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F Nouailhat

Publications and source records attributed to F Nouailhat.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Prognosis of post-anoxic coma].

The outcome of anoxic coma following cardiac arrest depends on the aetiological circumstances, on pre-existing visceral deficiencies and on the duration of inefficient circulation. Outside the extreme cases of prompt return to consciousness or early death, in many patients this course is marked by neurological sequelae of varying severity which may result in a persistent vegetative state. Initially, there is nothing that can predict the quality of survival, but within 72 hours the neurological examination usually makes it possible to foresee irreversible situations with permanent loss of consciousness. The decisional problems that ensue are discussed.

Coma↗
PubMed1989

[Solitary listerial abscess of the brain stem. Cure with antibiotic treatment].

A healthy 26-year-old man, without initially presenting fever, rapidly developed a focal right pontomedullary deficit associated with an aseptic lymphocytic meningitis. The diagnosis of Listeria infection was confirmed by blood cultures. CT and MRI demonstrated an abscess extending from the superior cerebellar peduncle to the lateral portion of the medulla. Immunological controls gave no indication of deficiency. With ampicillin therapy, started on the 5th day, clinical recovery was almost complete, but a soft palate right paresis persisted as the unique sequel. Antibiotic therapy was maintained for 5 months up to normal CSF and CT. One year after the onset, MRI was also normal. The rare nature of listerial abscess in the brainstem is discussed with regard to rhombencephalitides.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Status epilepticus in the adult. Epidemiologic and clinical study in an intensive care unit].

The present study, conducted between January 1975 and June 1983, includes 282 adult patients admitted for status epilepticus (SE) in 2 intensive care units (3.5% of all admissions). In their great majority, i.e., 201, patients had no previous history of epilepsy, and initiated the SE during the course of recent affections such as brain or systemic diseases. In 81 patients with previous seizure, epilepsy was idiopathic in 20, and symptomatic in 61, the 3 main causes being cranial traumatism, cerebrovascular accident and chronic alcoholism. SE was of various causes. The most frequent were cerebro-vascular disease, post-anoxic encephalopathy, intoxication, bacterial or viral meningo-encephalitis. In some patients, SE was preceded by manifestations such as convulsions, behavorial disturbances or conscience impairment. One should be aware of these facts and undertake or increase an anticonvulsivant medication at their onset. Duration of SE, when clearly established, was highly variable but had no apparent correlation to sequelae or death occurrences. SE itself was directly related to death in only 2 cases; in all other instances death was the consequence of the primary disease. These results are consistent with previous reports: presently SE occurs more frequently in the course of other affections than in prior epileptic patients. The better vital prognosis of SE is due to the simultaneous conjunction of new anticonvulsivant medication and supportive care associated with the cure of the causative disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Treatment of status epilepticus in the adult. Retrospective analysis of 192 cases treated in intensive care units].

The results of therapy have been analyzed in a series of 192 patients admitted for status epilepticus over 7 years in two intensive care units. Most (142 cases without any prior epilepsy) corresponded to secondary forms. In 2/3 of the cases, the patients were admitted because of failure of benzodiazepines and/or phenobarbitone. Sodium thiopentone achieved control of seizures in 75%; short-acting barbiturates should be especially prescribed in grand mal status with impending brain anoxia. Diphenylhydantoin would appear suitable in non-life-threatening conditions such as serial seizures or partial status. Chlormethiazole often succeeds in controlling convulsive status which has proved refractory to other treatment. Supportive management is mandatory: 52% of patients required respiratory assistance. Fatalities (36%) exclusively correspond to the underlying cerebral conditions and systemic disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Generalized saturnine paralysis. Discovery of a double congenital disease: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (new variant) and distal tubular acidosis].

A case of severe lead poisoning with haemolytic anemia, extensive polyneuropathy and arterial hypertension is reported in a patient for whom G-6-P-D deficiency and renal tubular acidosis were discovered. Both traits were present in his family. Incomplete regression of paralysis and persistant biological abnormalities after chelating treatment were demonstrative of heavy saturnine load even though the toxic exposure was brief. The role of the two deficiencies in the mechanism of intoxication is discussed: facilitation of haemolysis by enzymopathy and bone lead redistribution resulting from osteolysis probably due to the tubulopathy. The authors emphasize the fact that thorough and serial biological investigation is essential in the discovery of factors which may precipitate lead poisoning, as well as in the determination of follow-up criteria of efficient toxic epuration with sufficient delay. Typing of the enzyme has led to the identification of a new variant of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMed1975

[Gram negative bacillus septicemias. Results of treatment of 31 gram negative bacillus septicemias using intravenous nalidixic acid].

Enterobacteria multiresistant to usual antibiotics, often remain sensitive to nalidixic acid, sometimes as a result of synergy with polymixins. Use of the intravenous route makes it possible to obtain more than adequate serum levels. Pharmacological study has indicated appropriate doses in terms of renal function. Intravenous nalidixic acid has been used in the treatment of 31 cases of Gram negative septicaemia, with success in 22. These results are all the more significant given that the patients were all seriously ill, cultures having grown multiresistant organisms and that nalidixic acid was used only after other antibiotics had failed.

Anuria↗
PubMed1975

[Dysautonomia in acute primary polyradiculoneuritis].

In this research involving 172 cases of acute primary polyradiculoneuritis, the authors draw attention to the frequency and seriousness of the autonomic disorders, notably circulatory disorders (arterial hypertension, bradycardia), water retention, disorders in glucose metabolism. They have found a close correlation between the development of arterial hypertension and levels of VMA and the cathecholamines and between the appearance of hyperglycaemia and the level of urinary 17 OH. Free water clearance is often negative and becomes positive as the paralytic syndrome improves. The biological picture is identical with that brought about by inappropriate secretion of HAD. From the therapeutic point of view, caution is advised in using certain procedures and in prescribing certain drugs.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1975

[Methyl bromide poisoning. 3 cases, 1 fatal. Neruopathological study of one case of coma with myoclonus followed for 5 years].

Three new cases of methyl bromide poisoning (leakage from a fire extinguisher) are reported. Two of these were characterized, after an initial period of coma and myoclonic status, by an action myoclonus. Electrical data are presented. A follow up of 4 and 8 years allowed to study the effect of drugs, two of which (clonazepam and baclofene) being pecularly contributive. The third patient outlived for 5 years in a stuporous state with myoclonus. The anatomical findings consisted mainly of a necrosis of both inferior colliculi with gliosis in the upper brain stem reticular formation and moderate changes in the dentate and pontine nuclei. Their significance is discussed in view of physiological and experimental knowledge.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

[Myelopathy and macrocytic anemia associated with a folate deficiency. Cure by folic acid].

The authors report a case of myelopathy associated with macrotic anemia. The prior inefficacy of treatment with B1, B6 and B12 vitamins, in spite of a normal Schilling test, suggested the possibility of folate deficiency, the concentration of which was found very low in the serum (1.5 mg/ml). The addition of folic acid to the vitamins already administered without success, was followed by rapid recovery of the anemia and a frank neurological improvement maintained after 10 months follow-up. The rare similar cases observed in the world literature are analysed here. The other neurological manifestations, due to folate deficiency, the etiological circumstances and the methods of diagnosis are recalled.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

[Air embolisms].

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Embolism, Air↗