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F Naeim

Publications and source records attributed to F Naeim.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia presenting as a pituitary mass lesion.

We describe a unique case of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in a patient who presented with bitemporal hemianopsia, adrenal insufficiency, and gonadotrophin deficiency. Studies revealed an enhancing intrasellar mass with suprasellar extension and displacement of the optic chiasm. Peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies disclosed a monoclonal IgM kappa expressing B-cell CLL. Biopsy of the pituitary mass revealed dense infiltration of the pituitary gland by leukemic cells. This is, to our knowledge, the first reported case of CLL presenting as a pituitary mass lesion.

Brain↗
PubMed1991

Hybrid leukemia and the 5q-abnormality.

Most cases of acute leukemia with deletions of chromosome 5q (5q-) are acute myelogenous leukemia. 5q- in acute lymphoid leukemia is rare. We studied a case of acute leukemia with 5q- using morphologic, cytochemical, immune and molecular techniques. Morphologic and cytochemical techniques were consistent with ALL (FAB L-2, PAS+, MPO-, ASD-). TdT was present. Immune studies suggested a T-cell phenotype (CD5+, CD7+); however, there was no rearrangement of the T beta-cell receptor gene. Surprisingly, the leukemia cells also expressed the CD13 myeloid antigen. Dual staining analysis showed co-expression of lymphoid and myeloid antigens on most cells. Based on these data and a review of previous reports we suggest that acute leukemia associated with the 5q- abnormality can occur in an immature stem cell resulting in a hybrid leukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Where does transformation occur in acute leukemia?

We studied 43 consecutive cases of acute leukemia for evidence of hybrid leukemia including biphenotypic or bilineal involvement. Twenty-two were initially diagnosed as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 21 as acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Techniques included morphology, cytochemistry, immune phenotyping and cytogenetics. Thirty-one cases seemed restricted to one lineage. Twelve cases showed involvement of both lymphoid and myeloid cells. Dual staining immune phenotyping showed coexpression of diverse lineage markers. These data indicate a considerable proportion of unselected cases of acute leukemia are hybrid leukemias. These data are consistent with the notion that transformation frequently occurs in a stem or progenitor cell.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Are some cases of acute leukemia with t(8;21) hybrid leukemias?

Translocations between chromosomes 8 and 21, t(8;21)(q22;q22), occur most commonly in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) of the M2 FAB type. We studied two cases of acute leukemia with t(8;21) by immune phenotyping and IgH and T-cell receptor beta chain gene rearrangement analyses. These cases had increased blasts in bone marrow (greater than 50%). Auer rods, and evidence of granulocyte maturation. Blasts from both cases expressed CD19(B4), a B-cell antigen, as well as myeloid antigens including CD13(My7) and CD33(My9). HLA-DR, CD34, and TdT were also strongly positive. IgH or TCR beta gene rearrangements were not detected. We suggest that some cases of acute leukemia with t(8;21) may be hybrid leukemias with transformation in a multipotent stem cell.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Bone marrow changes in patients with refractory aplastic anemia treated by recombinant GM-CSF.

The morphologic changes in the bone marrow of eight patients with refractory aplastic anemia who received 4 or more weeks of granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are described. All eight patients demonstrated a continuous rise in the absolute number of neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes over the first four weeks of therapy. Bone marrow examination revealed a progressive increase in bone marrow cellularity in all patients except one. An increase in myeloid: erythroid ratio was seen with progressive maturation of granulocytic cells. Neutrophilic and eosinophilic myelocytes were the most prominent cells. The percentage of myeloblasts and promyelocytes did not increase significantly, and the proportions of postmitotic granulocytic cells did not change either. No significant morphologic changes were noted in the basophilic, erythroid, and megakaryocytic series. The most prominent topographic observation in the bone marrow during GM-CSF therapy was the frequent clustering of myeloid cells close to the bone trabeculae. The periosteal localization of myeloid precursors may reflect a higher concentration of stem cells and/or stromal cells in the bone marrow adjacent to the bone trabeculae or a higher concentration of growth factors. Careful morphologic examination of bone marrow in CSF clinical trials will provide useful information regarding the in vivo effects of these growth factors, and will aid in the development of a rational approach to combining them for therapy.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1989

Bone marrow aplasia associated with proliferation of large granular lymphocytes and subsequent transformation to acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Proliferation of large granular lymphocytes may be associated with neutropenia and, less frequently, thrombocytopenia. In this report, we describe a patient with severe aplastic anemia in the setting of a proliferation of cells with natural killer (NK) phenotype. We demonstrated evolution to acute lymphoblastic leukemia by cells of identical phenotype.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1989

Diagnostic molecular pathology.

