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Biomedical subjects

F Osaka

Publications and source records attributed to F Osaka.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Behavior of urinary hydroxyproline and the effect of cigarette smoking in silicosis].

This study was conducted through regular pneumonoconiosis examination according to the law on 1,096 employees of medium and small-sized ceramic enterprises in Tokai district in 1981-82. Interview examination with BMRC questionnaire, X-ray examination and measurement of urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio (HOP ratio) were carried out in order to elucidate the relationship between silicosis and urinary HOP ratio and to demonstrate the effect of smoking on pneumofibrosis. Grade of silicosis was classified into five types (0 to 4) based on the Japanese Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses. In evaluating the behavior of urinary HOP ratio, when smoking factor is added in the early grade of pneumofibrosis (type 1 and type 2), collagen decomposition rate is rapidly repressed and fibroplastic conditions develop to the final grade as type 3 and 4, although smoking itself does not seem to induce pneumofibrosis. To exclude the effects of smoking, nonsmoking group was used for measurement of HOP ratio by grade. The HOP ratio in type 0 was lowest and HOP ratio increased in the order of type 1 and type 2. The turning point was found in type 2 and their HOP ratio decreased one after another. The turning point shifted from type 2 to type 3 in the case of non-smokers without any index symptoms by BMRC questionnaire and also shifted to type 1, in the case of non-smokers with them. Shifting of turning point suggests that index symptoms also promote fibroplastic activities.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Personal exposure to nitrogen dioxide and its relation to indoor and outdoor air quality.

An estimating equation of annual geometric average of personal NO2 exposure was proposed. The average could be calculated from three variables, that is, personal NO2 exposures in one winter and one summer month and ratio of winter period in a year. Ten housewives living in Suginami Ward, a residential area in Tokyo, were chosen as subjects of this study. They were asked to measure daily averages of the personal NO2 exposures with a filter badge. Measurements were performed on consecutive seven days in every month from January to December of 1982 for a total of 84 samples per person. Their activities, the amount of fuel consumption and other living conditions were recorded at the same time. Outdoor NO2 concentrations and maximum, minimum and average temperatures were also measured at the center of their living area. The personal NO2 exposure and its seasonal variation were found to depend mainly on the type of space heaters, frequency of ventilation fan usage in a kitchen, and the amount of fuel consumption.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1985

A comparative study on the health effects of smoking and indoor air pollution in summer and winter.

This study was performed by a comparison between summer and winter for the purpose of demonstration the actual conditions of health effects of indoor air pollution with special reference to NO2 and smoking, on the subjects composed of 820 school children and their 546 mothers in the two areas with different ambient NO2 concentrations. In either case, examination was carried out with standardized questionnaire test for respiratory symptoms, personal NO2 exposure measurement using the filter badge by Yanagisawa, and analysis of urinary hydroxyproline and creatinine in two areas with different ambient NO2 levels. Personal NO2 exposure level in winter season was 2-3 times higher than that in summer, particularly NO2 level among residents living in homes with non-vented stove for space heating was substantially higher from those of residents with vented stove. Wives with vented stove had a moderate exposure level in winter season by the contribution of NO2 originated from the kitchen and poor ventilation rate. Since the hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio (HOP-ratio) of children increased more, their household location were nearer to any heavy traffic roads in summer, health effects from automobile exhaust were suggested only in summer season. In summer season, personal NO2 exposure level were almost the same with the ambient NO2 concentrations over both areas. These results suggest that indoor air pollution in winter season may be separated from outdoor air pollution. It was a matter of course that hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio in winter season was higher than that in summer, in any group and in any area, but the range of variation of hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio was smaller by far than that of personal NO2 exposure level. Judging from urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio, health effects of active smoking and passive smoking increased with increasing the number of smoked, dose-dependently in any season. According to stepwise multiple regression analysis, hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio had significant relation to either NO2 and active or passive smoking, but personal NO2 exposure level had no relation to cigarette smoking. NO2 and cigarette smoke were seemed to make hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio increase, independently each other.

Air Pollution↗
PubMed1985

Relationship between housing environment and allergic symptoms of children using ATS-DLD questionnaires.

