PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

F Neukirch

Publications and source records attributed to F Neukirch.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Pattern-character analysis of flow volume-curve for diagnosis of pulmonary obstruction.

This study presents a different approach of the maximum expiratory flow volume curve analysis. Instead of computing only its classical parameters, we are interested in the perceptible components it raises up, that is its pattern. Patterns have been quantified and classified with algorithms used in pattern recognition. A criterion of likeness and a criterion of proximity of each character curve with a standard pattern are calculated. It permits to associate a character and a normal or a pathological standard pattern. The automata which has been designed for automatic and real-time acquisition and computation of the test is described. Results on populations of children and obstructive patients are then presented. It lets us assess the ability of the system for early bronchial diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Eosinophils, smoking, and lung function. An epidemiologic survey among 912 working men.

The relationship of eosinophilia with smoking habits and with baseline lung function measurements has been studied in a working population of 912 men in the Paris area. Absolute numbers of eosinophils were related significantly to a history of asthma and eczema in childhood as well as to current tobacco consumption, whereas the percentage of eosinophils was related only to the occurrence of asthma and eczema. Forced expiratory volume in one second adjusted for smoking was significantly related to asthma, the presence of a common cold on the day of examination among those with a history of wheezing, and the percentage of eosinophils. The association between FEV and eosinophils was restricted to never smokers. Among never smokers without a history of asthma, eczema, wheezing, or a common cold on the day of examination, eosinophil percentages and counts were significantly associated with the level of FEV; eosinophil percentages explained 4.4% of the variance of FEV. These results suggest that eosinophilia might be a risk factor for chronic air-flow limitation among adult nonsmokers.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Hemodynamic and coronary effects of molsidomine at basal state, during atrial pacing, and during cold pressor test in patients with stable angina pectoris.

Heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), coronary sinus blood flow (CSF), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), mean arterial (MAP), and coronary arteriovenous difference for oxygen (AVDcO2) were measured in patients with stable angina pectoris without cardiac failure before and 40 to 60 minutes after administration of 2 or 3 mg of molsidomine. In 20 patients these measurements were made in basal state during spontaneous rhythm. In eight of these patients (including three receiving beta blockers) the measurements were made during atrial pacing. In eight other patients, all receiving long-term beta-blocker therapy, the measurements were made during cold pressor test. At the basal state in spontaneous rhythm, a gradual reduction in the LVSP to 70% or less of its initial value was observed in four patients receiving 3 mg of molsidomine (two of whom received beta-blocker treatment). The LVSP was immediately restored by vascular filling. In the 16 other patients molsidomine decreased LVSP, LVEDP, MAP, CO, and double product (DP = LVSP X HR). The AVDcO2 was unchanged. CSF and myocardial oxygen uptake index (MVO2 = CSF X AVDcO2) were decreased. During atrial pacing, hemodynamic and coronary effects were similar to those seen in the basal state. During the cold pressor test, the increases in LVSP, MAP, and LVEDP were significantly reduced by molsidomine. The variations in CSF and coronary resistance (MAP/CSF) were also significantly different after administration of molsidomine, with better metabolic regulation of the coronary circulation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Effects of molsidomine during the cold test in stable coronary insufficiency under beta-blocker treatment].

The heart rate, cardiac output, coronary sinus blood flow, systolic and end diastolic left ventricular pressures, femoral arterial pressure and coronary oxygen arterio-venous difference were measured in 12 patients with stable coronary artery disease without cardiac failure on long-term betablocker therapy, before and 45 minutes after 2 or 3 mg sublingual molsidomine. The measurements were repeated in 8 patients during a cold pressor test. Under basal conditions, molsidomine decreased the systolic and end diastolic left ventricular pressures, mean femoral arterial pressure, cardiac output and double product. The coronary oxygen arterio-venous difference was unchanged. Coronary sinus flow and myocardial oxygen consumption decreased. In the 2 patients who were given 3 mg molsidomine, a progressive reduction in systolic left ventricular pressure to 70% or less than its initial value, necessitated immediate treatment with volume expanders. During the cold pressor test before molsidomine the systolic and end diastolic left ventricular pressures, mean femoral arterial pressure and the double product increased. Coronary sinus flow was unchanged overall: it decreased in 6 patients, increased in 2 patients and remained the same in 1 patient. Coronary resistance increased in 6 patients and decreased in only one patient. During the cold pressor test after molsidomine there was a significant reduction in the increase of systolic left ventricular pressure, mean femoral artery pressure and double product. Coronary sinus blood flow increased in 5 patients and decreased in only one case. Coronary resistance decreased in half the cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1984

[Can the results of pulmonary function tests and evidence of tobacco-related respiratory symptoms be used to dissuade adolescents from smoking?].