Molecular pathology, defined broadly as the use of nucleic acid probes to diagnose and study disease, is an emerging discipline of growing importance and promise. Utilizing the principles of nucleotide base-pairing for specific hybridization between a DNA or RNA probe and its complementary target sequence, molecular diagnostic techniques are finding ever-increasing applications across the entire spectrum of human disease. These include infectious diseases (using DNA probes for viruses, bacteria, and parasites), neoplastic diseases (through detection of gene rearrangements, tissue-specific gene transcription, and oncogene activation), hereditary diseases (by screening for specific mutated genes or linked DNA polymorphisms), and the differentiation of individuals from one another by "DNA fingerprinting" (for purposes of donor recipient identification in transplants, paternity testing, or forensic investigations). This review surveys the current applications in each of these areas, along with the most important techniques now being used: Southern blotting, in situ hybridization, and the polymerase chain reaction. Finally, the impact of these powerful new methodologies on the entire field of diagnostic pathology is discussed.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Use of deoxyribonucleic acid probes in the identification of cell origin and detection of cellular contamination in human lymphoblastoid cell lines.

Established lymphoblastoid cell lines have provided a valuable reference source for studying neoplastic lymphoproliferative disorders in humans. However, two major problems are associated with the establishment and growth of these cell lines: (a) the established cell line may not represent the original neoplastic clone, and (b) contamination of the established cell line with the other cell lines may occur. Lymphoblastoid cell lines "W" and "SP5" were established from splenectomy specimens of two patients with hairy cell leukemia. Both cell lines displayed B cell characteristics by immunophenotypic and Ig gene rearrangement studies. The banding patterns of the rearranged Ig genes (heavy and light chains) in the W cell line were different and in the SP5 cell line were identical with the corresponding untransformed splenic cell lines, indicating that cell line SP5 did and cell line W did not represent the original neoplastic clone. Continuous cultures of some of the subclones derived from cell line W and SP5 led to the growth of the cell lines W15T, W17T, and SP5T which all demonstrated T cell features based on immunophenotypic and T cell receptor rearrangement studies. However, the T cell receptor alpha and beta rearranged bands as well as bands generated by hybridization with highly polymorphic DNA probes p YNH24 and 0-3315-32 in these three lines and a human T cell leukemia line (CEM), were identical indicating that W15T, W17T and SP5T cell lines were contaminated with CEM. Studies of gene establishment patterns and DNA polymorphisms by Southern blotting are effective methods to establish clonal identity and to rule out cellular contamination in lymphoblastoid cell lines.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1988

Detection of cytomegalovirus DNA in classic and epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma by in situ hybridization.

Several lines of evidence have suggested an etiologic association of cytomegalovirus (CMV) with Kaposi's sarcoma. This contention is supported by a pathoepidemiologic survey of 54 cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) at our own institution. Of the 27 patients with documented Kaposi's sarcoma, 24 (89%) showed histologic evidence of CMV infection (cytomegalic cells with viral inclusions), whereas only 9 (33%) of the patients with AIDS without Kaposi's sarcoma showed hallmarks of CMV infection. In an attempt to address this question further, we have searched for the presence of CMV nucleic acid sequences in a series of 25 patients with AIDS and Kaposi's sarcoma, using the technique of in situ DNA hybridization. The reliability of the in situ technique is demonstrated, and the technique is shown to be more sensitive than the detection of viral inclusions within Kaposi's sarcoma lesions by routine light microscopy. However, only 20% of our cases showed evidence of CMV involvement, and the CMV-positive cells within the affected Kaposi's sarcoma lesions were few and sparsely distributed. In addition, a companion series of 6 elderly patients with "classic" Kaposi's sarcoma showed no evidence of CMV infection by either conventional microscopy or in situ hybridization. These results do not support the notion of a strong association between Kaposi's sarcoma and CMV, unless the CMV sequences are present at a copy number too low for detection by these methods. The implications of these findings in light of current theories of CMV oncogenesis are discussed.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1988

Histological response and antigen transmission in the lymph nodes of athymic nu/nu mice inoculated with Crohn's disease tissue filtrates.

