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Biomedical subjects

F Oberling

Publications and source records attributed to F Oberling.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Trichosporon capitatum septicemia in immunosuppressed patients].

Disseminated Trichosporon capitatum infections are seldom reported. We observed 3 cases in leukemic patients within 4 months. All 3 patients were granulocytopenic. One of them was also treated with cyclosporine and methyl-prednisolone after an allogenic bone marrow transplant. The portal of entry was certainly the digestive tract as Tr. capitatum have been isolated in the stool before the septicemia. All 3 patients were previously treated with an azole antifungal compound. The part of this treatment in the emergence of Tr. capitatum in the digestive tract and in the occurrence of the septicemia must be considered. As Tr. capitatum are usually sensitive to the azole compounds the explanation may be a too low daily dosage for the treatment of severely immunocompromised hosts.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

VP-16, ifosfamide, and methotrexate combination chemotherapy for aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas after failure of the LNH 84 regimen.

A total of 20 patients with intermediate or high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas who failed to LNH 84 regimen were treated with a combination of VP 16, ifosfamide and methotrexate (VIM regimen). Nineteen patients are evaluable for response. Eight patients (42%) achieved complete responses and four (21%) attained partial responses. Most of the complete responders are still in remission with a follow-up of more than 30 months for 5 patients.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Pseudotumoral pneumocystosis: one case and a review of the literature].

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia is one of these opportunistic infections that are so frequently observed in immunodepressed patients. The usual radiological image is one of interstitial pneumonia. We report the case of a misleading and unusual pseudotumoral form in a female patient with non-Hodgkin malignant lymphoma. The course of the pneumonia was favourable after cotrimoxazole therapy, partial surgical resection and prophylaxis of relapses by inhaled pentamidine.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Combination of recombinant interferon alpha-2a and vinblastine in advanced renal cell cancer.

Among 40 evaluable patients with metastatic renal cell cancer treated by high-dose interferon alpha-2a in combination with vinblastine, the authors have observed a 42.5% response rate. The 8 months' median duration of remissions is relatively short but some patients experience very long remissions, lasting many months after discontinuation of therapy. The survival of responding patients is significantly longer than the survival of nonresponders. The diverging results of other studies of the same combination are discussed; its efficacy is certainly dependent on the type of interferon, on the dose actually administered, and on the compliance to this often poorly tolerated treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Control of the antitumoral activity of human macrophages produced in large amounts in view of adoptive transfer.

Purified human blood monocytes were grown in hydrophobic bags in RPMI medium containing additional amino acids, indomethacine and growth factors. Autologous serum was added after a few days of culture at 37 degrees C, 5% CO2. The antitumoral activity generated by activated monocytes against human tumor cells grown in vitro was mediated by soluble effectors in contrast to macrophages which acted by cell contact. Monocyte differentiation into macrophages was achieved after 7 days of culture and characterized by phagocytosis and expression of MAX 1 antigen and non-specific esterases. The macrophages remaining in suspension in the bags were activated by exposure to immunostimulating compounds used alone or in combination (recombinant human gamma-interferon and muramyldipeptide). Activated macrophages were cytotoxic in vitro against U 937 or ovary carcinoma tumor lines (95% cytotoxicity) at a 1/1 effector/tumor cell ratio. The antitumoral potency of activated macrophages was confirmed in vivo where adoptive transfer of one million human macrophages twice a week to nude mice bearing human ovary carcinoma caused a marked regression of the primary tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Treatment using lymphocytapheresis of severe forms of Crohn's disease. Preliminary results].

We report our experience in the treatment of severe Crohn's disease by lymphocytapheresis (LCTPH). Twelve patients with severe Crohn's disease unresponsive to prednisone for two years were treated by twelve sessions of LCTPH over a three-week period. Approximately 4.5 x 10(9) lymphocytes were removed at the end of each session, total lymphocyte removal per patient ranging from 1.9 to 10.7 x 10(8)/kg. Sessions were well tolerated. Clinical improvement was observed in all patients at the end of their LCTPH courses. However only fifty per cent of these patients achieved clinical remission of three months and for two of them the remission lasted 8 and 9 months. We examined the immediate effects of cytapheresis on peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes. No correlation was noted between the clinical efficacy of LCTPH and the quantity of lymphocytes (T3, T4, T8, NK) and/or monocytes removed. The only significant change was a partial recovery of NK activity in the good responders. The optimal modalities of depletion and the advantages of this treatment in severe Crohn's disease have to be defined in multicentric controlled studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A T chronic lymphocytic leukemia with large granular lymphocytes. Phenotype and functions of leukemic cells under in vitro treatment by differentiation inducers.