The purpose of this paper is to review arguments recently used to dissuade youth from smoking, nd to propose new ones based on the results obtained in an epidemiological study carried out between 1978 and 1980 among young people attending school. A questionnaire focused on respiratory symptoms and smoking habits was filled out by 2,269 students between 10 and 19 years of age. Among them, a representative sample of 971 underwent a respiratory function test. Two years later, the students who had shown an impaired respiratory function were again examined--along with a representative control group--using the same protocol. During the first examination, we had found a very meaningful relationship between smoking and respiratory symptoms. MOreover, girl smokers evidenced significantly diminished expiratory flows. The students were informed of the results at the time. When the second examination was carried out, some smokers had increased their cigarette consumption, while others had cut back- and it was the latter group that, during the first examination, had had a significantly higher proportion of symptoms and lower respiratory function values. This suggests that showing proof of the real problems caused by smoking could be used as an element in antismoking campaigns among school-attending youth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Validity of mortality data in respiratory diseases in France and 7 other countries of the E.E.C].

A recent study of mortality due to respiratory disease, carried out in the eight member countries of the European Economic Community (E.E.C.) has shown different levels of mortality between the countries. To establish whether these variations in mortality were real or due to methods of filing and coding, a study of death certification was carried out in each country based on 10 common clinical diagnostic categories to assess overall accuracy. In France, 75 doctors picked a random, were asked to fill in a form for each observation as though it were a real death. The cause of death was coded by the usual national centre and re-coded by a reference centre in London. The protocol was similar for each country taking part. Important differences were found between and within each country. Some arise from the way in which doctors write out the death certificates (an excess of deaths from "other disease of the respiratory tract" in France and from cardio-vascular diseases in Italy), in others the way of coding was due to (an "excess of deaths by other disease of the respiratory tract" in Belgium). The degree of concordance depends on the complexity of the case (possible interaction of several pathologies), particular national characteristics, and whether account of these is made by the medical profession. These divergences can in part explain the different mortality statistics from respiratory disease between countries of the E.E.C. Later on it will be necessary to make the wording and the coding of the death certificate more standardised within the E.E.C.

Death Certificates↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of parents on the tobacco use of their children].

A survey carried out in autumn 1978 in a Paris state secondary school (2266 pupils) enabled us to study the precocity and prevalence of smoking habits in boys and girls aged 14.9 years on average, according to their parents' smoking habits and attitudes. The proportions of smokers were 21.8% in boys and 31.2% in girls. These proportions were lower if parents forbade smoking and higher if they allowed it, or simply advised their children against it. The proportion of smokers and precocity of smoking increased with parents' smoking habits. This result was confirmed by a stepping-up discriminant analysis. We also found that the influence of peers entailed a greater precocity in smoking and that those who smoked to assume a countenance smoked a greater number of cigarettes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Systematic recording of malignant bronchopleuropulmonary tumors: value and limitations].

A systematic recording of primary cancer of the bronchi, pleura or lung would be of descriptive, etiological and operational interest if the collected data were exhaustive, if it were possible to resolve the problems set by epidemiological surveys (the only kind of study to be considered) and finally if an effective means to fight against these cancers were available.

Humans↗
PubMed1983

[Hemodynamic and coronary effects of molsidomine in patients with stable coronary insufficiency in the basal state, during an atrial stimulation test and a cold test].

The heart rate (HR), the cardiac output (Qc) and the coronary sinus flow rate (Qcs), the left ventricular systolic and end-diastolic pressures (LVSP, LVEDP), the femoral artery pressure (FAP) and the difference between the coronary arterial and coronary venous oxygen tension (DAVcO2) were measured in patients with stable coronary insufficiency without cardiac failure, before and 40 to 60 minutes after 2 or 3 mg of molsidomine (M). In 20 patients, these measurements were made in the basal state, in spontaneous rhythm (SP). In 8 of these patient, (including 3 receiving beta-blockers) the measurements were made during an atrial stimulation test (ST) and in 8 other patients, all receiving long-term beta-blocker therapy, the measurements were made during a cold test (CT). At the basal state in SR, a gradual reduction in the LVSP to 70% or less of its initial value was observed in the patients receiving 3 mg of M (2 of whom received beta-blocker treatment). The LVSP was immediately restored by vascular filling. In 16 patients, M decreased the LVSP, the LVEDP, the FAP, the Qc and the double product (DP = LVSP X HR). The DAVcO2 was unchanged. Qcs and MVO2 (MVO2 = Qcs X DAVcO2) were decreased. In the course of ST, the haemodynamic and coronary changes are similar to those seen in the basal state. During the Ct, the increase in the LVSP, FAP and DP was significantly reduced by M. The variations in Qcs and coronary resistance (FAP/Qcs) were also significantly different after M., with better metabolic regulation of the coronary circulation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Mortality from respiratory diseases among agricultural and non-agricultural workers in France from 1970 to 1974].

