two drugs were equally effective in reducing salivation. A slight increase in heart rate was seen after atropine only (P less than 0.005). Increases in heart rate and blood pressure during induction of anaesthesia were similar in the two groups. A second dose of the test drug was given with neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade. Again, there were no statistically significant differences with respect to salivation, blood pressure, heart rate, nausea and/or vomiting, unpleasant dreams and arousal time.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Sympathetic reflex control of skeletal muscle blood flow in patients with congestive heart failure: evidence for beta-adrenergic circulatory control.

Mechanisms controlling forearm muscle vascular resistance (FMVR) during postural changes were investigated in seven patients with severe congestive heart failure (CHF) and in seven control subjects with unimpaired left ventricular function. Relative brachioradial muscle blood flow was determined by the local 133Xe-washout technique. Unloading of baroreceptors with use of 45 degree upright tilt was comparably obtained in the patients with CHF and control subjects. Control subjects had substantially increased FMVR and heart rate to maintain arterial pressure whereas patients with CHF had decreased FMVR by 51 +/- 11% (mean +/- SEM, p less than .02) and had no increase in heart rate despite a fall in arterial pressure during upright tilt. The autoregulatory and local vasoconstrictor reflex responsiveness during postural changes in forearm vascular pressures were intact in both groups. Further investigations were carried out in the patients with CHF. The left axillary nerve plexus was blocked by local anesthesia in the seven patients. No alterations in forearm vascular pressures were observed. This blockade preserved the local regulation of FMVR but reversed the vasodilator response to upright tilt as FMVR increased by 30 +/- 7% (p less than .02). Blockade of central neural impulses to this limb combined with brachial arterial infusions of phentolamine completely abolished the humoral vasoconstriction in the tilted position. Infusions of propranolol to the contralateral brachial artery that did not affect baseline values of heart rate, arterial pressure, or the local reflex regulation of FMVR reversed the abnormal vasodilator response to upright tilt as FMVR increased by 42 +/- 12% (p less than .02). Despite augmented baseline values, forearm venous but not arterial plasma levels of epinephrine increased in the tilted position, as did arterial rather than venous plasma concentrations of norepinephrine in these patients. The results suggest a beta-adrenergic reflex mechanism elicited by spinal or supraspinal neural impulses and probably modulating a cotransmitter release in the patients with CHF.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of specific thromboxane-synthetase inhibition on thromboxane and prostaglandin synthesis in stable angina induced by exercise test.

14 patients with effort induced angina pectoris were treated with a specific TxB2 inhibitor Dazoxiben or verapamil for two weeks with a wash-out period of 14 days between the two regimens. A sub-maximal bicycle test was performed before treatment and at the end of each treatment period. The bicycle test induced a significant increase in serum TxB2 in patients without treatment and during verapamil therapy. This increase was significantly inhibited by Dazoxiben treatment. No alterations in plasma TxB2 or 6-keto-PGF1 alpha were observed on either regimen. Dazoxiben had no clinical effect, while verapamil caused a highly significant prolongation of exercise time.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Auditory double click evoked potentials in multiple sclerosis.

Brain stem electric responses (BSER), evoked by acoustic stimuli, were investigated in 29 patients with multiple sclerosis and compared with the responses in a control group of 26 young adults without neurological disease or hearing defect. The procedure included monaural and binaural stimulus presentation of single clicks and pairs of clicks. In the evaluations the vertex-positive Jewett I, III and V response components, and the vertex-negative "FFP7" peak were considered. In the assessment of the BSER components, the FFP7 (the vertex-negative 7 ms far field potential following the JewettV wave) proved to be the best single component with respect to reproducibility in normal subjects. In addition the FFP7 was the single most consistently abnormal component in the patient group. Determination of the latency of the Jewett components and the interpeak conduction times, however, contributed further to the disclosure of the abnormal cases. Five of the patients whose hearing was impaired were considered separately. Of the remaining 24 patients, 20 (83%) had BSER abnormalities. Further analysis did not reveal a clear correlation between BSER abnormalities and clinical signs of brain stem dysfunction.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

On the safety of using stored bank blood for chronic hemodialysis patients.

Red cells stored either for 3 days or 2 weeks were equally susceptible to lysis during in vitro dialysis. Furthermore, the small increases in plasma hemoglobin during hemodialysis of 10 patients were independent of transfusion. We examined the patients during three separate hemodialyses: one without transfusion, one with transfusion of three units of red cells stored for less than 5 days, and one with transfusion of red cells stored for 2 weeks. The mean concentration of hemoglobin in plasma increased from 0.7 to 3.6 mumol per l (p less than 0.01), and it was normal again after 2 days. No significant changes occurred in the mean concentration of haptoglobin in plasma. The results indicate that red cells stored for 2 weeks are not more prone to lysis than those stored for less than 5 days. Consequently, we recommend a storage interval of less than 2 weeks, instead of 5 days, for blood transfused to chronic hemodialysis patients.

Blood Banks↗