Using pupils in three areas with different environmental factors (Suginami-ku, Tokyo: Aikawa-machi, Kanagawa prefecture: and Shimizu-shi, Shizuoka prefecture) as subjects, respiratory symptoms and domestic environment were surveyed by meams of the American Thoratic Society-Division of Lung Disease (ATS-DLD) questionnaires together with measurement of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) by the radioimmunosorbent test (RIST) and specific mite and cedar IgE by the radioallergosorbent test (RAST), as well as the relationship between "allergic symptoms" as designated in the ATS-DLD questionnaire and housing structure. The following knowledge was obtained. According to the ATS-DLD standardized questionnaires for prevalence of respiratory symptoms and allergic symptoms, Aikawa showed a significantly low value of 8.5% (p less than 0.001) compared with 15.8% for Suginami and 15.7% for Shimizu, referring to allergic rhinitis only. The positive rate of 300 U/ml and over of total IgE was 55.5% in Suginami, 49.1% in Shimizu and 40.4% in Aikawa. Aikawa showed the lowest the positive rate of total IgE in allergic symptoms. The housing was classified into three types according to the original structure each of which had characteristic ventilation rates. The positive rates according to the housing structure showed no differences by areas for Type A (wooden house) with good ventilation, but for Types B (mortar frame house) and C (steel reinforced frame house) with airtight structures, the rates increased in the order of Aikawa less than Shimizu less than Suginami, and a significant difference was observed between Aikawa and Suginami (p less than 0.01). However, in the same area no difference was noted between Type A and Types B and C. No difference in the positive rate of allergic experiences by housing structure, was noted among areas and housing structures in the same area for the group not experiencing allergic symptoms (A. Inexp. Group), while no difference was noted for Type A but the rates were high in the order of 60.0% in Aikawa, 65.2% in Shimizu and 75.3% in Suginami for Types B and C in the group experiencing allergic symptoms (A. Exp. Group). Furthermore, in the same area when the Type A was compared with Types B and C, the latter showed a higher positive rate than the formar in all three areas, with a significant difference (p less than 0.05) noted in Suginami.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1984

An improved method for analysis of urinary hydroxyproline by an automated analyzer.

An improved method of analysis has been devised for estimating the amount of hydroxyproline excreted into the urine. This study has been performed to overcome the difficulties accompaning mass-examinations which are indispensable in epidimiological studies. Urine samples are pretreated with a resin-charcoal mixture for elimination of interfering substances or color inhibitions, and the supernatant is treated by evaporation to avoid complications followed by pH adjustment. The residue is reconstituted with diluted HCL. After pretreatment, samples a analyzed with an automated analyzer. Linearity of standard calibration curve, and recovery and reproducibility of this assay are satisfactory. This simple procedure of analysis requires little time. This method is also useful for routine clinical examinations.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1982

Epidemiological study on the hydroxyproline: creatinine ratio as an index of growth rate.

A number of studies has suggested that urinary hydroxyproline can be used as an index of collagen metabolism and urinary hydroxyproline excretion is closely related to growth hormone. This report is a cohort study to demonstrate the relationship between the urinary hydroxyproline: creatinine ratio and growth rate for four years. The pattern of increased urinary hydroxyproline: creatinine ratio in adolescence appeared to be closely ralated to the general pattern of growth rate measured in school children. In has been shown that the urinary hydroxyproline: creatinine ratio is the most suitable index of the growth rate.

Body Height↗
PubMed1980

Adenocystic carcinoma in computed tomography.

Computed tomography was introduced in 1972 by Ambrose and Hounsified in England. At first it was designed for diagnostic radiology and neurosurgery of the brain and skull. Soon, in 1974, whole-body computerized tomography scanners went into operation in the United States and then came into worldwide use. The use of computed tomography in maxillofacial regions is rare. In the report two adenocystic carcinomas in the maxilla are described by computed tomography, and the images thus produced are compared to those obtained by ordinary tomography and isotope scintigraphy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Personal exposure and health effect relationship for NO2 with urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio as indicator.

Establishment of an exposure-effect relationship was attempted between personal nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure and urinary hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio of approximately 800 adult women, who were mothers of primary schoolchildren living in two communities around Tokyo. Daily average of the personal NO2 exposure (ENO2) was measured during wintertime by a newly developed personal monitor exposed for 24 hours. The hydroxyproline to creatinine ratio (HOP:C) in the urine sample collected early in the morning of the day for ENO2 measurement was used as a biochemical indicator of the health effect of NO2 exposure. The HOP:C was found to have significant correlation with ENO2 and number of cigarettes smoked actively and passively. ENO2, however, had no correlation with the intensity of the smoking levels; they might affect HOP:C independently. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that HOP:C could be predicted by ENO2 and smoking habits at a high confidence level. The regression analysis of the active smokers' group indicated that a few cigarettes was enough to increase the HOP:C, while in the case of passive smoking, HOP:C increased proportionally to the number of cigarettes.

Adult↗