Lymph node histology and antigen transmission in the nu/nu mouse in response to animal inoculation with Crohn's disease tissue filtrates were re-evaluated. We found that a hyperplastic lymph node response in nu/nu mice occurred with Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), or other intestinal disease (OID) tissue inoculations. In addition, antigen transmission to lymph nodes as detected by indirect immunofluorescence using CD sera was observed in all inoculation groups. The immunofluorescent reaction also occurred independently of lymph node histology. Thus, we confirm that CD sera recognize an antigen(s) expressed in lymph nodes of athymic mice inoculated with CD tissue filtrates. The antibody (or antibodies) in CD sera was not specific for this 'CD antigen or antigens', however, as tested in the nu/nu mouse system, because the CD sera antibodies also recognised antigens in UC inoculated and OID inoculated animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Reactivity of neoplastic cells of hairy cell leukemia with antisera to S-100 protein.

Rabbit antibodies to bovine S-100 protein were tested by immunoperoxidase technics against fresh hairy cell leukemia (HCL) cells obtained from nine patients (peripheral blood in six and spleen in three), as well as lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from three patients with HCL. Peripheral mononuclear cells from three normal persons and two patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and cells from two melanoma lines were used as controls. The melanoma cell lines, cell lines derived from patients with HCL, and fresh HCL cells displayed cytoplasmic and nuclear positivity after exposure to anti-S-100 protein sera. By contrast, normal peripheral blood lymphocytes and CLL cells were negative for S-100 protein. Additional studies were performed by immunoperoxidase technics on representative sections of formalin-fixed splenic tissues from eight patients who had splenectomies. The cause of splenectomy was HCL in three, traumatic rupture in one, CLL in one, Hodgkin's disease in one, and hypersplenism in two patients. Sections from all three HCL patients showed moderate to marked positivity with antisera to S-100 protein. These results strongly suggest the presence of S-100 protein in HCL cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Hypocellular bone marrow with increased blasts.

Twenty patients with hypocellular bone marrow and increased blasts (HBMIB) were reviewed. The median age was 60 years with a male:female ratio of 17:3. History of alcohol abuse was noted in 30%, potential exposure to toxic chemicals in 20%, second malignancies in 20%, and aplastic anemia in 25%. Pancytopenia with marrow hypocellularity and increased marrow blast cells were characteristic hematopathologic features. Marrow hypocellularity was moderate to severe (less than or equal to 25%) in over half of the cases and mild to moderate (greater than 25, less than or equal to 35%) in the remainder. Blast cells were the predominant cellular elements in the marrow displaying scanty to moderate amounts of cytoplasm, round to oval nuclei, and one or more nucleoli. Special stains were performed in 19 cases. Blast cells morphologically displayed myeloid features, but Sudan black B and/or peroxidase positivity was noted in only ten patients. The overall mortality was high, especially in patients undergoing chemotherapy. At 1 year follow-up, 11 patients had received chemotherapy and eight of these eleven were dead compared to three of nine patients dead in those not receiving chemotherapy. Only two patients developed "overt" leukemia evidenced by hypercellular marrow and over 30% blast cells in the peripheral blood. HBMIB is a distinct clinicopathologic entity characterized by severe marrow failure and a low response rate to chemotherapy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Diagnostic immunopathology.

The application of immunologic techniques to tissue sections has added a new dimension to the investigation and classification of various processes. Virtually every section of diagnostic pathology has been enhanced by using specific monoclonal antibodies or polyclonal antiserum. Neoplasms formerly diagnosed as poorly differentiated or anaplastic may be precisely identified as to their origin through the use of specific membrane or cytoplasmic markers. Other cellular products, including viruses, hormones, enzymes or highly specific proteins, are also available to study neoplastic and nonneoplastic processes. New and more specific reagents are regularly becoming available for the diagnostic repertoire of pathologists. We present some of the principles of diagnostic immunopathology to show the scope and importance of the techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Pathologic evaluation of thymic hyperplasia in myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome.