The mortality due to respiratory disease was studied in France between 1970 and 1974 as well as in seven other countries in the European Economic Community. The French results were presented as an index of mortality by cause of death, enabling a comparison of the mortality in different groups of the population. Data was supplied for 7 diagnostic groups defined according to List A of the International Classification of Diseases. The population studied consisted of men and women between 15 to 64 years, classified according to residence (urban or rural) and profession (agricultural worker or not). In addition the indices of mortality for farmers or agricultural employees were compared to men of the same social class, for the same period. The comparisons between the urban and the rural background revealed an excess mortality for respiratory tuberculosis, lung cancer, bronchitis, emphysema and asthma for those in urban areas. In the rural environment an excess mortality was noted for acute respiratory diseases in both men and women; this was also found comparing agricultural to non-agricultural workers. Lastly, if one compared agricultural and non-agricultural workers of the same social class, deaths due to acute and chronic respiratory infections were higher in the agricultural workers. These results show the relative importance already stressed in other studies, of acute respiratory diseases in agricultural workers.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Etiologic study of chronic nonspecific bronchopneumopathies in the work environment].

Epidemiological methods may be used to study the causes of respiratory troubles at work, to test the hypothesis that there is a statistically significant relationship between professional risk factors and respiratory disease. The prognostic value of certain indices and the impact of preventative measures may also be assessed. The choice of method, type of enquiry and selection of the population to be studied and the resources to be used depend on the aims of the study. The definitions both of occupational exposure and the disease should be clearly established in the protocol. The questionnaire, which is indispensable in all investigation into respiratory disorder, should be adapted to the specific research project (for contents, lay-out, relevance and order of questions, allowing for distorting factors). The final objective in the application of an epidemiological method to study occupational risk factors is to develop a preventative strategy at each stage, but most importantly at the very first stage to prevent the appearance of respiratory troubles.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1982

Prevalence of respiratory symptoms in Parisian teenagers according to smoking habits.

The relationship between respiratory symptoms and smoking habits, according to sex, was studied in 2266 teenagers attending secondary school in Paris. Among smokers, the prevalence of usual cough or phlegm, or both, was higher in girls than in boys, whereas such was not the case among non-smokers. That prevalence, as well as the proportion of people with wheezing, were more closely associated with the total number of cigarettes ever smoked by girls than by boys. Moreover, there was a weak but significant association between the total number of cigarettes smoked and respiratory function--FEV1/Ht3 in girls only.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of biopsy procedures in intrathoracic sarcoidosis.

A series of 78 patients, mainly young males, with intrathoracic manifestations of sarcoidosis, found on routine chest X-ray, were examined according to a prescheduled program including different biopsy procedures. In 76% the intrathoracic changes were isolated hilar adenopathy, in 9% isolated pulmonary lesions and in 15% hilar adenopathy plus pulmonary lesions. Lymph nodes containing granulomas were found by mediastinoscopy in 41 of 44 patients and by scalene fat pad biopsy in 20 of 34 patients. In 27 of 76 patients granulomas were found by liver biopsy. Complications to the biopsies were more frequent with mediastinoscopy than with the other two biopsy procedures, but no serious complications occurred. Biopsy through mediastinoscopy is thus preferable in patients of this kind. The necessity of doing biopsies to support the diagnosis of sarcoidosis is discussed on the basis of the literature and our own studies. In younger patients with asymptomatic, bilateral hilar adenopathy without pulmonary lesions it seems justifiable to omit biopsy, whereas biopsy is mandatory in patients with unilateral hilar lymph adenopathy and patients with pulmonary lesions. In all cases the course of the disease should be followed for a rather long period.

Adipose Tissue↗