We reported the morphologic, phenotypic and functional characteristics of leukemic cells with natural killer (NK) properties in a case of T chronic lymphocytic leukemia with large granular lymphocytes. These cells were cytologically and cytochemically characterized as phosphatase acid positive large granular lymphocytes (LGL), and presented parallel tubular arrays at the ultra structural level. They displayed a CD2, CD3, CD8, CD11, Leu 7, and Leu 11 positive phenotype while they lacked B cell markers including surface immunoglobulins. In addition, they expressed human leukocyte antigens (HLA) Class I, but no Class II antigens. These phenotypic studies were also performed after cells were cultured in vitro with 12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate, gamma interferon, 5-azacytidine, sodium butyrate, phytohemagglutinin, and interleukin 2 (IL2). The cell surface markers underwent several significant changes. Among them we noted a higher percentage of labeled cells with anti-CD6 and CD7 monoclonal antibodies (moAbs), and a positivity with an anti-CD19 (B4) moAb. The leukemic LGL spontaneously developed a NK activity on K 562 tumor cells, which was not affected under the various T and B cells growth factors because they became more sensitive to IL2; but they were also stimulated by a 50-kilodalton (KD) B cell growth factor (BCGF) factor devoid of any T cell proliferation activity. Together these results gave a better characterization of azurophilic granules containing T chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and enabled the documentation of the differentiation of LGL with NK activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Simultaneous determination of Pt and essential trace elements in plasma by energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF).

Energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence allows the simultaneous determination of platinum and essential trace-elements in plasma and filtered plasma. Pharmacokinetics of platinum and the variations of trace-elements levels with respect to the normal mean values before and during the treatment are reported. Particularly during the treatment we observed that total iron concentration clearly increases in plasma, which suggests a hemolytic effect of the drug. However we can exclude this hypothesis by the simultaneous determination of potassium and rubidium levels, which do not increase as greatly as in hemolysed samples.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

High dose intravenous IgG followed by splenectomy versus splenectomy alone in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura refractory to steroids.

A total of twenty-six patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ITP refractory to corticosteroids were alternately allocated to undergo splenectomy alone (N = 12) or to receive a 5 day course of high dose immunoglobulin G i.v. immediately followed by splenectomy (N = 14). Although there were less initial failures after splenectomy in patients receiving IgG, the proportion of sustained complete remission at 1 and 2 years was identical in both groups. It is concluded that high dose IgG infusions do not improve the results of splenectomy in refractory ITP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Medical treatment of metastatic cancer of the kidney with a combination of vinblastine and recombinant interferon alpha IIa. Result of a phase I-II trial].

Usual treatments of metastatic renal cell carcinoma are not efficient. Phase II trials using Interferon alpha showed a low response rate (10 to 15%). We have conducted a phase I-II trial using a combination of Vinblastine and Recombinant alpha 2 A Interferon in 21 patients. The response rate is of 43% including 1 complete and 8 partial remissions, 5 stabilizations and 8 progressive diseases. In spite of important side effects, these results are promising.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Decreased membrane "fluidity" of T lymphocytes from untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Plasma membrane "fluidity" of peripheral blood T lymphocytes from untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) and healthy controls was studied using the fluorescent probes 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and 1-(4(trimethylamino)phenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (TMA-DPH). In 13 consecutive patients a significant increase of T lymphocyte plasma membrane microviscosity was observed with both DPH and TMA-DPH. These alterations seemed unrelated to the cholesterol (Chol) and phospholipid (PL) content of HD T lymphocytes since the Chol/PL ratio was comparable in both HD and control cells. Since prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from monocytic origin has been claimed to be responsible for the impairment of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) associated with HD, we studied the effect of exogeneously added PGE2 (0.1 microM) on control subjects T lymphocyte membrane "fluidity". Using the fluorescent probe DPH and the spin labelled fatty acid probe 16 NMS for electron paramagnetic resonance study, we observed a PGE2-induced fluidization of control T lymphocyte membranes which is specifically located in the inner part of the plasma membrane, whereas the plasma membrane surface seemed unaffected by PGE2 as judged by the TMA-DPH probe. Thus, PGE2 does not appear to be responsible for the alterations of T lymphocyte membranes observed in HD. Intrinsic alterations and/or other mediators might be involved.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Interferon enhanced natural killer function in Hodgkin's disease.

Natural killer (NK) cell activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 19 untreated patients with active Hodgkin's disease and 22 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals was evaluated using classical K 562 cells as targets in a 4-h assay. A significant decrease was demonstrated in the patients (P less than 0.01) in accordance with previous data from the literature. Preincubation of effector cells with alpha leucocyte recombinant interferon (500 units/10(6) cells/ml) led to a significant increase in NK function in the patients (P less than 0.001). However, 4 patients still remained below the normal range and some patients were poor responders to interferon indicating that the mechanisms of depressed NK cell activity associated with Hodgkin's disease could not be overcome by interferon at least in some patients.

Adult↗