Eleven thymectomy specimens from patients with myasthenia gravis or Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome were thoroughly sectioned. The results were compared with the routine surgical pathology reports that were based on a median of four sections. Routine sampling was found to be inadequate because the thymectomy specimens were inhomogeneous--some random sections contained germinal centers while others did not. Thus, on more thorough examination, about half of the specimens should have been diagnosed as showing "follicular hyperplasia" rather than "no diagnostic change" or "involution." This helps explain the conflicting results of previous studies, based when stated on a mean of three sections, in which favorable response to thymectomy in patients with myasthenia gravis was either not correlated with the thymus histologic state or correlated variously with few or numerous germinal centers. Thus, nondiagnostic histologic findings based on only one or two thymus sections should be suspect, and if in doubt a larger number of sections should be examined for accurate pathologic diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Bone marrow changes in patients with hairy cell leukemia treated by recombinant alpha 2-interferon.

Bone marrow specimens from 21 patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) who were entered into a program to study the efficacy of treatment with recombinant alpha 2-interferon were evaluated. Patients were treated with the interferon, 2 X 10(6) U/m2 subcutaneously three times weekly, and were scheduled to undergo bone marrow aspiration and biopsy at study entry and after three (21 patients) and six (16 patients) months of treatment. Bone marrow samples after three months of treatment showed an overall decline in cellularity, from an average of 77 +/- 20 to 57 +/- 22 per cent, with a marked decrease in the percentage of neoplastic mass (from 87 +/- 9 to 59 +/- 24 per cent). The bone marrow changes were associated with significant improvement in hematologic values, including hemoglobin levels and granulocyte and platelet counts. The bone marrow changes and improved hematologic values remained stable with continuation of interferon therapy. However complete bone marrow remission did not occur in any of the patients after three or six months of interferon therapy. The HCL cell mass in more than 60 per cent of the patients remained at or above 50 per cent of the marrow cellularity and dropped to less than 25 per cent in 14 per cent of the patients. In all of the patients increased amounts of reticulin fibers were identified in the bone marrow prior to therapy, and 89 per cent of bone marrow aspirations failed (dry tap). The amounts of reticulin fibers remained increased in most of the patients (91 per cent), with a high incidence of dry taps (73 per cent), after therapy. Interferon therapy also changed the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP)-positive HCL cells to TRAP-negative, suggesting inhibition of activity and/or production of TRAP in HCL cells.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1985

Thymus involution in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a severe disorder of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, predominantly affecting homosexual males and other high-risk groups and characterized by profound alterations in T-lymphocyte function. The authors have examined thymus tissue from 14 patients who died of AIDS and compared the results with findings in five control groups: healthy age-matched controls, elderly individuals, patients with chronic or debilitating illnesses other than AIDS, infants with conditions causing "stress atrophy," and patients with myasthenia gravis. The AIDS group included 11 homosexual males, 1 Haitian, 1 homosexual who was also a drug abuser, and a 10-month-old infant believed to have contracted AIDS following blood transfusion. All the AIDS cases showed marked thymus involution with severe depletion of both lymphocytes and epithelial elements. The latter component consisted primarily of thin cords and nests of primitive-appearing epithelial cells that could be defined by positive immunohistochemical staining for keratin. Many cases showed a variable plasma cell infiltration, and the majority exhibited distinct vascular changes in the form of hyalinization and/or onion-skin patterns, primarily in the adventitia. Most striking of all was the marked paucity of Hassall's corpuscles; four patients had none at all, while in the other ten patients all the Hassall's corpuscles were calcified. These changes were far more extensive than those seen in any of the control groups, which retained most of their complement of Hassall's corpuscles even in the face of marked overall involution. The physiologic function of Hassall's corpuscles is not known, but recent immunohistochemical studies have implicated them in the synthesis of "facteur thymique serique" (FTS, thymulin) and other thymic hormones known to play a role in regulating T-helper and suppressor cell activity. It is conceivable that the extensive destruction of Hassall's corpuscles observed in AIDS may be a crucial element in the pathogenesis of this syndrome.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1979

Nodular lymphoma with intracellular immunoglobulin.

A case of malignant lymphoma with vacuolated cells is presented and, as with two other recent reports, is of the nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic type. This form of malignant lymphoma presumably is composed of neoplastic B lymphocytes, which produce intracellular immunoglobulins or fractions thereof, corresponding to various cellular vacuoles and inclusions. The vacuolated appearance of the neoplastic cells simulates mucinous or "signet ring" adenocarcinoma, which may be excluded by clinical, routine microscopic, histochemical, immunologic, and electron microscopic observations.

Adenocarcinoma↗